3 main keywords for digital transformation:

1. Change
2. Value

What is IT recently focusing on?

1. Computational data processing

2. Decision support system
3. Business software system: Enterprise Resource Planning; Management
Information System; Customer Relationship Management; Document Management System

What is it important?
Helps to build and grow the commerce and business sector and generate the max. Possible
profit

⁃ Communication among employees, suppliers, and customer

⁃ Inventory management system (IMS)
⁃ Document Management system (DMS)
⁃ Management information system (MIS)
⁃ Customer relationship management (CRM)

Digital transformation ethical issues

Software piracy issues
Inappropriate sharing of information
Inappropriate Use of computer resources

Typical executive information systems (EIS)

Hardware
Software
User interface
Telecommunication

Digitization - conversion from data to information

Digitalization - the process, Transformation from physical to digital

4 types of Digital transformation

1. Business Process - develop a system, e.g. Dominic pizza, get online order from
the customer
2. Business model - e.g. Netflix, HBO, Amazon prime etc
3. Domain - e.g. amazon, AWS (amazon web services), largest could
computing/infrastructure service
4. Cultural/ Organizational - it requires flexible workflow, decentralized decision-
making process, and great reliance on different business ecosystems
Class discussion:
1. Is your digital ambition to optimize or transform?
1. Both - depends on the situation and the strategic goal of the organization, as we
need them both.
2. Optimize - streamline the workflow and improve the efficiency and effectiveness
3. Transform - from the manual system to the automation
2. What are the key stages and activities?
There are 4 stages of digital transformation: assessment (knowing the current stage and decide
the objective of change), planning, designing, implantation (includes modification), acceleration
(scaling and expansion), measurement (the stage of control), evaluation (effectiveness of the
plan)
3. Which leaders and teams need to be involved?
Everybody in the organization gets involved. (Chief Information Officer, Chief Technology
Officer, Chief Digital Officer), business process expert, security specialist, Project manager, and
front line.

Key stages:
Ambition
Design
Delivery
Scale
Refine

Digital transformation：
Business process transformation
Business model transformation
Domain transformation
Cultural/organizational transformation

Class discussion:
1. Is your digital ambition to optimize or transform?
1. Both - depends on the situation and the strategic goal of the organization, as we need
them both.
2. Optimize - streamline the workflow and improve the efficiency and effectiveness
3. Transform - from the manual system to the automation
2. What are the key stages and activities?
1. There are 4 stages of digital transformation: assessment (knowing the current stage and
decide the objective of change), planning, designing, implantation (includes modification),
acceleration (scaling and expansion), measurement (the stage of control), evaluation
(effectiveness of the plan)
3. Which leaders and teams need to be involved?
1. Everybody in the organization gets involved. (Chief Information Officer, Chief Technology
Officer, Chief Digital Officer), business process expert, security specialist, Project manager, and
front line.