saudi aramco

work permit system

EQUIPM
Saud ENT
i Aram
co -9241
OPENIN
Comp
lete this (04/1 G/LINE
form
in Englis
5) Front BREAK
h and PERMIT
write
clearl
y. Use
Section ink pen,
1 – Wo not penci No. A
Month rk Descrip
l.

........ ......
.............. tion

........
....
No. B A. Iden ..............

........
........ ............
tify plan .........
K PERMIT B. Exac t/fac Day .......

........
ility area
HOT WOR-9242 (04/15) Front clearly. Use ink pen,
not pencil. t wor .............. ...

........
C. Wor k loca : …… ....................

....

......
tion: ..............

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k to …… ..........

d).
Saudi Aramco and write Duration

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be don ………… ……....... ............. .....

........
in English D. Equ

uire
te this form ipment .......... e: ......... ……................. ..........
.............. Year

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req
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to be

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reference guide
introduction
T he work permit system is an integral part of
how Saudi Aramco (SA) manages the hazards
within its wide range of activities. The work
permit system authorizes specific construction,
maintenance, inspection, or repair activities to be
conducted that may pose a hazard to personnel,
damage equipment or facilities, disrupt operations,
or harm the environment.

A work permit is not simply permission to carry

out a hazardous activity, but is an essential
part of a process that determines the hazards
associated with a particular activity and the
precautions to take so the job can be carried out
safely.

The issuing of a permit by itself does not make

a job safe. Safe execution of job site activities
can only be achieved by those responsible for
the preparation and supervision of the work.
In addition to a work permit, the necessary
precautions need to be identified and
implemented, including process or electrical
isolation, preparations for opening or entering
equipment or piping, and providing barriers
to prevent personal injury. When issued, work
permits serve as official records of conditions
and minimum safety precautions agreed upon
by the work permit issuer and receiver to control
hazards associated with the work.
The work permit system applies to specific work
activities performed in restricted areas and to
restricted activities designated by proponent
organization managers at all company facilities
and project sites. Restricted areas include
all areas where hydrocarbons, flammable
liquids or gases, or toxic agents are handled,
stored, piped, or processed in bulk quantities.
Restricted activities include activities that present
a potential hazard to personnel, facilities,
equipment, or operations.

Low-risk activities in restricted areas as

determined by the proponent organization may
be exempted from the work permit system.
Responsibilities Responsibilities Responsibilities
Responsibilities Job Task Specified

Conduct Work
Is a Work Permit Using Applicable SA
Required? Requirements

Determine Type of Safely Conduct

Permit(s) Required Work

Complete Section 1
“Work Description”
Receiver Reviews WP
Requirements with Work
Responsibilities

Complete Section 2
Crew
“Hazard ID and Control”

Conduct Gas Testing Per

GI 2.709
Permit Signed
by Issuer and Receiver
Evaluate
Gas Test Joint Site Inspection
Results

Complete and Sign Hazard Issuer Obtains

Analysis Checklist Countersignature(s)/Other
Approvals if Required
Responsibilities

Evaluate
Checklist
Responses

LEGEND
Process Decision Terminate
responsibilities
Work Permit Issuers
A work permit issuer is a Saudi Aramco (SA)
employee who supervises work areas and has
authority over work activities and personnel
in those work areas, and is certified by their
division or department head to issue work
permits. This individual must have the experience
and knowledge needed to adequately assess
job hazards and be capable and authorized
to prescribe the appropriate precautionary
measures.

Work permit issuers have the following

responsibilities:

1. Maintain in their possession a valid SA

work permit issuer certificate. If the issuer
is also the gas tester for the work permit,
they must maintain and carry a valid gas
testing certificate.

2. Authorize and issue work permits per the

requirements of GI 2.100.

3. Verify that the work permit receiver’s

certificate is valid and approved by the
proponent organization for the type of
work to be performed.

4. Ensure that the gas monitoring equipment

used for testing the atmosphere of the job
site has a valid calibration-due-date sticker, or
indicates a valid calibration date in the
 system’s memory and has the correct
sensors for the gases to be detected.

5. Verify that gas tests are conducted

for combustible atmospheres, toxic
atmospheres (e.g., hydrogen sulfide),
oxygen concentration, and additional air
contaminants, as required.

6. Verify the gas test results have been

entered on the respective work permit,
and the gas tester has signed the
corresponding gas testing section.

7. Ensure that the joint site inspection,

including completion of the Hazard
Analysis Checklist, has been conducted
with the receiver.

8. Analyze any hazards listed in the

Hazard Analysis Checklist that are not
sufficiently addressed (i.e., answered
“NO”) and develop methods to
adequately control the hazard(s).

9. Monitor the job site frequently to

make sure all work permit conditions
and applicable SA safety and health
requirements are being met.

10. Stop work any time the job site does

not meet the work permit conditions
and any applicable SA safety and health
requirements. The issuer shall ensure
 actions are taken to correct the deficiencies
before work can resume.

11.
Cancel active permits, immediately stop
work, and issue a new work permit if a
change occurs in the work activities or site
conditions.

12.
Cancel all active permits within the area
affected by any emergency condition and
as specified by the Incident Commander.

