English - Compendium - 10th (Term-2) PDF

CBSE Compendium
English
Class-X (Term-2)
CONTENTS
Chapter Page
No.
Topic No.
CBSE COMPENDIUM
Section A (Reading)
1. Passages 1
Section B (Writing)
1. Analatycal Paragraph Writing 7
2. Letter Writing 10
Section C
(Integrated Grammar Exercises)
1. Gap Filling 14
2. Editing 18
E NGLISH
3. Omission 22
4. Sentence Transformation 28
Section D (Literature)
First Flight
1. Glimpses of India 34
Part-1 : A Baker from Goa 34
Part-2 : Coorg 35
Part-3 : Tea from Assam 36
2. Madam Rides The Bus 37
3. The Ser mon at Benares 40
4. The Proposal 42
5. Amanda 45
6. Animals 46
7. The Tale of Custard the Dragon 47
Footprints Without Feet
8. The Making of a Scientist 49
9. The Necklace 51
10. The Hack Driver 53
11. Bholi 55
English
ALLEN
SECTION A – READING
PASSAGE-1
Read the passage given below carefully. (5 Marks)
Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender. It occurs whenever there is a
change of national currency. The current form or forms of money-is pulled from circulation and retired, often
to be replaced with new notes or coins.
Sometimes, a country completely replaces the old currency with new currency. In 2016, the Indian government
decided to demonetize the 500 and 1000 rupee notes, the two biggest denominations in its currency sysetem;
these notes accounted for 86% of the country's circulating cash. With little warning, India's Prime Minister
Narendra Modi announced to the citizenry on Nov. 8 that those notes were worthless, effective immediately -
and they had until the end of the year to deposit or exchange them for newly introduced 2000 rupee and 500
rupee hills.
The government's goal was to combat India's thriving underground economy on several fronts: eradicate counterfeit
currency, fight tax evasion (only 1% of the popualtion pays taxes), eliminate black money gotten from money
laundering and terrorist-financing activities, and to promote a cashless economy. Individuals and entities with
huge sums of black money gotton from parallel cash systems were forced to take their large-denomination
notes to a bank, which was by law required to acquire tax information on them. If the owner could not provide
proof of making any tax payments on the cash, a penalty of 200% of the owed amount was imposed.
Soon after the announcement, people rushed to buy gold, a demand that drove prices up, in some cases even
to a 60% premium. The government emphasised the need to furnish PAN (Indian Permanent Account Number)
card details on purchases for accountability purposes, and many jewelry shops that were flouting the norms
came under crackdown.
Many Indians switched to alternative payments avenues. The biggest gainers were mobile wallet companies
that offer ease of transactions through a large network of partners. Alibaba-backed Paytm saw a sevenfold
increase in overall traffic. Prepaid cash cards were another option that customers found useful, and that meant
good news for companies like ItzCAsh. Other alternatives include mobile payments systems linked to e-commerce
businesses like Ola Money, FreeCharge, Flipkart Wallet.
On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer ANY FIVE from the six questions given
below.
(i) What do you mean by demonetization?
CBSE-2022\Module\CBSE COMPENDIUM\English\COMPENDIUM.p65
(ii) When did the government demonetize the 500 and 1000 rupee notes?
(iii) What announcement did Prime Minister Narendra Modi make on Nov. 8?
(iv) What did the government want to accomplish by the demonetization?
(v) When was a penalty of 200% imposed?
(vi) Expand PAN.
Ans. (i) Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender.
(ii) The government demonetized the 500-and 1000-rupee notes on Nov. 8,2016.
(iii) Prime Minister Modi announced that the 500- and 1000- rupee notes were worthless, effective immediately
- and that the Indian citizenry had until the end of the year to deposit or exchange them for newly introduced
2000 rupee and 500 rupee bills.
1
CBSE : Class X ALLEN
(iv) The government wanted to eradicate counterfeit currency, fight tax evasion, eliminate black money gotten
from money laundering and terrorist-financing activities, and to promote a cashless economy.
(v) A penalty of 200% of the owed amount was imposed if the owner could not provide proof of making any
tax payments on the cash deposited.
(vi) PAN stands for 'Permanent Account Number.
PASSAGE-2
How can you best improve your English depends on where you live, and particularly on, whether or not you live
in an English speaking community. If you hear English spoken everyday and mix freely with English speaking
people, that is, on the whole an advantage.
On the other hand, it is often confusing to have the whole language poured over you at once. Ideally, a step-by-
step course should accompany or lead up to this experience. It will also help a great deal if you can easily get
the sort of English books in which you are interested.
To read a lot is essential. It is stupid not to venture outside the examination 'set books' or the text books you
have chosen for intensive study. Read as many books in English as you can, not as study but for pleasure. Do
not choose the most difficult books you find with the idea of listing and learning as many new words as possible.
Choose what is likely to interest you and be sure in advance that it is not too hard. You should not have to be
constantly looking up new words in the dictionary, for that deadens interest and checks real learning. Look up
a word here and there but as a general policy try to push ahead, guessing what words mean from the context.
It is extensive and not intensive reading that normally helps you to get interested in extra reading and thereby
improve your English.
You should enjoy the feeling which extensive reading gives of having some command of the language. As you
read, you will become more and more familiar with words and sentence patterns you already know; understanding
them better and better as you meet them in more and more contexts, some of which may differ only slightly
from others.
below.
(i) When can you learn English faster?
(ii) What does the author recommend in learning English?
(iii) What does the author recommend for improving English?
(iv) How can reading help us to learn English?
(v) Which factors does learning and improving English depend on?
(vi) What is essential to learn English?

Ans. (i) English can be learnt faster if you live in an english speaking community.
(ii) The author recommends that the whole language shouldn't be taught in one go, but it should be accompanied
by step-by-step course.
(iii) The author recommends extensive reading and not intensive reading for improving English.
(iv) Reading increases our familiarity with words and sentence patterns already known. It develops our
understanding words and sentence patterns is various contexts.
(v) Learning and improving English depends on English speaking environment or community.
(vi) It is essential to read a lot of book for pleasure.
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English
ALLEN
PASSAGE-3
All of us do some kind of work to ward off starvation or to gain sufficient material wealth with a view to
maintaining the standard of living which our physical and intellectual power have helped us to reach. But there
is another kind of work which is completely divorced from the burdensome process of our livelihood and which
is undertaken for the sake of amusement or interest or the direction of our surplus stores of energy in some new
and useful channels of refined tastes. This delightful occupation combining work with pleasure or hobby, as it is
properly termed, calls for the application of our highest faculties and gives proper form to our healthy instincts,
purposeful habits and disciplined behaviour. In our carefree and vacant hours, it allows these faculties to
perform their natural functions and to display their instinctive greatness. We devote our leisure to the pursuit of
this pleasant task and derive advantages which compares favourably with those we obtain from the bread-
earning routine of our daily life. Hobbies widen the sphere of our cultural activities, give refinement to our
tastes and show us the path that leads to our systematic mental and moral development. Our tendencies and
inclinations also find in them an outlet for a healthy and progressive expression.
A hobby is a favourite subject or occupation that is not one's main business. In this age of machinery which has
taken upon itself most of the laborious duties of physical exertion formally performed by man, than creating for
him pleasant intervals of rest and leisure, it should not be difficult for him to devote some time to the pursuit of
a new interest that can add some charm, colour or zest to his life. The spare time must not be fritted away in
idleness or spent on such work as overtaxes one's mind and body after one has performed one's normal
functions for the day. The occupation, banishes the drabness of routine work and produces a feeling that life is
both charming and meaningful.
The choice of hobbies, like the choice of books, purposes of reading, is not an easy task. Some hobbies demand
a little guidance from experienced persons. Our sudden attachment to them without the backing of this preliminary
knowledge may result in wasting of our resources of time and money, and in the end compel us to abandon
them. Some hobbies are rather expensive, and therefore beyond the means of ordinary people who can ill-
afford to spend large sum of money on them. Also a few are incompatible with our temperament and taste. We
must not, therefore, allow the glamour of certain hobbies to blind us to their reality, however tempting they
may appear to us, nor should we begin to cherish them thoughtlessly because we find other people so devotedly
attached to them. In the first flush of enthusiasm many have rushed into unsuitable hobbies only to find themselves
turning away from them in a state of great disillusionment. In a few rare and exceptional cases a sudden and
instinctive choice of some hobbies sometimes prove to be the right one. We must not, however, forget that
tinkering with a hobby is a joyless and wasteful process, unattended by any appreciable gains. Scattered
interest in half a dozen or more odd hobbies is also not a desirable end.
below.
(i) What is a hobby?

