PRAKTIS SPM 2

Soalan Objektif

1. Antara sebatian organik berikut, yang manakah C Tidak bertindakBertindak balas balas dengan kaliumdenga
mengandungi empat atom karbon dalam Does not react withReact with acidified potassiumacidified pota
molekulnya? manganate(VII)manganate(VII)
Which of the following organic compounds has four MenghasilkanTidak menghasilkan banyak jelaga apabilaje
carbon atoms in its molecule? terbakarte
A Etana / Ethane Produces a lot of sootDoes not produc
B Propena / Propene
D
C Butanol / Butanol
D Asid pentanoik / Pentanoic acid

2
2. Yang manakah formula am bagi alkuna?
Which of the following is the general formula for

BAB
alkyne?
5. Sebatian P mempunyai ciri-ciri di bawah:
A CnH2n Compound P has the following characteristics:
B CnH2n+2
C CnH2n-2
Sangat larut dalam air
3. Proses yang manakah menukarkan etanol kepada Very soluble in water
2007 asid etanoik? Boleh disediakan daripada alkena
Which process converts ethanol to ethanoic acid? Can be prepared from an alkene
A Penghidrogenan
What is probably compound P?
Hydrogenation
Apakah kemungkinan sebatian P?
B Pengoksidaan
A C2H5COOCH3 C C3H7COOH
Oxidation
B CH3COONa D C2H5OH
C Penghidratan
Hydration 6. Pembakaran lengkap bagi satu hidrokarbon
2008 diwakili oleh persamaan yang berikut:
4. Rajah 1 menunjukkan formula molekul bagi
The complete combustion of a hydrocarbon is represented by
2015 sebatian X dan sebatian Y. the following equation:
Diagram 1 shows the molecular formula of compound X
and compound Y. CH2x + xO2 → CO2 + xH2O
C5H12 C5H10 Apakah nilai x? / What is the value of x?
A 2 C 4
X Y B 3 D 5
Rajah 1/ Diagram 1 7. Rajah 2 menunjukkan formula struktur ester
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah sifat yang 2007 yang terkandung dalam buah tembikai.
betul Diagram 2 shows the structural formula of an ester
bagi sebatian X dan Y? contained in watermelon.
Which of the following are the correct properties for
compounds X and Y? HHHO HH

HCCCCOCCH

X Y HHH HH

A Larut dalam asid Larut dalam alkali

Soluble in acid Soluble in alkali
Bertindak balas dengan
Tidak
bromin
bertindak balas
Reacts withdengan
brominebromin Does not react with
B bromine

Rajah 2/ Diagram 2
1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.
 Kimia Tingkatan 5 Bab 2 Sebatian

Apakah nama ester tersebut mengikut sistem

9. Gas petroleum cecair (LPG) terdiri terutamanya
penamaan IUPAC?
daripada propana yang digunakan sebagai bahan
What is the name of the ester based on the IUPAC
nomenclature system?
api kenderaan. Apakah ciri-ciri propana?
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is composed mainly of
A Butil etanoat / Butyl ethanoate propane that is used as fuel for vehicles. What are the
B Propil etanoat / Propyl characteristics for propane?
ethanoate C Etil propanoat / Ethyl I Larut dalam air
propanoate D Etil butanoat / Ethyl Dissolves in water
butanoate II Wujud sebagai gas pada suhu bilik
Exists as a gas at room temperature
8. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah hidrokarbon
2018 III Mempunyai takat didih yang tinggi
tak tepu?
Has a high boiling point
Which of the following are unsaturated hydrocarbons?
IV Tidak boleh mengkonduksi elektrik
I H H Cannot conduct electricity
2

A I dan III
H C C H I and III
C C C B II dan IV
IIand IV
BA

C C C C I dan IV
H C C H I and IV
D III dan IV
H H IIIand IV

II H H 10. Rajah 3 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi satu

H H 2013 isomer alkena.
C Diagram 3 shows the structural formula of an isomer for
H C C H an alkene.
H H H
H C C H
H C C C C H
C
H H H H
H H
H C H

H C H
III CH3
H
H3C C CH3
Rajah 3/ Diagram 3
CH3
Namakan isomer itu berdasarkan sistem
IV H H
penamaan IUPAC.
Name the isomer according to the IUPAC
C C
nomenclature system.
H H A 2-metilbut-2-ena
2-methylbut-2-ene
B 3-metilpent-2-ena
A I dan III 3-methylpent-2-ene
I and III C 3-etilbut-2-ena
B II dan IV 3-ethylbut-2-ene
II and IV D 2,2-dimetilbut-2-ena
C I dan IV 2,2-dimethylbut-2-ene
I and IV
D II dan III
II and III

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. 2

 Kimia Tingkatan 5 Bab 2 Sebatian

Soalan Struktur

Bahagian A

1. Rajah 1 menunjukkan alkena W, C5H10 melalui tindak balas I untuk membentuk sebatian X, sebaliknya
2013 sebatian X melalui tindak balas II untuk membentuk alkena W.
Diagram 1 shows alkene W, C5H10 undergoes reaction I to form compound X while compound X undergoes reaction II to form
Tindak balas I / Reaction I
H2O [H3PO4, 300oC, 60 atm]
Alkena W, C5H10 Sebatian X
Tindak balas II / Reaction II
Alkene W, C5H10 Compound X
alkene W.

(a) Nyatakan nama bagi alkena W, C5H10.

State the name for alkene W, C5H10.

