Saudi Aramco

Safety Management Guide

SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS
(SIMOPS)

Guide Number 06-007-2016

Table of Contents
1. Purpose .................................................................................................................. 1
2. Scope ........................................................................................................... ……...1
3. Definitions...................................................................................................... ……..1
4. Introduction..................................................................................................... …....2
5. Responsibilities............................................................................................... …....3
6. Procedure ............................................................................................................... 5
7. Competency Requirements .................................................................................. 10

Supplements
Supplement 1: Simultaneous Operations Flowchart ...................................................... 12
Supplement 2: Example SIMOPS Hazards and Conditions Register ............................. 13
Supplement 3: Example SIMOPS Matrix (Partial).......................................................... 14
Supplement 4: Example SIMOPS Conditions / Mitigations (Partial) ............................... 15
Supplement 5: 2nd Example SIMOPS Matrix (Partial) .................................................... 16
Supplement 6: 2nd Example SIMOPS Conditions / Mitigations ....................................... 17

Prepared by the Loss Prevention Department

August 1, 2016

© Copyright 2016 Saudi Aramco. All Rights Reserved.

Simultaneous Operations Guide Issue Date: August 1, 2016

Simultaneous Operations
1. PURPOSE

The purpose of this Safety Management Guide (SMG) is to provide a methodical process
that will assist Saudi Aramco proponent organizations in determining whether or not
Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS) plans are required, help the proponent develop
appropriate plans and also help with managing the work by applying effective risk
management techniques. SIMOPS agreements and plans are used to protect all involved
personnel, company assets and the environment.

2. SCOPE
This Safety Management Guide applies to all Saudi Aramco (SA) facilities (onshore and
offshore), project sites and support facilities where simultaneous activities may occur.
Some examples where SIMOPS may take place include construction within an existing
facility, during commissioning activities, upgrades, start up, expansion projects, major
plant shut downs, turnarounds, drilling, workover, pipeline work, laydown yards,
workshops, seismic, subsea and well intervention, etc.

3. DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:

3.1 GOSP: Gas-Oil Separation Plant.

3.2 Hazard Identification: A systematic process used to identify hazards within a

particular task or group of tasks (i.e. HAZID, HAZOP). It is considered the first
step in the hazard analysis process and is dependent on the level of knowledge and
experience of the individuals involved.

3.3 Lower Flammable Limit (LFL): The minimum concentration of a fuel vapor in
air mixture, below this concentration level the mixture is too lean to burn; therefore,
ignition will not occur. If a vapor/air mixture is above the LFL, a fire or explosion
is likely in the presence of an ignition source.

3.3 Procedure: The specified steps that are performed to accomplish a task.

3.4 Qualitative Risk Assessment: A method of hazard analysis that uses descriptive
scales or ranking schemes (e.g., high/medium/low) to define the magnitude of
potential consequences and the probability that those consequences may occur.
Qualitative analysis is generally used for an initial screening to identify risks that
require more detailed analyses. It can also be used where the level of risk does not
justify or where numerical data is insufficient for a quantitative analysis. (SMG 02-
002-2010 Qualitative Risk Assessment)

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3.5 Readiness Review: This review is held involving key representatives from
relevant parties and Subject Matter Experts to assure Saudi Aramco managers that
all SIMOPS hazards have been identified and appropriately mitigated prior to
beginning work.

3.6 Rupture Exposure Radius (RER): For toxic effects, the rupture exposure radius
refers to the horizontal distance from a leak source to specified levels of hydrogen
sulfide (H2S) concentration in parts per million (ppm). Concentration thresholds to
be considered are 30 ppm and 100 ppm. For a flammable gas hazard, with no toxic
gases in its composition, the RER refers to the horizontal distance from a leak
source to ½ the Lower Flammable Limit (LFL).