(ii) What are the advantages of hobbies?
(iii) Why does one have to be very careful in selecting a hobby?
(iv) Why do certain hobbies require a little guidance from experienced persons?
(v) In what way does a hobby refine our taste?
(vi) Is sudden and instinctive choice of some hobby right or wrong? How?
Ans. (i) Hobby is a favourite subject or occupation that is not one's main business.
(ii) It calls for the application of our highest faculties and gives proper form to our healthy instincts, purposeful
habits and disciplined behaviour. In our carefree and vacant hours it allows these faculties to perform their
natural functions and to display their instinctive greatness.
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(iii) The choice of hobbies, like the choice of books, purposes of reading, is not an easy task. Some hobbies
demand a little guidance from experienced persons. Our sudden attachment to them without the backing
of this preliminary knowledge may result in wasting of our time and money.
(iv) Sudden attachment to some hobbies without preliminary knowledge may result in wasting of our resources
of time and money, and in the end compel us to abandon them.
(v) Hobbies widen the sphere of our cultural activities, give refinement to our tastes and show us the path that
leads to our systematic mental and moral development.
(vi) A sudden and instinctve choice of some hobbies sometimes prove to be the right one. However, tinkering
with a hobby is a joyless and wasteful process, unattended by any appreciable gains.
PASSAGE-4
An Allergy Alert at the Start of Summer
Like all bad news and the common cold, allergies can pop up when you least expect them. I've been there,
having suddenly developed an allergy to crocin (paracetamol) some years ago after having it all my life to treat
everything from headaches to fever and toothache.
A seafood-loving friend found himself unable to breath after having Thai food for dinner. A battery of expensive
tests later, he was told the chest tightness was not caused by a heart attack but by an allergy to shellfish,
something he ate once a week and had never reacted to before.
A stuffed or drippy nose, frequent sneezing, an itchy throat, rash, sinus, ear pain, difficulty in breathing,
stomach cramps and itchy, red or watery eyes are some of the common symptoms of an allergic reaction.
Pollen, dust, polluted outdoor air and indoor pollutants such as dust mites, animal dander, cigarette smoke and
mould are among the common environmental pollutants, while other triggers include medicines, paint and
chemicals in cleaners and cosihetics such as hair colour and skin creams. Among foods, eight allergens account
for almost 90% of food allergies: milk, soy, wheat, egg, peanut, tree nuts, fish, and shellfish.
Most of us wrongly believe that people with allergies are either born with condition or develop identifiable
symptoms in early childhood. You couldn't be more wrong. An allergy can occur at any time in your life and
experts say its prevalence among adults is rising. While most people who develop allergies as adults have
experienced some allergic reaction—either to the same or an unrelated trigger before—a few have no history
of sensitivity.
In an acute immune reaction, the allergy trigger may be one, but the symptoms are/is usually caused by a
combination of factors. Stress, a sterile environment that prevents the body from developing robust natural
immunity and lifestyle-induced changes in the body's hormonal balance are thought to be some triggers. This is
borne out by clinical evidence that shows that women are more likely to develop allergies at puberty, after
pregnancy and at menopause, all of which point to hormonal causes.

Of course, avoiding the allergy trigger and taking an anti-allergy as soon as you can after exposure to an
allergen is the best possible protection. Since pollen levels generally peak in the morning- people with airway
sensitivity and asthma should postpone outdoor exercises to later in the day or stick to exercising indoors as
deeper and more rapid breathing induced by aerobic exercise causes more pollen and dust being inhaled,
which can wreck your airways and lungs. Since air pollutants tend to cling to clothes and hair, changing your
clothes when you come home or washing your hair before going to bed lowers exposure.
Allergies in adults can be treated using some anti-allergic medicines. For those who do not respond to the
standard treatment, there's always the option of a series of allergy shots to help the immune system to build up
a tolerance to the allergy. In most cases, though, identifying and avoiding the allergen is enough to stay free of
trouble.
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English
ALLEN
below.
(i) What are the common symptoms of an allergic reaction?
(ii) What are among the common environmental pollutants?
(iii) What is an acute immune reaction?
(iv) How can you prevent/treat yourself from getting allergies?
(v) When can an allergy occur?
(vi) When are women more likely to develop allergies?
Ans. (i) Some of the common symptoms of an allergic reaction are: a stuffed or dripping nose, frequent sneezing,
an itchy throat, rash sinus, ear pain; difficulty in breathing, stomach cramps and itchy, red or water eyes.
(ii) Common environmental pollutants are: pollen dust, polluen outdoor air and indoor pollutants such as dust
mites, animal dander, cigarette smoke and mould.
(iii) An acute immune reaction is caused by a combination of factors, though the allergy trigger may be one. For
example:
Stress, lifestyle induced changes, hormonal changes, etc. are thought to be some triggers.
(iv) Avoiding the allergy trigger and taking an anti-allergy medicine as soon as there is exposure to an allergen
is the best possible protection.
(v) An allergy can occur at any time in our life.
(vi) Women are more likely to develop allergies at puberty, after pregnancy and at menopause.
PASSAGE-5
Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of time remove
of, however, the numbers are erased from the memory. How did the information get there in the first place?
Information that makes its way to the short-term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain
has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as the
working memory.
There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short- term memory. The most accepted theory
comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately
seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name
rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short-
term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can
optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long-term storage.
When making a conscious effort to memorise something, such as information for an exam, many people
engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive.
Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a
person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are not
handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the
dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number
instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short-term to long- term
memory. A better way is to practise "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece
of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long-term memories.
5
Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by
recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long-term memory and used
often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The more
cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice
tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorisation.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer ANY FIVE out of the six questions.
(i) According to the passage, how do memories get transferred to the STM?
(ii) Where can memory be stored?
(iii) What is rote rehearsal? Is it useful?
(iv) How can a lost memory be retrieved?
(v) What is 'remove of rehearsal?
(vi) What is an efficient way to pass information from the short-term to long-term memory and how is it
efficient?
Ans. (i) They are filtered from the sensory storage area.
(ii) Memory can be stored in the short-term memory, long-term memory, and sensory storage area.
(iii) When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people
engage in rote rehearsal. By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive.
Unfortunately this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a
person stops rehearsal the information, it has the tendency to disappear.
(iv) A lost memory can be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more
likely a memory can be retrieved.
(v) It is assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing
long- term memories.
(vi) Elaborate rehearsal' is an efficient way to pass information from the short-term to long-term memory. This
involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-
existing long-term memories.
6
English
ALLEN
SECTION B – WRITING
ANALYTICAL PARAGRAPH WRITING
1. Study the chart given below, which is the result of the survey conducted in the public schools and government
schools of Vadodara. This depicts the types of activities the teenagers (Age 13- 19 years are involved during
their leisure time). Write an analytical paragraph in not more than 120 words.
Teenagers and leisure time

Now a days the teenagers are more techno-savvy than the children used to be ten years back. They do not play
games like Ludo, Carrom, Chess and other indoor games. 9-18 % of boys and girls in the age group of 13-19
years possess their own cell phones. In the survey conducted recently on some 2000 students of two leading
schools- one government and the other a public school, the following facts were revealed. While the students
from public schools spend more of their leisure time in net-surfing and talking on cell phones, the government
school students spend it in watching TV and talking to their friends.
2. Our youth can play a major role in controlling this crime graph. They can contribute towards establishing peace
in many ways. They can awaken the people towards the necessity of peace. They can help the police in
catching the criminals. They can bring the criminals in the main stream by educating them and they can do
much more. A survey was conducted on percentage of households using various household utility products and
the result is evident in the bar-chart given below. Study the following bar-chart and write the paragraph that
was compiled after the survey.
Percentage of households using various household utilities.
Use of Utility Goods

A survey was conducted on percentage of households using various household utility products and the result is
evident in the bar-chart given below. Study the following bar-chart and write the paragraph that was compiled
after the survey.
Percentage of households using various household utilities. Impiled after the survey.
Percentage of households using various household utilities.
7
Use of Utility Goods
The bar-chart indicates various utilities being used by percentages of households, surveyed in the year 1997
and 2000. The chart shows that the most popular household utility item in 1997 and 2000 is the television and
about 98% households have it. The fascination for TV remains steadfast, since there are a number of channels
to suit each temperament and taste. The increasing sales of vaccum cleaners and washing machines are clear
pointers that doing such chores manually is becoming difficult. The fridge appears to have gained popularity
even among the poor sections of society and has become a necessity today. The telephone also is becoming
increasingly popular. However, the use of cars does not really show an upward trend despite the variety of
brands launched in the market due to cost factor. The concept of Central Heating appears to remain limited to
the rich sections of society, though it has improved from 1997 and now 50% of the households use it.
3. Read the following tabular data and write a short paragraph regarding 'The vacant seats in the Engineering
and Pharmacy colleges'.
Courses Intake capacity Vacant seats
Engineering:
Degree 1,55,102 42,497
Diploma 1,65,413 55,107
Post-graduation 13,651 1,810
Pharmacy:
Degree 9,712 924
Diploma 2,959 1,771
Post-graduation 5,296 3,506
Ans. The vacant seats in the Engineering and Pharmacy college
Engineering colleges have degree, diploma and Post-graduation courses. The table shows that out of total 1,
55, 102 seats in the Degree course, 42, 497 remain vacant. In the Diploma course, 55, 107 seats out of 1,
65, 413 remain vacant and in the post-graduation course out of total 13, 651 seats only 1810 are vacant.
Pharmacy colleges also have degree, diploma and post-graduation course. The number of vacant seats here
are much less 924 out of 9, 712 in the degree course are vacant. 1771 seats out of a total of 12959 on the
diploma course are vacant. Finally in the post-graduation course a large number of seats are vacant 3506 out
of 5296.
4. The graph given shows estimated sales of gold in Dubai in 2002. Write an analytical paragraph describing the
line graph in around 150 words.
Dubai Gold Sales 2002
400
350
Millions of Dirhams
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
8
English
ALLEN
Ans. The line graph depicts the estimated sales of gold in Dubai for a period of twelve months in 2002 in millions of
Dirhams.
In January 2002, the sales stood at 200 million Dirhams. It steadily increased through the next month and
peaked to 350 million Dirhams in the third month of the year. However, the gold sales started to plummet over
the next three months and hit 110 million Dirhams in the month of July. Unexpectedly, the sales doubled in
August before coming down to the same level as in July for the month of September. For the next two months
of the year, the gold sales levelled off to 180 million Dirhams and then slightly increased in December.
Overall, the estimated gold sales fluctuated in 2002. The sales were the highest in the month of March and
lowest in the months of July and September. The sales at the end of the year were almost the same as they
were in the beginning of the year.
5. The given pie chart shows the data on hobbies of students during summer vacations. Write an analytical
paragraph in 100-120 words to analyze the data.
Dancing
7%
Photography
13%
34% Singing
Playing
19%
Yoga
27%
Ans. The pie chart illustrates five different types of hobbies that students took up during the summer vacation.
It is clear from the pie chart that 34 percent of the students preferred dance, which secured a majority. 27
percent of students who contributed to photography preferred the second highest proportion. Singing is at the
third place preferred by 19 percent of the students and playing at the fourth position in which 13 percent of
the students have shown interest. The last group is yoga as only 7 percent of the students liked hobbies. It was
the least favourite hobby of the students.
We can guess that during the summer vacations, the students chose dancing the most. Yoga was the most
widely accepted option while it was the least taken up hobby.
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LETTER WRITING
1. You are A. R. Aggarwal, General Manager, Aggarwal Enterprises, Indore. You need various items of furniture
and stationery for your newly constructed head office. Write a letter to Kuber Official Works, Indore placing a
bulk order for the supply giving all details of the items ordered.
Ans. General Manager
Aggarwal Enterprises
Indore
7 March20××
Kuber Official Works