13.
Ensure the joint site inspection has been
conducted with the receiver to verify that the
work area has been left in a safe and secure
condition before closing the work permit.

Close work permits after completion of

 14.
the job or when the permit duration has
expired.

Designated Representatives
A designated representative is an employee
designated by their division or department head
to perform the duties associated with issuing
work permits. These are individuals who are
experienced, competent, and familiar with the
company’s work permit system requirements.
Designated representatives cannot issue work
permits. Designated representatives have the
following responsibilities:

1. If the designated representative conducts

the relevant gas tests and records them on
the work permit form, they must:
 A. Maintain and carry a valid gas testing
certificate.

B. Ensure that the gas monitoring

equipment used for testing the
atmosphere of the job site has a valid
calibration-due-date sticker or indicates
a valid calibration date in the system’s
memory and has the correct sensors for
the gases to be detected.

C. Conduct gas tests for combustible

atmospheres, toxic atmospheres
(e.g., hydrogen sulfide), oxygen
concentration, and additional air
contaminants, as required.

D. Enter the gas test results on the

respective work permit and sign the
corresponding gas testing section.

2. Conduct a joint site inspection as

requested by the work permit issuer,
including completion of the Hazard
Analysis Checklist, with the receiver.

3. Monitor the job site as requested by the

work permit issuer to make sure all work
permit conditions and applicable SA safety
and health requirements are being met.

4. Stop work any time the job site does not

meet the work permit conditions or any
applicable SA safety and health requirements
and inform the work permit issuer.
 5. Participate in the joint site inspection with
the receiver as requested by the work
permit issuer before the work permit is
closed, after completion of the job, or
when the permit duration has expired.

Work Permit Receivers

A work permit receiver is an SA employee
(including proponent organization employees)
who has been certified by their division or
department head, or a contractor employee
sponsored by the SA organization head that has
contractual authority over the contractor to sign
and receive work permits. Work permit receivers
have the following responsibilities:

1. Maintain in their possession a valid SA

work permit receiver certificate.

2. Receive the proper work permit(s) from an

SA-certified issuer before executing any
job.

3. Participate in the joint site inspection,

including the hazard analysis with the
issuer (or designated representative).

4. Perform the work in accordance with the

conditions and requirements agreed upon
and specified on the work permit.

5. Remain at the job site and monitor

the work to make sure all work permit
conditions and applicable SA safety and
health requirements are being met.
 6. Keep a copy of the signed work permit
in his possession or in view at the job site
for the duration of the job, so that it is
available for inspection and cancellation if
necessary.

7.
Stop work any time the job site does
not meet the work permit conditions
or any applicable SA safety and health
requirements. The receiver shall ensure
actions are taken to correct the deficiencies
before work can resume.

8.
Immediately stop work if a change occurs
in the work activities or site conditions and
inform the work permit issuer.

9.
Participate in the joint site inspection with
the issuer or designated representative to
verify that the work area has been left in a
safe and secure condition before the work
permit is closed.

10.
Close work permits after completion of
the job or when the permit duration has
expired.
Issuing Work Permits Issuing Work Permits Issuing Work Permits
Issuing Work Permits

No Work Permit Required.

Is a Work Permit
Conduct Job Task Using
Required?
Applicable SA Requirements

NO

Work In Work Is
Restricted NO Restricted
Area Activity
Issuing Work Permits

YES

Work Is Work Permit Is

NO
Low Risk Required

YES
Determine Type of
Permit(s) Required

No Work Permit Required.

Issuing Work Permits

Conduct Job Task Using

Applicable SA Requirements

LEGEND
Process Decision Terminate
issuing work permits
Work permits shall be issued to personnel
(operations, maintenance, or contractors) for
all work activities not classified as low risk in
restricted areas, and for all restricted activities
per the proponent organization’s local work
permit process and GI 2.100.

Type of Work Permit Required

Saudi Aramco (SA) certified work permit
receivers must request a permit from an SA-
certified issuer of the facility or project site prior
to executing any job requiring a work permit.

The issuer determines the correct permit(s) for

the job:

• Cold Work
• Hot Work
• Equipment Opening/Line Break
• Confined Space Entry

More than one permit may be required for

some jobs.

The issuer must verify that the receiver’s

certificate is valid and approved by the
proponent organization for the type of work
to be performed (i.e., cold work, hot work,
equipment opening/line break, confined space
entry, or a combination of these).
Work Permit Form — Section 1
“Work Description”
The issuer, designated representative, or receiver
must complete “Section 1 — Work Description.”

A. Specify the date and duration of the work.

B. Identify the plant or facility where the work

is to be performed.

C. Identify the exact work location, such as

the equipment or building number.

D. Work permits must identify the specific

work to be performed by the work crew at
the location specified on the form.

E. List the equipment to be used.

Work Permit Form — Section 2

“Hazard Identification & Control”
The work permit issuer (or designated
representative) must complete “Section 2 —
Hazard Identification & Control.”

The contents/items of Section 2 are different

for each of the four work permit types: COLD
WORK, HOT WORK, EQUIPMENT OPENING/LINE
BREAK, and CONFINED SPACE ENTRY.