3.7 SIMOPS Coordinator: The single point of contact for all SIMOPS activities to
be conducted. This position is not required for all SIMOPS projects but is advisable
for major project work with a high number of SIMOPS activities or high risk
activities such as but not limited to: total plant shutdown or up-grade, onshore well
work, offshore well work, hook up and commissioning of major projects with other
nearby activities such as laying pipelines or flowlines and drilling/workover with
two or more rigs on the same drill site/well pad. See section 5.6 of this document
for more details.

3.8 Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS): The activities of two or more work groups
working near each other where the actions of one work group may affect the safety
of the adjacent work group personnel, company assets or an adjacent operating
facility.

3.9 SIMOPS Matrix: This document encompasses all activities to be executed by the
various organizations, work groups and contractors. It provides recommendations
for the elimination and mitigation of workplace hazards and control measures
required to undertake simultaneous work.

3.10 SIMOPS Plan: This plan clarifies the roles and responsibilities of the parties
involved in the work. It establishes or identifies which operations take priority over
others and who has the overall decision-making authority. It also establishes
emergency response protocols, the overall Work Permit process, daily
communication requirements, highlights the hazards along with the appropriate
elimination, mitigations and / or control measures to be used.

4. INTRODUCTION
As outlined in the Saudi Aramco Safety Management System, safe and reliable operations
are Saudi Aramco’s primary operational objectives. This guide assists organizations in
identifying potential simultaneous activities and the elements needed to establish a specific
SIMOPS Plan. Effective planning will decrease the level of risk associated with SIMOPS
by:
 Limiting the number of simultaneous activities and simultaneous work where
there is a high risk of an incident or where schedules can be changed to

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eliminate the need for SIMOPS

 Identifying preventive measures to be implemented prior to starting SIMOPS
activities.
 Implementing open and effective communication rules among SIMOPS
organizations.
Safe SIMOPS requires that all activities are identified, effectively assessed, properly
planned, communicated, authorized and executed by following the SIMOPS Plan.
Following this SMG will help ensure a structured method for developing the plan while
coordinating the work and managing the risks. Proper SIMOPS planning will assist
proponent organization’s management in complying with the company’s Loss Prevention
Policy to evaluate, identify and eliminate or manage hazards prior to beginning any
operation or activity which requires SIMOPS.

5. RESPONSIBILITIES
The following describes the typical assignment of responsibilities to individuals
(organizational positions) for implementing a proponent’s Simultaneous Operations Plan.

5.1 Saudi Aramco Asset Management:

5.1.1 Establish a process to perform SIMOPS in accordance with the

requirements of this guide.
5.1.2 Provide appropriate and adequate resources for SIMOPS development.
5.1.3 Appoint a specific person responsible for SIMOPS Approval.
5.1.4 Assign and/or approve SIMOPS Coordinator that possesses the adequate
skills and experience (as described in Section 7 of this guide) to ensure
proper execution of the overall project.
5.1.5 Clearly define who the SIMOPS Coordinator reports to and the boundaries
and areas under his responsibility.
5.1.6 Identify a person or committee with adequate skills and experience (as
described in section 7 of this guide) responsible for developing the SIMOPS
plan and associated documents.
5.1.7 Ensure that hazard/risk studies are conducted with all affected parties and
acceptable risk control measures are established.
5.1.8 Establish a process to effectively communicate important information (i.e.
conflicts, changes, emergencies) with all parties (employees and
contractors) involved in SIMOPS activities.
5.1.9 Ensure the leadership and all personnel in supervisory positions of all
parties are fully trained and understand the application of the SIMOPS plan.
5.1.10 Ensure audits are conducted to determine effectiveness and completeness
of implementation of the SIMOPS plan. Audits should be conducted
immediately after SIMOPS begins and then quarterly.
5.1.11 Approve the plan only after a readiness review is carried out before the high
risk SIMOPS activities start. These activities can be found on the risk
assessment.
5.1.12 Ensure a safe handover of facilities to the proponent once SIMOPS are
complete.