Central Market
Indore
Sub: Furniture and other items for office
Dear Sir
We have to furnish our newly constructed head office and its rooms in Civil Lines, Indore. We had demanded
quotations from various firms that supply furniture and related items for offices. We are approving the quotations
sent by you as they are the best. Hence, we have decided to place a bulk order for the supply of furniture,
stationery and other related items with you for our office.
The details of the items are furnished below:
S.No. Particulars Quantity (Nos.)

1. Tables 6'x 4' (Teak) 10
2. Tables 4'x 3' (Teak) 20
3. Benches 7'x 3' (Sal) 15
4. Chairs (rotating steel) 10
5. Chairs (standard size teak) 50
6. Stools (mango wood) 10
7. Boxes 4'x 3' (steel) 10
8. Almirahs (steel) 30
9. Boards 10
10. Table lamps 40
11. Stamp pads 50

12. Ink pads 100
13. Office pens with stands 100
14. Carbon 100 boxes
Kindly send all the items in their proper sizes, specifications and conditions.
Yours sincerely
A.R. Aggarwal
General Manager
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English
ALLEN
2. You are Rana/Rama, Sales Manager of Modern Shoes, Kanpur. You placed a bulk order with Messers Ramani
Shoes, Kanpur for the supply of shoes for your showroom. The firm has failed to execute the order. In spite of
your many reminders, there is no positive response from them. Write a letter to the firm that you are constrained
to cancel the order that you had placed to them.
Modern Shoes
Civil Lines
Kanpur
10 March 20× ×
M/s Ramani Shoes
Bara Bazar
Kanpur
Sub: Cancelling of order

Dear Sir
I can express only my deep dismay and displeasure at the non-execution of the bulk order that we placed
with you for the purchase of shoes on 10 January 20XX. The said order was to be executed within 10
days. However, when more than a month expired, you expressed regrets giving the strike of workers in
the factory as the main reason of non-execution. We accepted your request for executing the order within
a week. We condoned the delay keeping in view our previous good business terms. As we have not heard
from you recently, we have reasons to believe that cancellation of the said order is the only way left out
for us. I hope that the cancellation of the said order will not affect our otherwise good business terms in
future.
Yours sincerely
Ram / Rama
Sales Manager
3. You are A. R. Dalmia, Incharge of the Physical Education Department of your school. You need various items
of sports for the department. Write a letter to M/s Jagbir Singh & Sons, a well known supplier of sports goods,
Jallandhar enquiring him about the rates of each item and the maximum discount that they can offer to you.
Ans. Department of Physical Education
Janta Public School
Ambala
10 March 20× ×
M/s Jagbir Singh & Sons

Jallandhar Cant
Jallandhar
Sub: Enquiring about rates and discount

Dear Sir
We are old customers of yours and need no introduction. Being a leading supplier of sports goods, we can
expect the best quality of goods at competitive rates. As we are placing a bulk order with you, we want
to inquire at what rates you can supply each item of different sports. The likely number of items with their
details to the purchased are attached here. Kindly study them thoroughly and give the lowest quotations
at which you can supply the desired goods.
11
Let us remind you that you have been giving us 20% flat discount on various items. As we are an educational
institution, we would expect a special discount that dealers generally give to such institutions.
Kindly do the needful and furnish all the details regarding the inquiries at the earliest.
Yours truly
A. R. Dalmia
Incharge
Department of Physical Education
4. You are the librarian of Army Public School. You had placed an order for textbooks with Dhanpati and Sons. As
the books did not arrive on time, you have decided to cancel the order. Write a letter to the Manager, Dhanpati
and Sons, Chennai, cancelling the order.
Ans. Army Public School
24, Ooty Road
Coimbatore-641001
13th April, 20××
The Manager
M/s Dhanpati & Sons
12/A Anna Salai
Chennai-600001
Subject : Cancellation of Our Order APS/33/12-13
Dear Sir
Kindly refer to our above order dated 7th March, 20XX for various textbooks for our school students, in which
the last date of delivery was 31st March, 20XX.
We regret that the books ordered have not been received by us. As the new term of the school has already
started, we are constrained to cancel the above order, as you did not comply with the delivery date and also
have not informed us when you expect the books to be delivered.
Kindly acknowledge receipt of this letter.
Yours faithfully
KC Mohapatra
(Librarian)
5. You are Aditya / Aditi, Hostel Warden, Lawrence Public School, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Write a letter to the
Sales Manager, India Electronics and Domestic Appliances Ltd., Mumbai, placing an order for fans, microwaves,
ovens and tube lights that you wish to purchase for the hostel. Also ask for discount permissible on the purchase.
Ans. Lawrence Public School
Maharashtra
Maharashtra XXXXX
18 May 20XX
The Sales Manager