A. Attach applicable checklists and forms

(completed or in use) to the work permit
that provide supplemental information
and/or approvals for the particular work
activity, including but not limited to job
 safety analysis (JSA), gas test records,
isolation plan, blind list, critical lift
plan, excavation checklist, or hydrotest
procedure/form. The titles of any additional
checklists or forms not listed on the
existing permit form should be added.

B. A confined space entry plan and

confined space entry log are mandatory
attachments for all confined space entry
permits.

C. Identify the types of energy that must be

controlled for the work to be performed
safely. Energy types include process or
utility lines containing hydrocarbon/
gas, high pressure steam or hazardous
chemicals; mechanical energy; electrical
energy sources; hydraulic or pneumatic
pressure; potential energy in the form
of gravity or spring loaded devices;
automated extinguishing systems (e.g.,
halon, CO2); and additional types of energy
not listed on the permit form.

D. Identify the method(s) of isolation that

will be used to control the types of energy
listed on the work permit. Isolation may
be performed by locking an electrical
switch/breaker, applying a mechanical
block, closing and locking a single block
valve, isolating a single block valve with a
corresponding open bleed valve, applying
double block and bleed (two valves closed
in series with a bleed valve in between),
 inserting a properly rated blind flange, or
disconnecting from the energy source.

E. Blinding or disconnect are the only

acceptable methods of isolation for
confined space entry.

F. Identify the potential exposures to workers.

Possible exposures include high noise
level, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), flammable
liquids/gases, hazardous/toxic chemicals,
radioactive materials, or high temperatures.
Potential exposures not listed on the
existing permit form should be added.

G. Specify the protective equipment necessary

for the workers and the job site. Protective
equipment may include personal H2S
monitors, flame resistant clothing (FRC),
goggles/face shield, chemical protective
suit or coveralls, fall protection equipment,
barricades and warning signs, or respiratory
protection. Any protective equipment or
additional respiratory protective equipment,
not included on the existing form, should
be listed under “Additional Precautions.”

H. Equipment opening/line break permits

involving flammable liquids/gases or toxic
materials require that the work permit
issuer (or designated representative)
verify on the work permit form that any
downwind activities (or operations) have
been notified.
I. Equipment opening/line break permits
involving flammable liquids/gases require
that the work permit issuer (or designated
representative) verify on the work permit
form that all ignition sources within 23 m
(75 ft) of the opening have been removed.

J. Any necessary fire protection methods

must be specified on the work permit
form. Fire protection may include fire
extinguishers, a fire monitor/hose, wetting
the area down around the job site, or using
fire barriers/shields.

K. Specify whether sewers and open drains

within 23 m (75 ft) of ignition sources
require covering or water seals.

L. Identify whether a standby man will be

used. The standby man’s badge number
must be listed on the work permit form.

M. Identify whether a fire watch is required.

The fire watch’s badge number must be
listed on the work permit form.

N. Confined space entry permits require the

confined space entry supervisor’s and
confined space entry standby man’s badge
numbers be entered on the permit form.

O. In the event of an emergency, the required

actions of the work crew must be listed on
the work permit form. This may include the
contact number to be called, the location
of the worker’s assembly area, etc.
After completion of Section 2 — “Hazard
Identification & Control,” the issuer must review
precautions and restrictions to control the
identified hazards with the receiver.

A joint site inspection must be conducted by

the issuer (or designated representative) and the
receiver to complete a job site hazard analysis,
perform necessary gas tests, and review the
work permit conditions. The individuals who
participate in the joint site inspection shall use
the Hazard Analysis Checklist on the back of
the work permit form to evaluate the conditions
of the job site and verify that Section 2 of the
work permit adequately identifies the hazards
and corresponding controls. Both parties shall
sign the Hazard Analysis Checklist to verify the
checklist is completed.

Work Permit Form — Section 3

“Gas Testing/Monitoring”
A certified gas tester must complete “Section
3 — Gas Testing/Monitoring,”enter his badge
number, and sign the form. The results of the
atmospheric gas tests must be recorded on the
work permit form. Gas testing is required prior
to beginning work and if the work permit is
renewed. If continual or periodic gas monitoring
is required, the frequency shall be specified on
the permit and a supplemental gas test record
shall be attached, as needed. The proponent
organization division head signature is required
in the event of certain atmospheric conditions
per GI 2.100.
Work Permit Form — Section 4
“Permit Authorization & Closure”
The issuer’s and receiver’s signatures plus
any other approvals and signatures shall be
provided in “Section 4 — Permit Authorization
& Closure.” These additional approvals or
signatures are required for extended permits,
certain atmospheric conditions identified during
the gas tests, or for higher risk activities as
required by the proponent organization’s local
work permit process.

If any additional operations or facilities will be

affected by the job site activities, the issuer shall
obtain the approval and countersignature of all
applicable organizations before issuing the work
permit. Countersigning organizations have the
option of conducting a joint site inspection with
the issuer and receiver.