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5.2 Saudi Aramco Supervisors (e.g. Foremen/Supervisors/Liasonman):

5.2.1 Assist and support management in all matters pertaining to SIMOPS

activities.
5.2.2 Ensure that the implementation and requirements of the SIMOPS Plan are
being adhered to by all personnel.
5.2.3 Coordinate with management and all contractors on all matters concerning
SIMOPS (i.e. Attends all meetings, participates and reviews hazard
identification, risk assessment results and confirms that the risk reduction
and control measures are suitable).
5.2.4 Conduct inspections and tours regularly to maintain compliance with
SIMOPS requirements and inform management of any issue that has the
potential to compromise SIMOPS.
5.2.5 Document a complete and safe handover of the facilities or activities once
SIMOPS are complete.

5.3 Project Management Team (PMT):

5.3.1 Communicate with all parties to recognize and evaluate and resolve
potential SIMOPS conflicts.
5.3.2 Ensure strict compliance with the agreed upon coordination schedule /
sequence of work and the safe management of simultaneous activities.
5.3.3 Conduct and participate in SIMOPS risk assessments, inspections and
monitoring.
5.3.4 Ensure that the SIMOPS precautions and activities can be achieved within
the current schedule.
5.3.5 For expansion projects, ensure SIMOPS are part of the deliverables.

5.4 Saudi Aramco Loss Prevention Department (LPD):

5.4.1 Provide consultation on developing and reviewing the SIMOPS Plan as

requested by proponent organizations.
5.4.2 Participate in SIMOPS risk assessment, analysis and mitigation
development as requested.
5.4.3 Assist with acquiring dispersion model calculations when required
5.4.4 Assist with the Qualitative Risk Analysis as requested.

5.5 Contractor Management and Supervision:

5.5.1 Participate in SIMOPS risk assessment, analysis, elimination and mitigation

development as requested.
5.5.2 Communicate all the actual and potential hazards including proposed
mitigation measures to the proponent.

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5.5.3 Provide clear and effective communication and instruction to employees

and sub-contractors such as readiness review meetings and safety talks
concerning:
 The SIMOPS Plan
 Emergency response plans and procedures
5.5.4 Maintain direct control over the work and compliance with the SIMOPS
plan.

5.6 SIMOPS Coordinator:

The SIMOPS Coordinator is the single point of contact for all work to be executed.
He ensures that the simultaneous activities / work is allowed and all requirements
stipulated in the SIMOPS Matrix are met prior to the execution of the work. He will
work with all organizations and work groups to resolve conflicts and facilitate the
ongoing work to ensure the optimization of the schedule to ensure the best possible
chance of meeting deadlines and target dates.

The SIMOPS Coordinator should:

5.6.1 Provide regular updates to the management concerning the progress of the
project and any unforeseen or unplanned delays or events. The schedule of
updates should be determined by the project manager.
5.6.2 Coordinate and communicate with other areas, projects, contractors and
sub-contractors to evaluate and help resolve potential SIMOPS conflicts.
5.6.3 Participate in reviews of the implementation of the SIMOPS Plan and check
that agreed upon controls are in place.
5.6.4 Coordinate and communicate all agreed upon changes to the SIMOPS
matrix with all affected parties prior to starting work.
5.6.5 Serve as the single point of contact for all permits to be issued for SIMOPS
work to ensure that the work can commence safely.

6. PROCEDURE
The following steps describe the basic process of developing SIMOPS plans:

6.1 Identify the need for SIMOPS and assembling the team.

6.1.1 Once the need for SIMOPS has been identified (see definition), a meeting
should be held to discuss possible schedule changes to eliminate the need
for SIMOPS.
6.1.2 If SIMOPS cannot be avoided then all affected parties should develop
detailed job plans and time lines so that an effective risk assessment can
take place.
6.1.3 Identify all the organizations that will be present conducting activities on
site or will be directly involved in the operations.