India Electronics and Domestic Appliances Ltd.
Mumbai 1100XX
Dear Sir
Subject: Placement of order for electronics.
We are happy to place the order for the following items. Kindly send the following items at the above address
through transport carefully.
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English
ALLEN
Name of the Items No. of Items Brand
Fans 50 Bajaj
Microwaves 25 LG
Ovens 30 Philips
Tube lights 25 Nova
All the items should be in good condition, well bound and packed properly. The items must be delivered by the
end of the month of the issue of this letter. Any damage during transportation would be your responsibility. As
in the past also, we have never been given any opportunity to complain and the goods have always reached as
well on time, and in excellent condition as per our specifications. We do expect the same delivery this time as
well. Kindly offer us a suitable discount as has been the practice all these years.
Yours faithfully
Aditya
(Hostel Warden)
6. You are Nisha Singh, computer in-charge of DDPS. Your school wishes to buy 20 computers and computer
accessories from Lenovo Inc., Nehru Place, New Delhi, Draft a letter placing order giving all the specifications
of the product and its quality.
Ans. DDPS
Rohini
New Delhi 1100XX
20 January 20XX
The proprietor
Lenovo Inc.
126, Nehru Place
New Delhi 1100XX
Subject: Placement of order for computers and their accessories
This is to inform you that our school management has decided to place an order with your company for the
supply of computers and computer accessories. The list of items is given below. All the products should be
genuine. The price quotation submitted by your agents has been approved and . the institutional discount of
10% offered by you has been accepted.
Kindly make it convenient to send the delivery within 15 days of the issue of this letter. I am sure proper
packing of the computers will be taken care of and any responsibility for the damage caused during transportation
shall rest with you. I hope future repairs and maintenance of the items will also be provided by you promptly
and satisfactorily. The payment will be made through a crossed cheque to your agent within a month of
delivery.
List of Items Lenovo Computer Apple Headphones Apple laptop I-pad
No. of Items 25 15 20 18
Yours faithfully
Nisha Singh
(Head of Computer Department)
13
SECTION C – GRAMMAR
INTEGRATED GRAMMAR EXERCISES
GAP FILLING
1. Read the paragraph given below. Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate words /
phrases from the given options.
(a) _______ often the cause of accidents is the failure of the break system which means the owner of the vehicle
does not bother to keep (b) _______ machine in good condition. By attending (c) _______ the vehicle (d)
_______ a lot of miseries could be avoided.
(a) (1) Many (2) Much (3) Extremely (4) Very
(b) (1) a (2) the (3) that (4) this
(c) (1) for (2) by (3) to (4) with
(d) (1) regular (2) regularly (3) irregular (4) normal
Ans. (a) (4) Very (b) (2) the (c) (3) to (d) (2) regularly
Children may quarrel all the time, drawing the elders into the fray. The neighbour's son may pick a flower or a
fruit from your garden and (a) _______ argument (b) _______ erupt. Again, he may throw his ball (c) _______
your window pane, damaging it. These are not unnatural so far as the younger one is concerned, but it is for the
elders to (d) _______ them with equanimity.
(a) (1) a (2) the (3) an (4) one
(b) (1) must (2) ought to (3) may (4) should
(c) (1) to (2) from (3) on (4) at
(d) (1) see (2) watch (4) view (4) look
Ans. (a) (3) an (b) (3) may (c) (4) at (d) (3) view
(a) _______ think of road safety at all? It is because of the gruesome accidents that occur almost every day on
the road, in (b) _______ all sorts of vehicles, human beings and even animals are endangered. These accidents
(c) _______ loss of life and property and, (d) _______ importantly, obstruction to traffic.
(a) (1) Who (2) What (3) Where (4) Why
(b) (1) them (2) which (3) some (4) that
(c) (1) brings (2) give (3) mean (4) take
(d) (1) most (2) much (3) very (4) a lot
Ans. (a) (4) Why (b) (2) which (c) (3) mean (d) (1) most
4. Read the passage given below. Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate words / phrases
from the given options.
My deadline for the day's incredible, awe inspiring column (a) _______ the Tribune was three hours away, and
I was in a jam. I (b) _______ already tossed three ideas into the recycle bin and was staring at a blank screen
again. The really tricky thing about (c) _______ a 'witty' column is that between Mark Twain, Oscar Wilde and
Dorothy Parker, everything worth saying (d) _______ already been said.
(a) (1) at (2) on (3) in (4) for
(b) (1) had (2) have (3) will have (4) am
(c) (1) drawing (2) creating (3) making (4) writing
(d) (1) had (2) has (3) have (4) did
Ans. (a) (4) for (b) (1) had (c) (4) writing (d) (2) has
14
English
ALLEN
5. Read the passage given below. Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate words / phrases
The FBI field office is a four storey brick fortress (a) _______ the southern shore of Lake Pontchartrain. We stop
at the heavy iron gate (b) _______ show an armed guard our credentials. Once inside, we hurry (c) _______ the
vestibule where a woman (d) _______ us.
(a) (1) at (2) on (3) towards (4) for
(b) (1) that (2) for (3) as (4) to
(c) (1) through (2) into (3) by (4) outside
(d) (1) awaits (2) wait (3) waiting for (4) awaits for
Ans. (a) (2) on (b) (4) to (c) (2) into (d) (1) awaits
6. Read the passage given below.' Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate words/phrases
Liberty is not a (a) _______ affair only but a social contract. It is an (b) _______ of interests. In matters which do
not touch others' liberty, I will be (c) _______ free and won't require anyone's (d) _______.
(a) (1) personally (2) person (3) personal (4) personality
(b) (1) adjustable (2) adjustment (3) adjusted (4) adjust
(c) (1) completion (2) complete (3) completely (4) completed
(d) (1) permissible (2) permission (3) permitted (4) permit
Ans. (a) (iii) personal (b) (ii) adjustment (c) (iii) completely (d) (ii) permission
7. Read the passage given below. Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate words from the
given options.
Jesus Christ was accused (a) _______ misleading the masses despite (b) _______ fact (c) _______ he was
leading them from darkness (d) _______ light.
(a) (1) of (2) with (3) from (4) in
(b) (1) a (2) the (3) an (4) that
(c) (1) this (2) these (3) those (4) that
(d) (1) towards (2) till (3) for (4) to
Ans. (a) (1) of (b) (2) the (c) (4) that (d) (1) towards
8. Complete the passage by filling in any TEN blanks out of twelve by choosing the most appropriate
option from those given in the brackets.
Antioxidants were first cast into doubt (a) ____________ a major clinical trial in the US, in (b) ____________ a
very common antioxidant, beta carotene, (c) ____________ tested for (d) ____________ efficacy against lung
cancer (e) ____________ high-risk subjects. (f) ____________ the surprise and concern (g) ____________ the
scientists (h) ____________ individuals taking the supplement ______(i)______ to reduce the risk (j) ____________
cancer (k) ____________ at a significantly higher risk (l) ____________ developing lung cancer.
(a) (1) during (2) from (3) since (4) before
(b) (1) what (2) which (3) that (4) who
(c) (1) was (2) were (3) is (4) are
15
(d) (1) its (2) it's (3) their (4) theirs
(e) (1) in (2) about (3) for (4) with
(f) (1) For (2) With (3) To (4) with
(g) (1) at (2) with (3) in (4) of
(h) (1) that (2) which (3) those (4) whose
(i) (1) intend (2) intended (3) intends (4) intending
(j) (1) of (2) with (3) about (4) in
(k) (1) were (2) was (3) has been (4) had
(l) (1) for (2) of (3) to (4) into
Ans. (a) (1) during (b) (2) which (c) (1) was (d) (1) its
(e) (1) in (f) (3) (g) (4) of (h) (3) those
(i) (2) intended (j) (1) of (k) (1) were (l) (2) of
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease ______(a)_______ (in / for / with/at) which, the patient's immune system
______(b)_______ (attacks / is attacking / attacked / attack) the central nervous system. This can
______(c)_______ (lead / leads / led/ leading) to numerous physical ______(d)_______(and / but / for/ or)
mental systems, ______(e)_______ (as / which / then/as well as) the disease affects the transmission of electrical
signals ______(f)_______ (between / among / since / although) the body and the brain. ______(g)_______
(Therefore / However / Thus / Though), the human body, being a flexible, adaptable system, can compensate
______(h)_______ (with / for / to/ in) some level of damage, so a person with MS ______(i)_______(can/ shall
/ should/ shouldn't) look and feel fine ______(j)_______ (even though / because / despite) the disease
______(k)_______ (is/was/were/have been) present. Multiple sclerosis (MS), ______(l)_______ (is / were/
having / had) the most common disabling neurologic disease of young people.
Ans. (a) in (b) attacks (c) lead (d) and
(e) as (f) between (g) However (h) for
(i) can (j) even though (k) is (l) is
Rejection is an inevitable part of ____(a)_____(grow / growing / to grow/grows) up. All children at one time or
____(b)_____ (other / another / altogether/though ) feel rejected by their peers. The reasons ____(c)_____(are/
is/were/was) often silly. A child's appearance, manners, economic ____(d)_____(or/nor/both/for) ethnic
background, poor social skills, or personality can all be the factors leading to his/her ____(e)_____ (be / being
/ been/ had been) rejected by their peers.
____(f)_____(When / While / As / For) you are snubbed, tell yourself that life____(g)_____ (is/ has been/ was
/ weren't) not a popularity contest. When you are snubbed it can bring ____(h)_____ (out / up / off / of) odd
feelings of rejection. But brooding ____(i)_____ (about / over / on /in) something that didn't turn ____(j)_____
(with /up / on / out) the way you wanted it to be is not going to help. ____(k)_____(Don't / Didn't / Doing /
Doesn't) wallow in self-pity. You may be surprised to ____(l)_____(find/ finding / finds / found) out that you
have more inner resources than you think.
Ans. (a) growing (b) other (c) is (d) or
(e) being (f) When (g) is (h) out
(i) over (j) out (k) Don't (l) find
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English
ALLEN
Do violent video games ______(a)______ (make / made / making / makes) kids aggressive? A recent study
shows that it ______(b)______ (do / does / has / had). ______(c)______ (Although / However / Despite/
Though) what game developers say, many scientific studies clearly ______(d)______ (show / shows / shown /
showing) that violent video games make kids more likely to yell, push, ______(e)_______ (and / but/ for/ while)
punch, says Brad Bushman. He's a psychologist ______(f)_______ (with / at / on/about) the University of
Michigan in Ann Arbor. Bushman and his colleagues recently _____(g)_______ (review / reviewed / reviews /
reviewing) more than 300 studies of video media effects. Across the board, the message is clear. Regardless of
what kids ______(h)_______ (say / said / are saying / says), violent video games are harmful.
TV ______(i)_______ (is / has been / was / having) around a lot longer than video games, so researchers
______(j)_______(have/ had/ having/ has had) more data on the long-term effects of violent TV shows
______(k)_______ (on / over / in) people than they ______(l)________(doing / do / does/ didn't) on the effects
of violent video games.
Ans. (a) make (b) does (c) Despite (d) show
(e) and (f) at (g) reviewed (h) say