The work permit must be maintained at the

job site for the duration of the job so that it
is available for inspection and cancellation if
necessary. The work permit receiver shall remain
at the job site at all times. If the receiver must
leave the immediate work area, the permit may
be given to another SA-certified permit receiver
who has been agreed to in advance with the
issuer and listed on the work permit.
Conducting a Joint Site Conducting a Joint Site Conducting a Joint Site
Inspection Inspection Inspection
Conducting a Joint Site

Evaluate
Checklist
Inspection

Responses

At Least One “NO” All Responses “YES” or

Response “N/A”
Conducting a Joint Site

Issuer Identifies Additional

Controls In Section 2 “Hazard
Inspection

ID and Control”

Issuer Initials “NO”

Response(s) on Hazard
Analysis Checklist

Issuer Obtains
Conducting a Joint Site

Countersignature(s)/Other
Approval if Required
Inspection

LEGEND
Process Decision Terminate
conducting a joint site inspection
A joint site inspection is conducted by the work
permit issuer (or designated representative) and
the receiver, to complete a job site hazard analysis,
perform necessary gas tests, and review the work
permit conditions.

A joint site inspection shall be conducted for

all work permits. It allows for the sharing of
information before commencing work. When
conducting a joint site inspection, the parties
involved must perform the following:

• Conduct applicable atmospheric gas tests

per GI 2.100 and GI 2.709 and record the
results on the permit form or supplemental
gas test record attached to the work permit.

• Conduct an assessment of the work

activity to be conducted (i.e., hazard
analysis), including individual job
steps, equipment, and the working
environment.

• Review the protective measures specified

by the applicable work permit(s) to verify
they are in place and address the hazards.

A hazard analysis is an assessment of work

activity conducted during the joint site inspection
before the work is started. This job site assessment
must be performed by the work permit issuer (or
designated representative) and the receiver.
The protective measures specified are reviewed to
verify they are in place and address the hazards.

At a minimum, one Hazard Analysis Checklist on

the back of an applicable permit form shall be
completed using the following considerations:

• Observe the work area and surroundings.

• Take action to control any hazards that

may be created because of the work
activity.

• Discuss experience/lessons learned when

performing the same work previously.

• The issuer (or designated representative)

and receiver should repeat the steps
of the hazard analysis whenever they
encounter an unexpected problem.

The work permit issuer (or designated

representative) and the work permit receiver
should answer “YES,” “NO,” or “N/A” (not
applicable) for each of the questions on the
Hazard Analysis Checklist:

1. Is the correct type of permit(s) issued for

the work?

2. Have the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and

other applicable supplementary forms been
communicated to the work crew?
 3.
Are weather conditions (e.g., wind speed)
acceptable for performing the work?

4.
Are slip and trip hazards controlled?

5.
Does the work crew have the correct tools
and equipment in good condition?

6.
Do personnel have the proper certifications
to perform the activity and/or operate the
equipment?

7.
Is the equipment’s inspection sticker valid?

8.
Have all requirements for working at
heights (i.e., fall protection) been applied?

9.
Is the scaffold tag completed correctly,
signed, and with a valid inspection date?

10.
Has the potential for contact with sharp
objects, rotating equipment, hot/cold
surfaces, or live electricity been eliminated?

11.
Is the system/equipment properly isolated?
Did all workers apply their personal locks?

12.
Has the system/equipment been
depressurized, drained, and/or purged
before opening it?

13.
Has the potential for releasing flammable
liquids and gases been controlled?
 Are all ignition sources eliminated or
14.
controlled?

Does the fire watch know how to use

15.
firefighting equipment and is it available?

Has the potential for exposures to high

16.
noise levels, H2S, hydrocarbons, asbestos,
hazardous chemicals, or radioactive
materials been controlled?

17.
Is the correct personal protective equipment
(PPE) available for use by personnel?

18.
If other work crews are nearby, have all
activities been discussed together (i.e.,
simultaneous operations [SIMOPS])?

19.
Is there an emergency contingency plan in
place to respond to the work being performed?

20.
Does the work crew know what to do in an
emergency, such as evacuations, emergency
equipment, and assembly areas?

Any hazards listed in the Hazard Analysis Checklist

that are not sufficiently addressed (i.e., answered
“NO”) shall initiate a “STOP” point where the issuer
and receiver analyze the hazard(s) and develop
control methods. The issuer and receiver shall list
any additional precautions on the work permit(s) in
“Section 2 — Hazard Identification and Control” and
discuss these with the work crew. Only then should
the issuer and receiver sign the work permit.
Performing Gas Tests Performing Gas Tests Performing Gas Tests
Performing Gas Tests

Evaluate Gas
Test Results

Results Outside Consult Gas Test Results within

Acceptable Information Acceptable
Limits Table Limits

Results within
Complete and Sign
Performing Gas Tests

STOP Do Not Issue Acceptable Limits but

Elevated Authorization Hazard Analysis
Permit
Required Checklist

Review Gas Test Information

Table and/or Local WP
Process for Additional
Authorization Requirements

Complete and Sign Hazard

Analysis Checklist
Performing Gas Tests

LEGEND
Process Decision Terminate
performing gas tests
Atmospheric gas testing shall be conducted with
Saudi Aramco (SA) approved gas monitoring
equipment in accordance with GI 2.709, Use of
Portable Gas Monitors, prior to initiating work.

Atmospheric gas testing is required at all

locations where injury to personnel or damage
to property could occur due to the presence of a
hazardous atmosphere. When required, tests for
hydrogen sulfide (H2S), oxygen concentration,
combustible gases, or any other toxic substances
(e.g., carbon monoxide) shall be performed
before issuing work permits. Gas testing of the
atmosphere in and around the work area should
be performed either continuously or periodically
during the work activities, as necessary.

Oxygen (O2) testing shall be conducted for:

• All confined space entry activities.

• All areas that have a potential for an

oxygen deficient (less than 20.0%)
or enriched (greater than 23.5%)
atmosphere.
Combustible gas testing (i.e., lower explosive
limit) shall be conducted for:

• All confined space entry activities.

• All hot work in restricted areas.

• All work locations where combustible

gases may be present.

Note: The lower explosive limit (LEL) is defined

as the lower vapor concentration boundary,
for a specific compound or material of interest,
at which the vapor-air mixture will propagate
a flame (i.e., explode) if ignited. When testing
for combustible gas using gas monitoring
instruments, the amount of combustible gas
present is specified in terms of % LEL. 0% LEL
being a combustible gas-free atmosphere and
100% LEL being an atmosphere in which the gas
is at its lower explosive limit.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas testing shall be

conducted for:

• All confined space entry activities where

H2S may be present.

• Jobs in areas where sour crude/

gas is produced, transported, stored,
or processed and where proponent
organizations determine that H2S gas
testing is necessary.
 • Jobs in close proximity to sewage
treatment plants and sewer lift stations.

• All work locations where H2S monitoring

is required for work or operational
purposes.

Carbon monoxide (CO) gas testing shall be

conducted for all confined space entry activities.

Only SA-approved gas monitoring equipment

and accessories shall be used. The equipment
manufacturer’s instruction manuals shall be
consulted and utilized where applicable when
operating, calibrating, or function testing
portable gas monitoring instruments.

Only personnel having a valid gas testing

certificate issued by SA Training & Development
and signed by the gas tester’s division head may
perform gas tests in support of work permit
activities. Gas testing personnel must be trained,
tested, and recertified every two years in the
correct use of gas testing equipment.

The following table indicates the acceptable

atmospheric work conditions and any necessary
PPE or approvals that are required based on the
gas test results of the job site.
 GAS TEST INFORMATION TABLE

Combustible Gases/Vapors Any reading above 0% LEL No hot work allowed

5% LEL – 10% LEL Breathing apparatus must be used

10% LEL or above No work (or confined space entry)

allowed 

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) 10 ppm or above Breathing apparatus must be used

10 ppm – 100 ppm Division head must sign the permit

100 ppm or above No work (or confined space entry)

allowed

Oxygen (O2) Less than 20.0% Breathing apparatus must be

used and division head must sign
the permit

Above 23.5% No work allowed

Carbon Monoxide (CO) 35 ppm – 1,000 ppm Breathing apparatus must be used

1,000 ppm or above No confined space entry allowed

Additional toxic gas testing should be conducted

for all work locations where other toxic gases
or vapors may be present. Examples of other
toxic gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur
dioxide (SO2), chlorine (Cl2), ammonia (NH3),
hydrogen chloride (HCI), and mercury vapor (Hg).
The Saudi Aramco Loss Prevention Department
should be consulted when questions arise
regarding other toxic gas testing.

Whenever testing of the atmosphere results in

a gas monitor alarm condition (see the table
above) work shall be stopped until proper
controls are implemented, which may include
establishing appropriate work procedures and
providing suitable PPE to the work crew.
Renewing or Closing Work Renewing or Closing Work Renewing or Closing Work
Permits Permits Permits
Renewing or Closing Work
Permits

Evaluate the Work Will Proceed:

Work Permit -Beyond Time Specified on Permit
for Renewal -For One Consecutive Shift<24 hrs.
Renewing or Closing Work

Renewal Required
Obtain Signature of
Work Is Completed Issuer & Receiver
Coming on Shift
Permits

During the Time

Specified on Permit

Notify Affected
Organizations That
Countersigned
Renewing or Closing Work

Close Permit on Work

Completion
Permits

LEGEND
Process Decision Terminate
renewing or closing work
permits
Renewed Work Permits
Work permits are normally issued for a single
operating shift (i.e., the issuer’s shift). Work
permits may be renewed for one consecutive
operating shift, regardless of the shift duration,
but the total permit duration cannot exceed 24
hours. A renewed work permit requires the
signatures of both the issuer and receiver coming
on shift, and the notification of all countersigning
organizations. When an individual signs the work
permit, it indicates complete agreement with the
conditions stated on the work permit form. Any
changes to the work scope, equipment used, job
site hazards, or precautions at the job site require
issuing new work permit(s).

Extended Work Permits

Work permits may be issued for a period greater
than two consecutive operating shifts, but not in
excess of 30 days. This extended duration applies
to prolonged construction or maintenance work
where the job site hazards and precautions
remain unchanged. An extended work permit
may be issued only under the following
conditions:

• It is highly unlikely that conditions will

develop at the job site that would create
an additional hazard to personnel, damage
to equipment or facilities, disruption in
operations, or harm to the environment.
 • Both the issuing organization’s division
head and the receiver organization’s
division head (and countersignature
organization’s division head, if applicable)
agree to the job conditions and control
measures to be used.

An extended work permit shall be signed by

the division head or above of the issuing and
receiving organizations.