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6.1.4 Identify all organizations that (although may not be present on-site at the
time of the work) may be affected by any unplanned event during the
operations.
6.1.5 Identify organizations that own equipment or hardware on-site and that are
authorized to shut-in / Lock-Out the energy sources.
6.1.6 Assemble the team to develop the SIMOPS Plan by nominating
representatives from each organization identified in the previous steps.
6.1.7 Each organization will identify the activities to be conducted onsite within
the timeframe of proposed SIMOPS activities and identify the required
schedule for such activities.

6.2 Once the team is assembled, the following activities take place:

6.2.1 A SIMOPS Coordinator may need to be appointed to ensure that the

planning schedule will address SIMOPS activities and consider the activity
duration, manpower, equipment, restricted areas, proximity conflicts (e.g.
offshore vessels) and work permits for each affected area and organization.
6.2.1 Identify each organization’s activities to be conducted onsite.
6.2.2 Identify the required schedule for such activities.
6.2.3 Create a field schedule (e.g. Gantt chart) to illustrate the principal activities
of all parties.
6.2.4 Conduct a SIMOPS workshop to assess each organization’s activities. The
risk register in attachment 3 can be used to document hazards while
conducting SIMOPS.
6.2.5 Use as many combinations as required to assess potential effects from one
organization to another. Some examples include: Drilling vs. Producing,
Construction vs. Field Services, Maintenance vs. T&I activities, etc.
Combinations may involve external and internal operational overlaps.
6.2.6 Use the corporate Risk Management matrix to provide a risk rank to each
organization’s activity.
6.2.7 Identify which organization has the highest risk level (i.e. the most
dangerous output if an uncontrollable event happens).
6.2.8 The organization with the highest risk level, will be on the Y-Axis of the
SIMOPS Matrix.
6.2.9 The other organizations will be on the X-Axis.
6.2.10 The team will choose if independent SIMOPS Matrices are needed or one
complex matrix including all organizations can be developed.
6.2.11 Determine conditions required for each combination of activities among the
organizations identified by the team as absolutely necessary to allow
SIMOPS.
6.2.12 Throughout the life of the project at specified intervals determined by the
team, periodic reviews of the schedule should be made to identify additional
SIMOPS situations (i.e. revisions/changes to the schedule).

NOTE: For these specific guidelines as required by SAES-B-062 section 6.1.1.e,

any Saudi Aramco activity conducted within the 100 ppm H2S RER

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during drilling/workover operations while penetrating hydrocarbon

zones is considered SIMOPS. For other activities that are not subject
to SAES-B-062, SIMOPS zones or SIMOPS boundaries must be
defined based primarily from SA standards, RERs, ½ LFLs. If there is
no standard available, a common agreement within SIMOPS
development team must be reached to determine the SIMOPS
boundary.

6.3 If SIMOPS involves equipment or hardware with live processes, the following
additional steps are recommended:

6.3.1 Explore the possibility and impact of shutting-in or shutting down the
process or equipment during the entire operation or partially during critical
activities.
6.3.2 If the equipment and/or processes cannot be shut-in or shut-down during the
operations, request a dispersion model analysis from LPD for credible
release scenarios.
6.3.3 Based on dispersion model results, define contingency plans for Shelter-In-
Place and/or escape routes.
6.3.4 Consider the possibility of conducting a Quantitative Risk Assessment
(QRA) for major projects to assist management in the decision making
process.
6.3.5 Rank all possible contingency plans giving the highest rank to the safest
plan.
6.3.6 Provide a cost-effective evaluation of contingency plans.
6.3.7 All procedures must be in compliance with GI 6.012.

6.4 A formal SIMOPS Plan shall be written to ensure the SIMOPS is conducted
properly.

6.4.1 Sections that should be included in the SIMOPS Plan:

a) Project / Work Activity Overview

b) Project Drawings
c) Operational Schedules
d) Project Contact List
e) Project SIMOPS Matrix
f) Roles and responsibilities of key personnel
g) SIMOPS procedures
h) Emergency response procedures
i) Communication protocol
j) Work permit system
k) Stop work criteria
l) Stop work authorization
m) Management of Change Process (MOC)

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n) The establishment of reporting lines for the SIMOPS work. This is

critical to the success of the project and provides the frame work for
managing the interface among multiple companies involved.