(i) has been (j) have (k) on (l) do
In one study, scientists at the University of Michigan _____(a)______ (record / recorded / were recording /
records) the TV-watching habits of hundreds of first and third graders in 1977. Fifteen years later, the researchers
_____(b)______ (looked / were looking / have looked / looks) at what kind of adults these kids _____(c)______
(become / having become / had become /becoming ).
By the time they were in their early twenties, women who _____(e)______ (watch / have watched / had
watched/ watches) violent shows as kids _____(f)______ (are / were / had been / are) four times as likely to
have punched, ______(g)______ (choked / had choked / choking / choke), or beaten other people as were
women who ______(h)_____(didn't / doesn't/ don't/ did) watch such programs as kids. Boys who _____(i)______
(watch / watched / have watched) violent TV grew up to be three times as likely to ___________ (commit /
committing / committed / commits) crimes as boys who _____(j)______ (didn't watch / don't watch / haven't
watched / hadn't watching) such programs.
However that_____(k)______ (don't / doesn't / hadn't / haven't ) mean that everyone who watched violent
programs _____(l)______ (end / ended / have ended / ending) up being violent themselves. It was just more
likely to happen for some people.
(a) recorded (b) looked (c) had become (d) had watched
(e) were (f) choked (g) didn't (h) watched
(i) commit (j) didn't watch (k) doesn't (l) ended

17
EDITING
The following passages have not been edited. There is one error in each line. Identify the wrong word and write
it with the correction in the spaces given.
13. Incorrect Correct
One morning I finished one business at the bank one some
(a) and was returning in pick up my motorbike which I had left ________ ________
(b) in the parking lot outside. Suddenly he realised that I had ________ ________
(c) lost the bike key. Upset, I searched about it in the bank. A bank ________ ________
(d) employee tried to help me find it and in vain. ________ ________
Ans. Incorrect Correct Incorrect Correct
(a) in to (b) he I
(c) about for (d) and but
People should think twice when they when before
(a) adopt a pet. Pets became adopted ________ ________
(b) member of the family. ________ ________
(c) One cannot think at ill-treating them. ________ ________
(d) They had to be given wholesome ________ ________
(e) food. In case they fell sick, ________ ________
(f) they should be taken for a vet. ________ ________
(g) Some people acquire pet and ________ ________
(h) now neglect them. ________ ________
(a) became become (b) member members
(c) at of (d) had have
(e) fell fall (f) for to
(g) pet pets (h) now then
My cat Jugger be the toughest animal I know. be is
(a) He has survived much close calls. Three years ago, ________ ________
(b) he were caught inside a car's engine. His right ear ________ ________
(c) was torn off when he lost sight in one eye. We were ________ ________
(d) surprised that he lived from the accident. Within ________ ________
(e) weeks she was back to normal. Then last year again ________ ________
(f) we were worry that we would lose Jugger. ________ ________
(g) Lumps that grew on his back was operated upon by ________ ________
(h) the vet. Now, we know Jugger do have nine lives. ________ ________
(a) much many (b) were was
(c) when and (d) from after
(e) she he (f) worry worried
(g) was were (h) do does
18
English
ALLEN
Scotland has the rich cultural heritage and the a
(a) part of this is reflected in the thousands ________ ________
(b) of castles that are scatter around the length ________ ________
(c) and broad of the country. Most of the ________ ________
(d) castle are now in ruins. ________ ________
(a) this it (b) scatter scattered
(c) broad breadth (d) castle castles
The Gir National Park, also known as Gir Wildlife ________ ________
(a) Sanctuary, is situated in the state of Gujarat. It was ________ ________
(b) one among the major wildlife sanctuaries to North India. ________ ________
(c) It was establishment on 18th September, 1965 ________ ________
(d) as a forest reserve primary to conserve the Asiatic Lion. ________ ________
(a) was is (b) to in / of
(c) establishment established (d) primary primarily
Comics is popular all over (a) ________ ________
the world. Readers in different (b) ________ ________
ages enjoy them for more reasons. (c) ________ ________
They provides joy to the readers. (d) ________ ________
Any of the famous comics come from (e) ________ ________
the United States. One of the favourite
characters of all times in comics are the superman. (f) ________ ________
He had an X-ray vision. He can fly. (g) ________ ________
He is enormously strong but nothing could hurt him whatsoever. (h) ________ ________
(a) (1) are (2) were (3) have been (4) had been
(b) (1) from (2) of (3) on (4) to
(c) (1) many (2) age (3) much (4) enjoys
(d) (1) provided (2) joys (3) provide (4) providing

(e) (1) Much (2) Many (3) Little (4) A little
(f) (1) has been (2) from (3) is (4) was
(g) (1) could (2) had been (3) has (4) have
(h) (1) am (2) was (3) were (4) has
Ans. Correct Correct
(a) (1) are (b) (2) of
(c) (1) many (d) (3) provide
(e) (2) Many (f) (3) is
(g) (1) could (h) (2) was
19
Tens of thousands of bats emerges from (a) ________ ________
under the bridge. It was a amazing sight. (b) ________ ________
I learnt a few fact about these creatures. (c) ________ ________
The baby bats is known as pups. (d) ________ ________
Each mother bat delivers only one pups. (e) ________ ________
(a) (1) emerged (2) emergency (3) emerge (4) emerging
(b) (1) the (2) an (3) of (4) his
(c) (1) factor (2) facts (3) factory (4) fiction
(d) (1) am (2) were (3) are (4) have
(e) (1) pupping (2) pups's (3) pup (4) pupped
Ans. Correct
(a) (1) emerged
(b) (2) an
(c) (2) facts
(d) (3) are
(e) (3) pup
The people which had earlier avoided Agatha wanted (a) ________ ________
to knowing if she had come to the city (b) ________ ________
on a short visit and she was going to stay. She wandered happily (c) ________ ________
past the fountains or through the rose (d) ________ ________
gardens. She talking, joked and laughed with sparkling (e) ________ ________
eyes unless she heard a sudden burst of coarse, cruel laughter. (f) ________ ________
(a) (1) who (2) whose (3) whom (4) that
(b) (1) knowed (2) know (3) known (4) knows
(c) (1) however (2) until (3) or (4) wherever
(d) (1) but (2) while (3) and (4) so
(e) (1) talked (2) talks (3) has talked (4) had talked
(f) (1) until (2) while (3) so (4) although

Ans. Correct
(a) (1) who
(b) (2) know
(c) (3) or
(d) (3) and
(e) (1) talked
(f) (1) until
20
English
ALLEN
Charles Dickens was one of the
greater English novelists. He (a) ________ ________
was born of poor parents at 1812. He worked as a newspaper (b) ________ ________
reporter. He becoming famous (c) ________ ________
when his books are published. After that he (d) ________ ________
wrote much novels. (e) ________ ________
(a) (1) great (2) very great (3) more greater (4) greatest
(b) (1) on (2) in (3) with (4) by
(c) (1) becomes (2) became (3) was becoming (4) become
(d) (1) were (2) was (3) is (4) have been
(e) (1) little (2) many (3) a lot (4) more
Ans. Correct
(a) (1) great
(b) (2) in
(c) (3) was becoming
(d) (3) is
(e) (1) little
22. The passage given below has not been edited. There is an error in each line. Identify the error and choose its
correction from the options given below.
Incorrect Correct
There is nothing much selfish you can do than come for work sick. (a) ________ ________
You may get a gold star for show your sniffing face at the office and (b) ________ ________
soldiering for the workday to (c) ________ ________
providing your value but everyone (d) ________ ________
around you just get sick. You are an inconsiderate work hazard, (e) ________ ________
when you brought your infectious illness to work. (f) ________ ________
(a) (1) with (2) to (3) about (4) in
(b) (1) showed (2) showing (3) shows (4) shown
(c) (1) within (2) beside (3) through (4) across
(d) (1) provided (2) provides (3) providings (4) provide

(e) (1) gets (2) got (3) gotten (4) giving
(f) (1) brings (2) bringing (3) bring (4) bought
Ans. Correct
(a) (2) to
(b) (2) showing
(c) (3) through
(d) (4) provide
(e) (1) gets
(f) (3) bring
21
OMISSION
In the following passages, one word has been omitted in each line, against which a blank is given. Write the
missing word along with the words that come before and after it in the space provided.
Before Missing After
23. Most of us are familiar with the fact
(a) that silk derived from the cocoons of ________ ________ ________
(b) mulberry silkworms. However, insects ________ ________ ________
(c) like spiders, beetles and fleas produce silk. ________ ________ ________
(d) Silk is mass produced by silkworms are reared ________ ________ ________
to produce white silk.
Ans. Before Missing After
(a) silk is derived
(b) However, other insects
(c) fleas also produce
(d) silkworms that / which are
24. (a) Imagine there a bank that credits your ________ ________ ________
(b) account morning with a lot of money. ________ ________ ________
(c) It carries over no balance day to day. ________ ________ ________
(d) Every evening bank deletes whatever ________ ________ ________
(e) part the balance you failed to use during ________ ________ ________
(f) the day. If this true, what would you ________ ________ ________
(g) do? Draw every penny, of course! Each ________ ________ ________
(h) of us has such banks, its name is Time Bank. ________ ________ ________

(a) there is a
(b) account each morning
(c) balance from day
(d) evening the bank
(e) part of the
(f) this was true
(g) Draw out every
(h) is the Time
22
English
ALLEN
25. (a) The teachings of Jainism focussed on the ________ ________ ________
(b) purification of the soul not towards the ________ ________ ________
(c) realisation physical and material rewards. ________ ________ ________
(d) Nakodaji has a tutelage where Jain scholars trained ________ ________ ________
(e) for treating knowledge the highest pursuit. ________ ________ ________
(f) And yet, life most of us begins and ends ________ ________ ________
(g) at the physical material plane. Behaviour ________ ________ ________
(h) is link which, having assured you of creature ________ ________ ________
comforts, leads you to higher spiritual pursuits.
(a) Jainism are focussed
(b) soul and not
(c) realisation of physical
(d) scholars are trained
(e) knowledge as the
(f) life for most
(g) physical and material
(h) is the link
26. (a) The planets celestial bodies that manifest ________ ________ ________
(b) their powers human beings and other ________ ________ ________
(c) organic lives. Astrologers pandits worldwide are ________ ________ ________
(d) of opinion that planets have influence on ________ ________ ________
(e) various aspects our lives, such as love ________ ________ ________
(f) personality, intelligence, career finance. ________ ________ ________
(g) The planets in solar system radiate a ________ ________ ________
(h) cosmic energy various degrees, which affects ________ ________ ________
the minds and activities of humans.

