ROQUE, ELCIED L.

BSBA HR 2B

PROF. JOVEN ABLOLA MODULE 4

BUSINESS LAW
1. What are the 2 classification of obligations?

 A pure obligation is one that is not subject to any terms or conditions that
might prevent it from being fulfilled.

 A conditional obligation is one whose results are in some way dependent

on the satisfaction of a condition.

2. What are the 2 characteristics of obligation?

-Acceptance and termination of the Obligation are its two fundamental

qualities.

3. When obligation is demandable at once?

 Timely performance cannot be required since the debtor's decision

determines when to make payments rather than the payment itself. The
creditor has the right to request that the court fix the due date for
payment in court. In this case, the creditor is asking the court to set a
payment deadline rather than making a money demand. The date that the
court specifies is when the obligation becomes demandable.

4. Distinguish suspension and resolutary conditions.

 A suspensive circumstance is an occurrence that delays the obligation's
formation. Once the condition is satisfied, the obligation takes effect.
Except as otherwise agreed by the parties, there is no effect on the past.
 A resolutive situation is an occurrence that calls the commitment to an
end. Once the prerequisite is met, the obligation is discharged. It does not
apply backwards, unless the parties so agree. A requirement must be
both doable and acceptable.

5. When the condition and obligation are valid?

 If the condition depends only on the creditor's will, the obligation is

legitimate. If the condition is resolutary in nature, the obligation is valid
even if it is dependent on the debtor's sole will (for instance, I will pay you
my debt on demand.)
6. What are the 2 impossible conditions?

 Conditions that violate the law, morals, good traditions, public order, or
public policy are known as legally impossible conditions. Physically
impossible conditions are those that are either impossible to achieve or
impossible to occur.

7. What are the 2 kinds of loss in Civil Law?

 Legal loss – decrease in a person's physical, emotional, legal, or

pecuniary situation.
 Civil loss –As a matter of fact or law, when something vanishes as if it
were unknown or was known, it cannot be regained.

8. Mentioned 2 kind of obligations according to the person obliged.

 Unilateral. — when both parties are mutually bound to each other.

 Bilateral. — when the obligations of both parties are mutual.

9. Differentiate joint and solidary obligations.

 Joint obligations are those in which the total obligation is to be fulfilled,

paid, or requested proportionately by several debtors and creditors. This
is the assumed solidarity in all collective commitments unless it is
expressly stated otherwise.
 Solidary Obligation, on the other hand, is when each debtor is obligated
to pay and/or when each creditor has the authority to demand that each
debtor fully complies with the prestation.

10. Explain the effect of novation, compensation and confusion or rescission

when the obligation is joint and solidary.

 The other solidary obligors are released if the obligee and one of the
obligors in a solidary obligation novate. The solidary obligors must all
consent to the new obligation if the obligee wants to keep them all
bound. Any novation, compensation, confusion, or remission of the debt
made by any of the solidary creditors or with any of the solidary debtors
shall cancel the obligation, without affecting the obligations of article 1219.