6.4.2 Items that should be resolved when developing the SIMOPS Plan:

a) Confirm the dates/schedules, scope and SIMOPS coordination

requirements.
b) Review and list all existing operating activities and risk register.
c) Identify the high level view of the areas impacted by the work, consider
the organizations affected, constraints and the boundaries of a work
area(s) and define the various activities that may occur.
d) Agreement of an integrated approach to risk management and
awareness of SIMOPS issues.
e) Stop work criteria.
f) Stop work authority.
g) Type and frequency of all meetings e.g. PMT, SIMOPS Coordination.
h) Confirm understanding of SIMOPS Plan and methodology.
i) Responsibilities.
j) Communication protocols.
k) Authorization of work.
l) Compliance Monitoring (field reports, work permit, JSAs, inspections,
reviews, audits).
m) Confirm timeline of activities (when, where).
n) Confirm all parties’ commitment to all SIMOPS related rules,
processes and the principles of control.
o) Identify the named individual i.e. SIMOPS coordinator / focal point
who will develop and manage a detailed SIMOPS Plan and will liaise
with the affected organizations.
p) Agreement and arrangements for Risk Management: Identify formal
hazard and assessment requirements.
q) Work Permit program – which one to use and who will sign and
counter sign.
r) Identify any critical concerns for line and management review.
s) Identify Restricted Areas and how safety requirements will be met.
t) Consider requirements for interface documents / Bridging Documents
/ Handover Process.
u) A Site Visit should be arranged to help prepare for Risk Management
actions.
v) Identify applicable standards, GIs and important references.
w) Develop a bridging document of the involved companies to establish a
unified HSE plan for the project. Normally the strictest document is
followed. For example, if one plan requires a worker to be 100% tied
off above 4 feet and another requires 100% tie off above 6 feet, we
would use 4 feet as the threshold for tie off for all personnel. This
would be clearly indicated in the bridging document.

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x) A SIMOPS Matrix should be developed to assist personnel with

decision making while conducting SIMOPS. SIMOPS Matrices have
been used for several projects within Saudi Aramco. A brief example
of one can be found in Supplements 3-6.

NOTE: Any deviation from the approved SIMOPS plan and/or Matrix is
required to go through a formal Management of Change process to
ensure all affected parties are formally notified of the change in the
plan. Refer to LP SMG 05-001-2006 Management of Change.

6.5 Contingency / Emergency response planning.

6.5.1 Contingency / emergency response planning for SIMOPS activities is

critical. The existing ability and arrangements of the facility’s emergency
response organization to cope with more than a single incident may be
compromised by the increased activity. Integrated emergency response
plans may be required for major activities such as drilling and laying
flowlines, offshore construction activities in the 30 ppm rupture exposure
radius (RER) of a drilling or workover rig, major plant or GOSP work or
any other activity that may affect emergency response activities.

Considerations for these integrated emergency response plans may

include:

a) Identify the Incident Commander for the integrated ERP.

b) Assembly Areas (onshore) / Muster points (offshore).
c) Emergency escape of personnel on vessels.
d) Communication process for coordination among SIMOPs affected
parties.
e) Medical resources.
f) Firefighting resources.
g) Security arrangements.
h) Pre-incident planning (credible scenarios).
i) Additional emergency exercise (drills) will be required to identify
areas for improvement.
j) Additional fixed LEL gas detection (and H2S on known sour fields).
k) Restricting manning during SIMOPS to essential personnel.
l) Evacuation routes: Modifying or providing an alternative means of
escape.
m) Extra fire-water monitors e.g. from the rig to ensure coverage of the
well manifold area. This will require a review of the rig fire-water
system to ensure that the system is suitable for any extra demand.
n) Additional portable fire monitors or a deluge system.
o) Ensure there is sufficient firewater capacity.
p) Additional portable fire extinguishers.
q) Additional portable gas detectors.

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r) All emergency response plans should be written in line with Saudi

Aramco SMG 08-001-2008 (Emergency Preparedness).

6.6 Obtain signature approval from all affected Managers for SIMOPS.

6.7 Conduct a Kick-off Meeting prior to starting operations with all organizations
participating and affected by the SIMOPS and make a final review of the
SIMOPS Plan to validate or resolve any pending issues such as:

6.7.1 Confirm the dates/schedules, scope and SIMOPS requirements.

6.7.2 Review the operating activities and risk register.
6.7.3 Stop work criteria.
6.7.4 Stop work authority.
6.7.5 Type and frequency of all meetings (e.g. Operations, Producing, PMT,
SIMOPS Coordination, etc.).
6.7.6 Confirm understanding of SIMOPS Plan and methodology from all stake
holders.
6.7.7 Responsibilities.
6.7.8 The establishment of reporting lines for the SIMOPS work is critical to the
success of the project and provides the frame work for managing the
interface among multiple companies involved. Interface meetings and
communication meetings will be a priority to maintain these reporting lines.
6.7.9 Compliance Monitoring (field reports, work permit, JSAs, inspections,
reviews, audits).
6.7.10 Confirm that all pre-set controls are in place.
6.7.11 Identify the named individual SIMOPS coordinator / focal point
6.7.12 Work Permit program – or Authorization of work. (i.e. who will sign and
counter sign permits)
6.7.13 Identify any critical concerns for line and management review.
6.7.14 Identify Restricted Areas and how safety regulations are to be met.
6.7.15 Bridging Documents and Handover Process.
6.7.16 Arrange Site Visit and prepare for Risk Management actions.
6.7.17 Identify applicable standards, GIs and important references.

6.8 Conduct the SIMOPS work. The SIMOPS Coordinator should make notes of issues
and concerns that arise during the execution of the work to compile the lessons
learned for future work.

6.9 After the work is complete, a close out meeting should be held to finalize, document
and communicate the lessons learned.

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7.0 COMPETENCY REQUIREMENTS

7.1 The hazard assessment group must be a group of Subject Matter Experts (SME),
experienced and knowledgeable of the operations related with his organization.
7.2 The SIMOPS Coordinator must be a person with experience at least in the operation
providing the major risk during the SIMOPS.

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Supplement 1

SIMOPS Flow Chart

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Supplement 2

Example SIMOPS Hazards & Conditions Register

Left Column: List of Activities and operations from the organization that potentially will expose other
groups to hazards
Top Row: Organization / Activities being potentially affected by the operations listed on left
Column if carried out simultaneously
Column 1: Identified Hazards (it is recommended to use HAZOP terminology)
Column 2: Consequences from identified hazards for credible scenarios on top row organization’s
personnel, activities, processes and assets
Column 3: Current Safeguards in place from the organization in left column against the identified
hazards
Column 4: Do current operating conditions allow SIMOPS between these two organizations (Yes /
NO)
Column 5: If answer in column 3 is NO, describe which conditions, if implemented, would allow
SIMOPS between these two organizations. (This columns will be the base for the
development of the conditions matrix later)
Column 6: Recommendations to achieve or implement the conditions described in column 5
Column 7: Party or parties responsible to complete the actions described in column 6

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Supplement 3

Example SIMOPS Matrix (Partial)

Left Column: List of Activities and operations from the organization that potentially will expose
other groups to hazards
Top Row: Organization / Activities being potentially affected by the operations listed on left
Column if carried out simultaneously
Internal Cells: For each combination of two activities from top row and left column, provide the
restriction or condition code (from the Condition matrix in Supplement 4) the allows
these two activities to be carried out simultaneously or be classified as “N/A” (Not
Acceptable” if the activities cannot overlap at any time

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Supplement 4

Example SIMOPS Matrix Conditions / Mitigations (Partial)

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Supplement 5

2nd Example SIMOPS Matrix (Partial)

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Supplement 6

2nd Example SIMOPS Example Matrix Conditions / Mitigations

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