(a) planets are celestial
(b) powers over human
(c) Astrologers and pandits
(d) of the opinion
(e) aspects of our
(f) career and finance
(g) in the solar
(h) energy in various
23
27. (a) At the time I driving near Ohio, I suddenly ________ ________ ________
(b) felt need to stretch my legs. As I parked the ________ ________ ________
(c) car strolled down the pavement, feelings of ________ ________ ________
(d) self-pity enshrouded mind. I loved the lord ________ ________ ________
(e) and ministry, I felt drained and burdened. ________ ________ ________
(f) My cup empty. Suddenly the impatient ________ ________ ________
(g) ringing of telephone nearby caught my ________ ________ ________
(h) attention. It was coming a phone booth ________ ________ ________
at a service station on the corner.
(a) I was driving
(b) felt the need
(c) car and strolled
(d) enshrouded my mine
(e) ministry but I
(f) cup was empty
(g) of a telephone
(h) coming from a
28. Corporate initiatives in field of (a) ________ ________ ________
education increasing. The effort (b) ________ ________ ________
is not only understand the issue (c) ________ ________ ________
of the local population but that in use
of education as tool to address such (d) ________ ________ ________
issues. Such efforts have provided
the neglected sections society with (e) ________ ________ ________
opportunities to grow.
(a) (1) the (2) a (3) these (4) that

(b) (1) is (2) are (3) was (4) were
(c) (1) to (2) in (3) for (4) into
(d) (1) the (2) this (3) a (4) that
(e) (1) of (2) at (3) for (4) to
Ans. Missing Missing
(a) (1) the (b) (2) are
(c) (1) to (d) (3) a
(e) (1) of
24
English
ALLEN
29. Friendships end many different reasons. (a) ________ ________ ________
Sometimes friends away from (b) ________ ________ ________
each other and are forced to move due to (c) ________ ________ ________
the distance. As long as the two people have met face-to-face in the
past, however, digital technology made (d) ________ ________ ________
geographic distance less of obstacle to (e) ________ ________ ________
maintain existing friendship than it would have been previously.
(a) (1) for (2) at (3) to (4) in
(b) (1) wide (2) move (3) relate (4) run
(c) (1) of (2) in (3) on (4) at
(d) (1) have (2) had (3) has (4) was
(e) (1) a (2) an (3) the (4) little
(a) (1) for (b) (2) move
(c) (3) on (d) (3) has
(e) (2) an
30. The abacus (plural abaci or abacuses), also
called a counting frame, is calculating (a) ________ ________ ________
tool that was in use for centuries
before adoption of the written modern (b) ________ ________ ________
numeral system and is still widely used by
merchants, traders clerks in Asia, (c) ________ ________ ________
Africa, and elsewhere. Today, abaci are
often constructed as a bamboo
sliding wires, but originally they were (d) ________ ________ ________
beans stones that moved in grooves in (e) ________ ________ ________
sand or on tables of wood, stone, or metal. The user of an abacus is called an abacist.
(a) (1) in (2) at (3) a (4) the
(b) (1) else (2) so (3) the (4) therefore
(c) (1) and (2) there (3) its (4) his
(d) (1) at (2) for (3) on (4) with

(e) (1) as (2) for (3) or (4) with
Ans. Missing
(a) (3) a
(b) (3) the
(c) (1) and
(d) (3) on
(e) (3) or
25
31. Born into wealthy middle-class family in Trier (a) ________ ________ ________
in the Prussian Rhineland, Marx studied the (b) ________ ________ ________
universities of Bonn and Berlin where became (c) ________ ________ ________
interested in philosophical ideas of the (d) ________ ________ ________
Young Hegelians. After his studies, wrote (e) ________ ________ ________
for the Rheinische Zeitung, radical newspaper in (f) ________ ________ ________
Cologne, and began to work the theory of the (g) ________ ________ ________
materialist conception History. (h) ________ ________ ________
He moved to Paris in 1843, where began writing (i) ________ ________ ________
for radical newspapers. (j) ________ ________ ________
(a) (1) a (2) so (3) that (4) for
(b) (1) since (2) at (3) for (4) so
(c) (1) session (2) his (3) he (4) from
(d) (1) cause (2) that (3) the (4) stamina
(e) (1) affect (2) he (3) his (4) him
(f) (1) a (2) an (3) the (4) on
(g) (1) out (2) has (3) had (4) were
(h) (1) or (2) so (3) of (4) for
(i) (1) progress (2) something (3) he (4) him
(j) (1) development (2) production (3) other (4) produce
Ans. Missing
(a) (1) a
(b) (2) at
(c) (3) he
(d) (3) the
(e) (2) he
(f) (1) a
(g) (1) out
(h) (3) of
(i) (3) he
(j) (3) other
26
English
ALLEN
32. A bicyle gets punctured when thorn (a) ________ ________ ________
or nail runs into its tube. puncture (b) ________ ________ ________
needs to repaired. First of all, (c) ________ ________ ________
the tube taken out of (d) ________ ________ ________
the tyre inflated. (e) ________ ________ ________
(a) (1) a (2) at (3) the (4) an
(b) (1) A (2) The (3) An (4) These
(c) (1) been (2) being (3) be (4) is
(d) (1) was (2) have (3) has (4) is
(e) (1) but (2) or (3) and (4) for
(a) (3) the (b) (3) An
(c) (1) been (d) (3) has
(e) (3) and

27
SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
33. Study the conversation between two persons given below and complete the paragraph that follows
by filling in the blanks suitably.
Captain : Do you know that David was hit by a two-wheeler yesterday?
Nitesh : Oh no! When did it happen?
Captain : He was hit by a scooter on his way back from school.
Nitesh : Is he badly injured?
Captain : Though he is not seriously hurt, he is unlikely to participate in the inter-school
competition next week.
Captain asked Nitesh if he knew that (a) ________ Nitesh was shocked and wanted to know
(b) ________. Captain replied that he had been hit by a scooter on his wayback from school. Nitesh enquired
(c) ________. Captain replied that though he was not seriously hurt, he was (d) ________ in the inter-school
competition the following week.
Ans. (a) David had been hit by a two-wheeler the previous day. (b) when it had happened
(c) whether he was badly injured (d) unlikely to participate
34. Study the conversation between two friends given below and complete the paragraph that follows
by filling in the blanks suitably.
Anil : Why is there such a big crowd on that street?
Ravi : A new shop selling sports goods is opening today.
Anil : Is a filmstar doing the opening ceremony?
Ravi : I heard that Sachin Tendulkar is inaugurating it.
Anil asked Ravi (a) ________ Ravi replied that a new shop (b) ________ Anil enquired (c) ________ Ravi
replied that he had heard that (d) ________ it.
Ans. (a) why there was such a big crowd on that street (b) selling sports goods was opening that day
(c) whether a filmstar was doing the opening ceremony (d) Sachin Tendulkar was inaugurating
35. Read the following conversation and then report what was said by completing the following passage.
Boy : Mom, I want to buy some new colours for myself.
Mother : You don't keep your things properly. Last month only, I bought you two new packs
of colours.
Boy : Mom, I have used them all. You know I love drawing and colouring.
Mother : You can buy one colour box for yourself and after going home I would love to see
what all you have drawn and coloured.
A boy said to his mother that (a) ________. The mother angrily replied that he did not keep his things properly
and that (b) ________. To this, the boy replied that he has used them all and further told his mother that she
knew he loved drawing and colouring. The mother told the boy that (c) ________ and that after going home (d)
________.
Ans. (a) he wanted to buy some new colours for himself
(b) she had bought him two new packs of colours the previous month only
(c) he could buy one colour box for himself
(d) she would love to see what all he had drawn and coloured
28
English
ALLEN
Sameer : Neha, why do you keep on wasting time in useless pursuits?
Neha : It's not a useless job, I am trying to make a demon with this waste material.
Sameer : What is the need to do all this, when you have so many important things to do?
Neha : I am making a demon to scare you because you disturb me a lot.
Sameer asked Neha (a) ________. Neha told Sameer that it was not a useless job and that
(b) ________. Sameer asked (c) ________. To which Neha replied (d) ________.
Ans. (a) why she kept on wasting time in useless pursuits
(b) she was trying to make a demon with that waste material
(c) what was the need to do all those things when she had so many important things to do
(d) that she was making it to scare him as he disturbed her a lot
Mom : Tomorrow is Diwali, so I am going to the market to buy a few things.
Daughter : Shall I come along, mother?
Mom : No, Shreya I want you to do some cleaning.
Daughter : Fine mom, I will stay at home and do the cleaning.
Mom : It will be really nice of you.
Mom said to her daughter that (a) ________. The daughter asked (b) ________. To this Mom replied (c)
________.The daughter (d) ________.
Ans. (a) it was Diwali the next day, so she was going to the market to buy a few things
(b) if she could come along with her
(c) in the negative and said she wanted her to do some cleaning
(d) agreed to it an stayed back
Tanmay : How did you spend your vacation?
Astha : I visited Kashmir with my parents.

Tanmay : Have you been there earlier too?
Astha : No, it was my first trip.
Tanmay asked Astha (a) ________. Astha replied that (b) ________. Tanmay further asked her (c) ________
too. Astha replied in negative saying that (d) ________.
Ans. (a) how she had spent her vacation
(b) she had visited Kashmir with her parents
(c) if she had been there earlier
(d) it had been her first trip
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Teacher : Why are you late?
Sumit : I missed my school bus.
Teacher : Why didn't you leave in time?
Sumit : Sorry, I will do so from tomorrow.
The teacher asked Sumit (a) ________. Sumit replied that (b) ________ school bus: When the teacher asked
him why (c) ________ in time. Sumit apologetically replied that (d) ________.
Ans. (a) why he was late (b) he had missed his
(c) he had not left (d) he would do so from the next day
40. Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that follow.
Pramod : Did you learn anything at the NCC camp?
Sarvesh : We learned a lot, including pitching a tent and lighting a fire.
Pramod : Can you teach me tent pitching?
Sarvesh : Yes, but first get yourself registered for the camp.
Pramod asked Sarvesh (a) ________. Sarvesh replied (b) ________ including tent pitching a lighting a fire.
Then Pramod asked Sarvesh (c) ________. Sarvesh agreed and (d) ________ for the NCC camp.
Ans. (a) about what he learnt at the NCC camp (b) that they had learned a lot
(c) if he could teach him tent pitching (d) asked him to first get registered
41. Read the conversation given below and complete the passage that follows by choosing the correct alternatives
from those given below:
Teacher : Why have you again disturbed the class in this way ?
Student : I am sorry.
Teacher : I have told you before that when I am speaking, you should be silent. Leave the room and do not
return today.
The teacher became angry with the student and enquired of him why (a) _____________ in that way. The student
replied that (b) ____________. The teacher reminded him (c) _____________ that he should be silent when the
teacher was speaking. He the teacher ordered him (d)_____________ and forbade him to return that day.
(a) (1) he had again disturbed the class. (2) he will again disturb the class,
(3) he should again disturb the class. (4) he have again disturb the class,
(b) (1) he is sorry (2) he were sorry