2
[1 markah / mark]

BAB
(b) Lukis formula struktur untuk dua isomer bagi alkena W,
C5H10.
Draw the structural formulae for two isomers of alkene W, C5H10.

[2 markah /
marks]
(c) (i) Nyatakan pemerhatian apabila alkena W dialirkan melalui air
bromin.
State the observation when alkene W is passed over bromine water.

[1 markah / mark]
(ii) Tulis persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas dalam 1(c)
(i).
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction in 1(c)(i).

[2 markah /
marks]
(d) Berdasarkan Rajah 1: / Based on Diagram 1:
(i) Namakan tindak balas I. / Name
reaction I.

[1 markah / mark]

3 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn.

 Kimia Tingkatan 5 Bab 2 Sebatian
(ii) Tulis formula molekul untuk sebatian X. / Write the molecular formula of compound X.

[1 markah / mark]

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. 4

 Kimia Tingkatan 5 Bab 2 Sebatian

(ii) Lukis rajah berlabel untuk tindak balas II yang dijalankan dalam makmal bagi etanol.
Draw a labelled diagram for reaction II that is carried out in the laboratory for ethanol.
2

[2 markah / marks]
Bahagian B
BA

1. (a) Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi

HHH H HH H
sebatian A, B dan C.

Diagram 2.1 shows the structural formula of compounds HCCCH HCCCH HCCCH
A,
B and C. H H HH H
(i) Banding dan bezakan sebatian A, B dan
C berdasarkan strukturnya. Nyatakan siri Sebatian A Sebatian B Sebatian C
Compound Compound B Compound C
homolog untuk sebatian A, B dan C. A
Compare and contrast compounds A, B and C Rajah 2.1 / Diagram
based on their structures. State the homologous 2.1
series for compounds A, B and C.
[5 markah / marks]
(ii) Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan ujian kimia untuk membezakan antara sebatian A dan sebatian C.
Table 2 shows the result of a chemical test to differentiate between compound A and compound C.
Prosedur / Procedure Pemerhatian / Observation
Air bromin ditambah ke dalam sebatian A. Warna perang air bromin dinyahwarnakan.
Bromine water is added to compound A. Brown bromine water is decolourised.
Air bromin ditambah ke dalam sebatian C. Warna perang air bromin tidak berubah.
Bromine water is added to compound C. Brown bromine water remains unchanged.
Jadual 2 / Table 2 Asid Pengoksid
propanoik Oxidatio
Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan dalam pemerhatian
tersebut. Rajah 2.2 /
Explain why there is a difference in the observations. 2.2

(b) Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas yang melibatkan hidrokarbon
P.
Diagram 2.2 shows a series of reactions involving hydrocarbon P.
Hidrokarbon P Pempolimeran
Hydrocarbon P Polimer R
Polymerisation Polymer R

Proses I
Process I

Sebatian Q
Compound Q
5 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn.
 Kimia Tingkatan 5 Bab 2 Sebatian

[5 markah / marks]

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. 6

 Kimia Tingkatan 5 Bab 2 Sebatian

Berdasarkan Rajah 2.2,

Based on Diagram 2.2,
(i) Nyatakan formula am bagi P dan kumpulan berfungsi bagi Q. Kenal pasti Q.
Lukis formula struktur bagi semua isomer Q dan namakan isomer-isomer tersebut.
State the general formula of P and functional group of Q. Identify Q.
Draw the structural formulae of all the isomers of Q and name the isomers.

(ii) Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang untuk menunjukkan proses pempolimeran yang berlaku
terhadap hidrokarbon P.
Write a balanced chemical equation to show the polymerisation that occurs to hydrocarbon P.

(iii) Nyatakan dua keadaan yang diperlukan untuk proses I berlaku.

State two conditions needed for process I to take place.
[10 markah / marks]
Bahagian C

3. Suatu sebatian organik R dengan formula empirik C3H6O merupakan perisa nanas. Jisim molekul relatif bagi

2
sebatian ini ialah 116. Sebatian R boleh dihasilkan melalui tindak balas asid butanoik dengan alkohol Q.

BAB
An organic compound R with empirical formula C3H6O is a pineapple flavouring. The relative molecular mass of this
compound is 116. Compound R can be produced through the reaction of butanoic acid and alcohol Q.
(a) (i) Tentukan formula molekul bagi sebatian R.
Determine the molecular formula of compound R.

(ii) Nyatakan nama siri homolog bagi R dan lukis formula struktur R.
State the name of the homologous series of R and draw the structural formula of R.

(iii) Bandingkan asid butanoik dan sebatian organik R dari segi

Compare butanoic acid and organic compound R in terms of
• Kumpulan berfungsi
Functional groups
• Keterlarutan dalam air
Solubility in water

(iv) Kenal pasti alkohol Q. Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang untuk tindak balas antara asid butanoik
dengan alkohol Q.
Identify alcohol Q. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of butanoic acid and alcohol Q.
[11 markah / marks]

(b) Dengan menggunakan asid butanoik dan alcohol Q yang dikenal pasti di 3(a)(iv), huraikan secara
2013 ringkas bagaimana seorang murid dapat menyediakan perisa nanas. Dalam huraian anda, sertakan senarai
bahan kimia, prosedur eksperimen, pemerhatian dan nama perisa nanas yang terhasil.
Using butanoic acid and alcohol Q identified in 3(a)(iv), describe briefly how a student can prepare the pineapple
flavouring. In your description, include a list of materials, procedure of the experiment, observation and the name of the
pineapple flavouring produced.
[9 markah / marks]

Kuiz 2

7 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn.