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Calendario Judeu2 PDF
Calendario Judeu2 PDF
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Lunisolar calendars use months to approximate the tropical year. Examples are
the Jewish and Chinese calendars. Since 12 months are about 11 days shorter
than the tropical year, a leap month (also called intercalary month) is inserted
about every third year to keep the calendar in tune with the seasons. The big
question is how to do this. A simple method is to just base it on nature. In
ancient Israel, the religious leaders would determine the date for Passover each
spring by seeing if the roads were dry enough for the pilgrims and if the lambs
were ready for slaughter. If not, they would add one more month. An aboriginal
tribe in Taiwan would go out to sea with lanterns near the new moon at the
beginning of spring. If the migrating flying fish appeared, there would be fish
for New Year's reunion dinner. If not, they would try their luck next month.
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History & info - the Jewish calendar file:///D:/Arqword/Pesquisas/calendar-jewish.html
The month Adar I is only present in leap years. In non-leap years Adar II is
simply called "Adar."
Note that in a regular year the numbers 30 and 29 alternate; a complete year is
created by adding a day to Heshvan, whereas a deficient year is created by
removing a day from Kislev.
The alteration of 30 and 29 ensures that when the year starts with a new moon,
so does each month.
The value for year in this formula is the 'Anno Mundi' described below.
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History & info - the Jewish calendar file:///D:/Arqword/Pesquisas/calendar-jewish.html
Sunset marks the start of the 12 night hours, whereas sunrise marks the start of
the 12 day hours. This means that night hours may be longer or shorter than
day hours, depending on the season.
The new year starts on the day of the new moon that occurs about 354 days
(or 384 days if the previous year was a leap year) after 1 Tishri of the previous
year.
If the new moon occurs after noon on that day, delay the new year by one day.
(Because in that case the new crescent moon will not be visible until the next
day.)
If this would cause the new year to start on a Sunday, Wednesday, or Friday,
delay it by one day. (Because we want to avoid that Yom Kippur (10 Tishri)
falls on a Friday or Sunday, and that Hoshanah Rabba (21 Tishri) falls on a
Sabbath (Saturday)).
If two consecutive years start 356 days apart (an illegal year length), delay the
start of the first year by two days.
If two consecutive years start 382 days apart (an illegal year length), delay the
start of the second year by one day.
Note: Rule 4 can only come into play if the first year was supposed to start on a
Tuesday. Therefore a two day delay is used rather that a one day delay, as the year
must not start on a Wednesday as stated in rule 3.
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History & info - the Jewish calendar file:///D:/Arqword/Pesquisas/calendar-jewish.html
The new moon that started the year AM 1, occurred 5 hours and 204 parts after
sunset (i.e. just before midnight on Julian date 6 October 3761 B.C.E.).
The new moon of any particular year is calculated by extrapolating from this time,
using a synodic month of 29 days 12 hours and 793 parts.
Note that 18:00 Jerusalem time (15:39 UTC) is used instead of sunset in all these
calculations.
In the year C.E. 1998 we have witnessed the start of Jewish year AM 5759.
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