Cancelling Work Permits

If a change occurs in the work activities or site
conditions that create an additional hazard to
personnel or risk to company equipment or
facilities, the work shall be stopped and the
work permit immediately cancelled. When work
is stopped the issuer must write on the permit
the reason why the work was cancelled, the
time, and other relevant information. The issuer
and receiver are responsible to take action to
correct the deficiencies. When all the deficiencies
have been corrected, a new work permit may be
issued.

If an emergency occurs, all work permits are

cancelled within the area affected by the
emergency condition and as specified by the
Incident Commander at the scene.

Closing Work Permits

After completion of the job or when the permit’s
duration has expired, the issuer (or designated
representative) shall conduct a joint site inspection
with the receiver to verify that the work area has
been left in a safe and secure condition before
the work permit can be closed.

Work permits shall be closed by both the issuer

and the receiver signing the work permit form. If
the remoteness of the job site makes signing the
work permit impractical, an alternative method
to close the work permit may be established.
This alternative method must be written on the
original work permit form when it is issued.
Cold Work Permits Cold Work Permits Cold Work Permits
Cold Work Permits Cold Work Permits Cold Work Permits
cold work permits
Cold work is defined as any activity that will not
produce sufficient energy to ignite flammable
atmospheres or combustible materials. Examples
of cold work may include:

• Removing or disturbing of asbestos-

containing material (ACM).

• Erecting or dismantling a scaffold.

• Painting with a brush.

• Excavating by hand.

• Installing shoring.

• Using hand tools that have no electrical

power or produce a spark.

• Repairing a packing gland on a pump.

Cold work can still involve hazards that must

be evaluated during the joint site inspection.
These work activities may require the issuer
(or designated representative) to conduct
atmospheric gas tests. Workers on the job
site may be required to use specific personal
protective equipment (PPE), erect barricades
and warning signs, and follow any special work
procedures.
Hot Work Permits Hot Work Permits Hot Work Permits
 HOT WORK PERMIT
Hot Work Permits

Saudi Aramco -9242 (04/15) Front No. B

Complete this form in English and write clearly. Use ink pen, not pencil.

Section 1 – Work Description

Month ..................................... Day ........................................ Year ....................................... Duration .................................
A. Identify plant/facility area: ………………...............................….............................................................................................................
B. Exact work location: ………………...............................….........................................................................................................................
C. Work to be done: ………………...............................…..............................................................................................................................
D. Equipment to be used at the site: ………………...............................…................................................................................................

STOP WORK if job site does not meet work permit conditions and any applicable Saudi Aramco safety and health requirements at any time.

Section 2 – Hazard Identification & Control

A. Identify and attach any supplementary forms required to perform/control the work:
Job Safety Analysis Gas test records Isolation plan Blind list Critical Lift Plan
Excavation Checklist Hydrotest procedure(s) Other ……………….…..…… Other ……….….….…………
B. Energy Types:
Hydrocarbon/gas/steam/chemicals Mechanical Electrical Hydraulic/pneumatic
Potential energy (spring loaded, gravity) Automated extinguishing systems Other ……………………………
C. Isolation Method(s):
Locked switch/breaker Mechanical block Block valve Single block & bleed
Double block & bleed Blinding Disconnect
D. Potential Exposures:
Hot Work Permits

High noise level Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Flammable liquids/gases Hazardous/toxic materials
Radioactive materials Temperature Other …………………………… Other ……………………………
E. Protective Equipment:
Personal H2S monitor FRC Goggles/face shield Chemical suit/coveralls Fall protection
Barricades/warning signs Respiratory protection (Explain further in Additional Safety Precautions below)
F. Fire Protection Methods:
Fire extinguisher Fire monitor/hose Area wetted Fire barriers/shields
G. Cover/water seal all sewers within 23 m (75 ft) of the Hot Work area
H. Standby Man needed Badge No. ……………..…............ Fire Watch needed Badge No. ……………..…............
I. List any Additional Safety Precautions: …………………………………………....………………………………….……………….
…………………………………………....………..................................................................………………………….……………….

IN AN EMERGENCY:

Section 3 – Gas Testing/Monitoring

Periodic monitoring required: Yes No If yes, attach a supplemental form. Gas testing frequency: ...........................................
ONLY CERTIFIED GAS TESTERS PERFORM GAS TESTS

LEL (%) H2S (ppm) O2 (%) Other gases (name/value) Badge No. Signature

Initial Test

Renewed

Section 4 – Permit Authorization & Closure

Hot Work Permits

Additional approvals per GI 2.100 or local instructions:

Signature: ............................................... Position: ................................................ Date: ........................... Time: ...........................

Receiver Org.: Issuer Org.: Countersignature(s) if applicable

PERMIT Badge No. Cert. No. Signature Badge No. Cert. No. Signature Org. Signature

Open

This permit is renewed Date: Duration:

Countersigner(s) notified of permit renewal
Renewed

This permit is closed Date: Time:

I HAVE INSPECTED THE WORK SITE AND CONFIRM THAT IT HAS BEEN RETURNED TO A SAFE CONDITION.

Closed
hot work permits
Hot work is defined as any activity that may
develop sparks, flames, or heat sufficient to
cause ignition. Examples of hot work include
using:

• Open flames, welding, or torch cutting.

