Simple Present

3. Form
infinitive (3rd person singular he, she, it: infinitive + -s)

4. Examples

4.1. Affirmative sentences in the Simple Present

Long forms Contracted forms

I read books.

You read books. not possible

He reads books.

4.2. Negative sentences in the Simple Present

You must not negate a full verb in English. Always use the auxiliary do for negations
and the infinitive of the verb.

Long forms Contracted forms

I do not clean the room. I don't clean the room.

 Long forms Contracted forms

You do not clean the room. You don't clean the room.

He does not clean the room. He doesn't clean the room.

4.3. Questions in the Simple Present

You need the auxiliary do/does and the infinitive of the verb.

Long forms Contracted forms

Do I play football?

Do you play football? not possible

Does he play football?

Present Perfect

3. Form
have/has + past participle *
4. Examples

4.1. Affirmative sentences in the Present Perfect – regular verbs

Long forms Contracted forms

I have cleaned my room. I've cleaned my room.

You have cleaned your room. You've cleaned your room.

He has cleaned his room. He's cleaned his room.

4.2. Affirmative sentences in the Present Perfect – irregular verbs

Long forms Contracted forms

I have gone home. I've gone home.

You have gone home. You've gone home.

He has gone home. He's gone home.

4.3. Negative sentences in the Present Perfect – regular verbs

 Long forms Contracted forms

I've not cleaned my room.

I have not cleaned my room.

I haven't cleaned my room.

You've not cleaned your room.

You have not cleaned your room.

You haven't cleaned your room.

He's not cleaned his room.

He has not cleaned his room.

He hasn't cleaned my room.

4.4. Negative sentences in the Present Perfect – irregular verbs

Long forms Contracted forms

I've not gone home.

I have not gone home.

I haven't gone home.

You have not gone home. You've not gone home.

You haven't gone home.
 Long forms Contracted forms

He's not gone home.

He has not gone home.

He hasn't gone home.

4.5. Questions in the Present Perfect – regular verbs

Long forms Contracted forms

Have I cleaned the room?

Have you cleaned the room? There are no contracted forms.

Has he cleaned the room?

4.6. Questions in the Presentast Perfect – irregular verbs

Long forms Contracted forms

Have I gone home? There are no contracted forms.

Have you gone home?
 Long forms Contracted forms

Has he gone home?

* past participle:

 regular verbs → infinitive + -ed

Present Progressive

 3. Form
 to be (am, are, is) + Infinitiv + -ing
  4. Examples

 4.1. Affirmative sentences in the Present Progressive

Long forms Contracted forms

I am playing football. I'm playing football.

You are playing football. You're playing football.

He is playing football. He's playing football.

 4.2. Negative sentences in the Present Progressive

Long forms Contracted forms

I am not playing football. I'm not playing football.

You're not playing football.

You are not playing football.

You aren't playing football.

He is not playing football. He's not playing football.

He isn't playing football.
Long forms Contracted forms

 4.3. Questions in the Present Progressive

Long forms Contracted forms

Am I playing football?

Are you playing football? not possible

Is he playing football?

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