• Spark-producing tools or equipment.

• Abrasive blasting.

• Internal combustion engines in restricted

areas.

• Work on or in close proximity to live

electrical apparatus.

• Devices not rated for the electrical

classification of the area.

When work permits are required, hot work

permits control work activities that may produce
enough energy to ignite flammable atmospheres
or combustible materials.

When performing hot work in hydrocarbon

facilities, all sewers and drains within 23 m
(75 ft) of the ignition source(s) must be covered
or water sealed to prevent the escape of
flammable/combustible vapors or gases.

When conducting hot work activities in restricted

areas, a SA-certified gas tester must verify that
the atmosphere is not above 0% lower explosive
limit (LEL).

When performing hot work, fire protection

equipment (e.g., fire extinguishers) must be
available for the workers to access. If the hot
work activities involve cutting, welding, or open
flame, a fire watch shall remain in the area for
no less than 30 minutes after the hot work is
finished.

Any combustible material around the work area

must be protected against sparks, welding slag,
or heat by the use of fireproof material or by
wetting down the area. If work activities involve
any open fires or open burning of materials,
workers must receive authorization from the SA
Fire Protection Department before beginning the
work.
Equipment Opening/Line Equipment Opening/Line Equipment Opening/Line
Break Permits Break Permits Break Permits
Equipment Opening/Line Equipment Opening/Line Equipment Opening/Line
Break Permits Break Permits Break Permits
equipment opening/line break
permits
Equipment opening/line break is defined as any
activity associated with the initial opening of
equipment, vessels, or piping that is part of a
closed system and contains (or has the potential
to contain) flammable, combustible, toxic, or
injurious materials (e.g., high-pressure steam).

Examples of activities that require an Equipment

Opening/Line Break Permit include:

• Opening oil or gas lines or systems.

• Opening steam and condensate lines or

systems.

• Opening lines or systems containing H2S.

• Opening lines or systems containing

nitrogen (N2).

• Opening lines or systems containing

a hazardous material (e.g., caustic or
sulfuric acid).

It is important to remember that prior to opening

equipment or breaking open a line, energy
sources must be controlled and all associated
systems shall be isolated in accordance with GI
6.012, Isolation, Lockout and Use of Hold Tags.
Specific precautions must be followed when
issuing equipment opening/line break permits.
These include the following:

A. Removing all ignition sources within 23

m (75 ft) of the point of opening during
the initial opening/line break of any
equipment, vessel, or piping in flammable
liquid or gas service. This may include
suspending all hot work permits adjacent
to the area where the equipment opening/
line break will occur until it is verified that
no flammable or combustible material is
present.

B. Notifying activities downwind of the

equipment opening/line break when there
is a potential release of flammable or toxic
materials.

C. Designating a fire watch and/or standby

man to initiate proper emergency response
in the event of a release.

D. Assuming the line is pressurized when

unbolting any flange connection. The
bolts must be loosened so that cracking
the flange connection occurs at the “5
o’clock” position (down and away from
the person performing the work) to
allow any potential liquids or gases to be
released away from workers.

E. Using PPE (including respiratory protection)

appropriate for the hazards associated
 with the material contained within the
equipment/vessel/pipe. Workers should
refer to the company’s Chemical Hazard
Bulletin (CHB) or the manufacturer’s
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for
additional information.

Opening systems that contain (or have the

potential to contain) H2S requires personnel to
prepare an equipment opening/line break permit
that includes the following precautions:

A. Gas testing of the system using calibrated

monitoring equipment prior to opening
and continuously during the equipment
opening/line break, as necessary.

B. Use of personal H2S monitors by workers

involved with the opening activity.

C. An available standby man who is trained in

the hazards and effects of H2S exposure.

D. Notification of workers in the immediate

area before work begins, including the
posting of warning signs and/or barricades.

E. Emergency actions to take in the event of

an H2S release. This includes identifying
a preplanned escape route and assembly
areas for all workers.
 F. During the initial opening/line break of
any equipment, vessel, or piping, the use
of respiratory protection equipment (i.e.,
SCBA or air-line respirator) is required.
Continuous use of respiratory protection
equipment will be determined by the
results of the atmospheric testing after the
initial break.

G. If atmospheric testing indicates H2S levels

at or above 10 ppm, the use of the “buddy
system” is required.

H. Additional precautions and requirements

may be specified by the work permit issuer.

Atmospheric gas testing shall also be conducted

after the initial opening/line break of any
equipment, vessel, or piping in flammable or
toxic service to verify that the atmosphere is safe
before continuing work activities. Workers must
continue to use the proper type of respiratory
protection until the atmospheric conditions are
acceptable.
Confined Space Entry Permits Confined Space Entry Permits Confined Space Entry Permits
Confined Space Entry Permits Confined Space Entry Permits Confined Space Entry Permits
confined space entry permits
Confined space entry is defined as the entrance
of any part of the body into a space that meets
the criteria for a confined space. Entry includes
all periods of time when the confined space is
occupied.

A confined space is any space that:

• Has limited or restricted means of entry or

exit.

• Is not designed for human occupancy.

• Contains or has the potential to contain a

hazardous atmosphere.

• Contains any other recognized serious

safety or health hazard(s).

Examples of confined spaces include tanks,

vessels, vessel skirts, vaults, manholes, sewers,
valve boxes, lift stations, and structures or
excavations 1.2 m (4 ft) deep or deeper. Areas
above floating roof tanks where the top of the
roof is more than 1.2 m (4 ft) below the rim of
the tank are also considered confined spaces.

A confined space entry permit shall be issued

in accordance with GI 2.100 prior to entry into
all confined spaces. This includes entry into
confined spaces performed by personnel from
an SA proponent department/organization (e.g.,
plant operations, inspection, and engineering).
If a proponent representative is entering a
confined space, the permit shall be issued to
an SA-certified work permit receiver from the
proponent department/organization.

Each confined space entry requires:

A. A confined space entry supervisor

(CSES) that has been designated by the
work permit issuer. (The CSES may be the
work permit issuer.) The CSES is responsible
for directing all aspects of the entry. The
CSES’s badge number must be identified
on the permit form.

B. A confined space entry standby man

that has been assigned by the CSES at
each entry point of the space. The standby
man shall continuously monitor the entry
while personnel (entrants) are inside the
confined space. The standby man shall
maintain a confined space entry log and a
continuous count of entrants. The confined
space entry standby man’s badge number
must be identified on the permit form.

C. A confined space entry log to be

attached to the permit form.

D. A confined space entry plan to be

developed and attached to the permit
form. See the following for details on the
confined space entry plan.
The designated confined space entry standby
man shall never attempt entry into the confined
space and shall remain at the entry point until
relieved by another qualified standby man or
until all entrants have exited the confined space.

When entering a confined space, a cold or hot

work permit may also be required depending
on the type of work to be performed within the
confined space. Entry into a confined space to
perform activities such as visual inspection or gas
testing does not require an additional work permit.

Confined Space Entry Plan

Prior to entry into a confined space a confined
space entry plan must be developed for the
specific confined space to be entered and made
available for review by personnel involved in the
entry. This plan must include:

A. A hazard evaluation of the unique confined

space and area adjacent to the entry.

B. Each isolation point of the space and the

method used to isolate. All equipment,
sources of energy (electrical, mechanical,
hydraulic, chemical, pneumatic, etc.) and
hazardous materials shall be isolated.
For process or utility piping connections,
blinding or disconnection shall be the
only acceptable methods of isolation.

C. Any procedures used for flushing, purging,

and/or ventilating the space to eliminate or
control atmospheric hazards.
D. Access/egress (entry/exit) requirements,
including necessary barricades and warning
signs to prevent entry by unauthorized
personnel. Designated entry points for the
confined space must not be blocked or
obstructed with equipment while entrants
are inside the space.

E. The atmospheric monitoring that will be

performed prior to and during the entry
(if necessary). Atmospheric monitoring
requirements must address:

• The frequency that the space will be

tested (this must be recorded on the
work permit). Atmospheric gas tests
shall be performed and immediately
recorded prior to entry, after breaks
or other interruptions in the work,
if there is any reason to believe that
conditions inside the space have
changed, and at periodic intervals
(e.g., every 60 minutes), as necessary,
to determine whether acceptable
conditions are being maintained.

• The type of work activity inside the

space that may require continuous
monitoring.

• The types of gases/hazardous

materials that will be tested/
monitored. Gas testing within
confined spaces shall include, but
not be limited to, testing for oxygen
 (O2), lower explosive limit (LEL),
toxic gases (e.g., H2S), and carbon
monoxide (CO).

• Gas testing prior to entry performed

with all mechanical ventilation shut
down at least 15 minutes prior to
the test. Any additional gas testing
(e.g., after breaks) will be conducted
with the ventilation system turned
on to ensure that contaminants
are being removed and that the
ventilation system is not a source of
contamination.

• Only SA-certified gas testers may

conduct gas tests in support of work
permit activities.

F. Any equipment (e.g., scaffolding, air

movers, communication and rescue
equipment) that is required to support
the entry. If personnel may fall more than
1.8 m (6 ft) when working inside the
confined space, a fall protection plan and
equipment must be specified.

G. Any personal protective equipment

(PPE) that entrants must wear and use
(e.g., flame resistant clothing [FRC],
hard hat, safety glasses/goggles, safety
shoes, respiratory protective equipment,
appropriate gloves, protective coveralls).
 H. Identification of any potential hazards that
could develop when employees of more
than one maintenance crew or contractor
are working simultaneously as authorized
entrants in the confined space.

I. Emergency response/rescue procedures

including identification of the rescue
equipment and rescue team that will be
available in the event of an emergency
requiring evacuation of the confined
space.

Personnel conducting confined space entry

activities should review the requirements of the
online SA Construction Safety Manual, Volume II,
Chapter 1-6, “Confined Spaces,” for additional
precautions and training requirements.
 References
GI 2.100, Work Permit System
GI 2.709, Use of Portable Gas Monitors
GI 6.012, Isolation, Lockout and Use of Hold Tags
Saudi Aramco (online) Construction Safety Manual
Saudi Aramco Safety Handbook
© Copyright 2015, Saudi Aramco. All rights reserved.