3) he was sorry (4) he shall be sorry
(c) (1) he had told him before (2) that he had told him before
(3) he should have told him (4) he might tell him
(d) (1) shall leave the room (2) that leave the room
(3) leave the room (4) to leave the room
Ans. (a) (1) he had again disturbed the class. (b) (3) he was sorry
(c) (2) that he had told him before (d) (4) to leave the room
30
English
ALLEN
42. Read the conversation given below and complete the passage that follows.
Donkey : Why don't you bark to awake our master?
Dog : Mind your own business.
Donkey : This is not the time to complain.
Dog : As he doesn't care for me even I won't care for him.
Donkey : This is really very bad.
The donkey asked the dog (a) _________. The dog replied that (b) ________. The donkey further told him (c)
_________ but the dog said that (d) _________ Donkey said that (e) _________.
(a) (1) why he didn't bark to awake their master. (2) if the doesn't bark to awaken their master.
(3) why you don't bark to awaken the master. (4) why if he didn't bark to awaken the master.
(b) (1) he should mind his own business. (2) to minded his own business
(3) mind his own business (4) let him mind his own business.
(c) (1) that is not the time to complain. (2) this was not the time of complain.
(3) that that was not the time to complain. (4) that is not the time to complain.
(d) (1) as he doesn't care for me even he would not care for his master.
(2) as he don't care for me even he would not care for his master.
(3) he doesn't care for me even he will not care for his master.
(4) as he didn't care for him even he wouldn't care for him.
(e) (1) that is really very bad (2) that was really very bad
(3) that had been really very bad (4) that this is really very bad
Ans. (a) (1) why he didn't bark to awake their master. (b) (1) he should mind his own business.
(c) (3) that that was not the time to complain.
(d) (4) as he didn't care for him even he wouldn't care for him.
(e) (2) that was really very bad
43. Read the following conversation and complete the passage given below by choosing correct options.
Policeman : You have crossed the red light. Don't you know it is a crime?
Driver : (Brandishing a hundred rupee note) Can't we settle the issue between ourselves?
Policeman : What do you think of today's policeman? You value his worth as only one hundred
rupees. I will take nothing less than five hundred rupees.
The policeman told the driver that (a) ________ the red light and asked him (b) ________. Brandishing a hundred
rupee note, the driver asked the policeman (c) ________ between themselves. The policeman asked the driver
(d) ________ of today's policeman and wondered how he valued his worth only as one hundred rupees. He
furthed added that (e) _______ less than five hundred rupees.
(a) (1) he has crossed (2) had he crossed (3) he had crossed (4) he is crossing
(b) (1) if he knew that it is a crime. (2) if he did knew that it was a crime.
(3) if he didn't knew that it is a crime. (4) if he didn't know that it was a crime.
31
(c) (1) if we can't have settled the issue (2) if they can't settle the issue
(3) if they couldn't settle the issue (4) if we couldn't settle the issue
(d) (1) what he thought (2) what did he thought
(3) what he had thought (4) what does he think
(e) (1) I would take nothing (2) he would take nothing
(3) he will take anything (4) I will take nothing
Ans. (a) (3) he had crossed (b) (3) if he didn't knew that it is a crime.
(c) (3) if they couldn't settle the issue (d) (1) what he thought
(e) (2) he would take nothing
44. Read the conversation given below and complete the passage that follows in reported speech.
Father : Where were you?
Son : I was on the terrace, playing.
Father : Please do not go without prior permission.
Son : This was the first time ever that I went on the terrace.
Father : Remember, do not go there alone.
Father asked his son (a) _____. The son replied that (b) _____. The father then requested him (c) _____. The son
apologized saying that (d) _______. The father warned him saying (e) _______.
(a) (1) where was he (2) where he had been (3) where he was (4) where were he
(b) (1) I had been on the terrace, playing (2) he had been on the terrace, playing
(3) he was on the terrace, playing (4) he was playing on the terrace
(c) (1) not to go without prior permission (2) do not go without prior permission
(3) did not to go without previous permission (4) do not went without prior permission
(d) (1) that was the first time ever that he went on the terrace
(2) that had been the first time ever that he went on the terrace
(3) that had been the first time ever that he had gone on the terrace
(4) that was the first time ever that he had gone on the terrace
(e) (1) not to go there alone (2) do not go there alone
(3) not to went there alone (4) do not went there alone
Ans. (a) (2) where he had been (b) (2) he had been on the terrace, playing
(c) (1) not to go without prior permission
(d) (3) that had been the first time ever that he had gone on the terrace
(e) (1) not to go there alone
32
English
ALLEN
45. Read the conversation given below and complete the passage that follows in reported speech.
Teacher : Why have you been absent all these days?
Raju : I had gone to my aunt's home, sir and fell ill there.
Teacher : Why didn't you send in an application?
Raju : My father did speak to the principal on phone, sir.
The teacher asked Raju (a) ________. Raju replied politely that (b) _______ and (c) _________. At this the
teacher asked again why (d) _________ an application. Raju replied respectfully that his father (e) __________
on phone.
(a) (1) why he was absent for all those days (2) why he had been absent all those days
(3) why he had been absent all these days (4) why you were absent all those days
(b) (1) he had gone to his aunt's home (2) he went to his aunt's home
(3) he had had gone to his aunt's home (4) he had gone to my aunt's home
(c) (1) fell ill there (2) had fallen ill here
(3) had fallen ill there (4) had been fallen ill there
(d) (1) he had not sent in (2) you didn't send in
(3) he didn't send in (4) had he not send in
(e) (1) had spoken to the principal (2) did speak to the principal
(3) did spoke to the principal (4) had been spoken to the principal
Ans. (a) (2) why he had been absent all those days (b) (1) he had gone to his aunt's home
(c) (3) had fallen ill there (d) (1) he had not sent in
(e) (1) had spoken to the principal
33
SECTION D – LITERATURE
FIRST FLIGHT
GLIMPSES OF INDIA
PART-1 : A BAKER FROM GOA
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Answer the following questions in 30 to 40 words. (2 marks each)
1. Why was the baker, the friend companion and guide of the children?
Ans. For children, the very sight of the baker was quite exciting. He was their friend, companion and guide The
jingling thud of his bamboo put them in rapture. They ran to meet and greet him. It was not so much for the
love of the loaf. What they longed for were the bread bangles. Sometimes they liked the sweet bread of special
make.
2. How would you prove that baking was a profitable profession in the old days in Goa?
Ans. Baking was quite a profitable profession in Goa in the old days. The baker and his family never starved. Even
his servants could meet both the ends easily. He and his family always looked happy and prosperous. Their
plump physique was an open testimony of their happiness and prosperity.
3. How did the baker make his musical entry?
Ans. The baker made his musical entry with the 'jhang, jhang' sound. It was made by a bamboo staff. One hand
supported the basket on his head. The other banged the bamboo on the ground. He would greet the lady of the
house. He would place his basket on the vertical bamboo, to sell the bread.
4. What is the kabai? Who wore it?
Ans. The kabai is a traditional dress. It was worn by the baker or bread-seller of those days in Goa. It was a single-
piece long frock. It reached down to the knees. Any one who wears a half pant which reaches just below the
knees is called dressed as a pader. The breadseller used to wear this dress in the past.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Answer the following questions in about 120 words. (4 marks each)
5. How did the baker, known as pader, announce his arrival?
Ans. The baker in the author's childhood days used to come twice a day. In the morning he came to sell the loaves
of bread. Again he returned after emptying his huge basket. He would come again with the 'jhang, jhang' sound
of his special bamboo stick. One hand supported the basket on his head. The other banged the bamboo on the
ground. The baker would greet with 'Good morning'. He would place the basket on the vertical bamboo. The
author and other children would peep into the basket. They loved bread-bangles. Sometimes it was sweet
bread of special make.
6. What did the baker wear in those days? How did he look? What did the author estimate from his appearance?
Ans. The baker or bread-seller in those days had a peculiar dress. It was known as the kabai. It was a single piece
long frock reaching down to the knees. In the childhood days, the author saw the baker wearing a shirt and
trousers. These were shorter than full length ones and longer than half pants.
The author estimated from the baker's appearance that he earned sufficiently. Baking was a profitable profession
then. The baker and his family never starved. It testified that he was rich due to that profession. The author
compares the baker with a jackfruit humorously.
34
English
ALLEN
PART-II : COORG
1. How does the author describe Coorg in the opening paragraph?
Ans. The author describes Coorg as 'a piece of heaven'. It means it has all the qualities of a heaven. The author
further says that it must have drifted from the kingdom of God. This is the land of rolling hills. It is inhabited by
a race of martial human beings. They include beautiful women. There are also wild creatures there.
2. What 'magnificent view' did Rajvir see outside while going in the train?
Ans. There were tea bushes here and there. Against the densely wooded hills, a sea of tea bushes spread over a vast
area. Over the tiny tea plants were tall sturdy shade-trees. There were orderly at bushes. In the distance was an
ugly building. It looked odd among the tea bushes. Smoke was coming out of tall chimneys.
3. What did Mr. Barua, Pranjol's father, tell about tea bushes?
Ans. Mr. Barua received both Rajvir and Pranjol at the cottage. He told Rajvir and Pranjol that that was the second
flush or sprouting period. It lasted from May to July. It gave out the best tea, said Rajvir. Mr. Barua told Rajvir
that he had done his homework before coming. He had a good knowledge about tea.
4. How did the tradition of courage and bravery been recognised in modern India. Give examples from the text.
Ans. The people of Coorg are known for being fiercely independent, brave and courageous. There are numerous
tales of valour connected with the people of Coorg. The Coorg Regiment is one of the most decorated regiments
in the Indian Army. The first Chief of the Indian Ary General Cariappa, was a Coorgi. The Coorgis are the only
people in India who are permitted to carry firearms without a licence.
5. What are popular theories regarding the descent of the people of Coorg?
Ans. The Coorgi people are distinct people. Their religious practices, marriages and traditions are distinct from the
Hindu mainsteam. There are two theories regarding the descent of the Coorgi people. It is believed that
perhaps they are of Greek of Arabic dascent. According to one theory, a part of Alexander's army moved
south along the coast. Their return became impractial. These people settled down there. They married amongst
the locals. Another theory gives their descent to the Arabs. The theory of Arab origin draws support from their
dress which resembles the traditional Arabic dress. Their long black coat with an embroldered waist belt worn
by the Kodavus, known as Kuppia, resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words. (4 marks)
6. How is Coorg a place worth visiting?
Ans. Coorg is a piece of heaven. It must have fallen from the Kingdom of God. It has evergreen rain forests, spices
and coffee plantations. There is coffee smell in its air. The river Kaveri has its water from the hills and forests
of Coorg. From the Brahmagiri hills one can see the entire misty landscape of Coorg. One can see the Tibetan
monks at Bylakuppe. Mahaseer, a large fresh water fish, is found in plenty here. Wildlife is in plenty here.
Kingfisheres, squirrels, langurs and elephants can be seen here. Elephants enjoy being bathed in the river by
their mahouts.
35
PART-III : TEA FROM ASSAM
1. Where were Rajvir and Pranjol going and why?
Ans. Rajvir and Pranjol were two youngsters, Actually, they were classmates at school in Delhi. Pranjol's father was
the manager of a tea garden in Upper Assam. Pronjal was born and brought up on the tea estate. He invited
Rajvir to visit his home and the Dhekiabari Tea Estate during the summer vacation.
2. Why didn't Pranjol share Rajvir's excitement?
Ans. Pranjol had been born and brought up on a tea plantation. He was familiar with tea gardens. On the other
hand, Rajvir had never visited any tea plantation ever before. A sea of bushes stretching as far as the eyes could
see, fascinated him. The magnificent view, orderly rows of tea bushes really excited him. But Pranjol was used
to such sights.
3. Where and when did the drinking of tea start and how did it come to Europe?
Ans. The drinking of tea first started China. Tea was drunk in China as far as 2700 B.C. Words like tea, 'chai' and
'chini' are from Chinese. Tea came to Europe only in the 16th century. In Europe, tea was drunk as medicine
than as beverage in the early period.
4. Describe the journey of Rajvir and Pranjol to the tea estate in Assam.
Ans. Rajvir and Pranjol were classmates in Delhi. Pranjol was from Assam and Rajvir from Delhi. Pranjol's father was
the manager of a tea-garden in upper Assam. Pranjol invited Rajvir to visit his home during the summer
vacation. They were going there by train.
They reached Assam. They are greenery everywhere outside. They could see the tiny tea plants as far as eyes
could see. They dropped at Mariani junction. They were taken to Pranjol's father's Dhekiabari Tea Estate. On
both the road were tea-bushes. Women were plucking the newly grown leaves in bamboo baskets.
36
English
ALLEN
MADAM RIDES THE BUS
1. What, was the tiny wish that crept into Valli's head?
Ans. The sight of the bus was the most fascinating thing for Valli. Day after day she watched the bus. A tiny wish
crept into her head. She wanted to ride on that bus. At least, just once. This wish became so strong that it grew
into an overwhelming desire.
2. Why was Valli overcome with shyness and avoided everyone's eyes?
Ans. It was the slack time of the day. There were only six or seven passengers on the bus. They were all looking at
Valli and laughing with the conductor. Valli was overcome with shyness. She tried to avoid everyone's eyes. She
walked quickly to an empty seat and sat down.
3. Why didn't Valli like the remark of the elderly man? What did she say to him?
Ans. An elderly man saw Valli standing in the bus. He asked her to sit down. He had honestly felt concerned for her.
Valli didn't like to be called herself a 'child'. She retorted that she was not a child. She had paid thirty paise like
everyone else.
4. What was the next problem after Valli had enough money?
Ans. After she had saved enough money. Valli had her next problem. It was how to slip out of the house without her
mother's knowledge. She solved this problem easily. Every day after lunch her mother would nap from about
one to four or so. She could easily venture out on her mission.
5. How did the conductor and other passengers react to Valli?
Ans. The conductor was a jolly kind of man. He was fond of joking. He was very humorous. He enjoyed joking with
all alike. He requested Valli not to be angry with him. He addressed her as, 'madam'. He also taunted her
saying 'make way for madam.' Some six or seven passengers looked at Valli. They laughed with the conductor.
6. How did Valli react when someone called her 'child'? What did the conductor add then?
Ans. Valli stood on the seat to see outside. Then someone told Valli not to stand. She would fall down. But Valli said
that there was nobody there who was a child. She had paid her full fare like others. At this the conductor added
that she was a very grown-up madam. A mere girl could not travel alone to the city.
7. What happened when an elderly woman entered the bus and sat beside Valli?
Ans. An elderly woman entered the bus on a bus stop. By chance there was a vacant seat by Valli's side. She sat
down by her side. Valli found the woman hateful. She had big holes in her ear lobes. The earrings were ugly.
Valli smell the betel nut that woman was chewing it. The juice was coming over her lips.
8. What problem did Valli have after saving enough money for the bus ride? How did she solve it?
Ans. Valli had saved enough money for the bus ride. She faced the next problem. It was how to slip out of the house
without her mother's knowledge. Every day her mother would nap for an hour or so after lunch. Valli used this
time for going out. So she ride the bus during this hour.
37
9. "Suddenly Valli clapped her hands with glee." Why did Valli do so and when?
Ans. Suddenly a young cow came running in the middle of the road. She ran before the bus also. She raised her tail
high in the air. The bus stopped. The driver sounded the horn. But the more he honked, the faster she ran. She
ran in front of the bus. Valli clapped her hands with glee at this.
10. What did Valli do after her destination had come? What did she tell the conductor then?
Ans. At last the town came. The bus stoped. Valli did not get down. The conductor asked if she was not getting down.
Valli replied that she was not getting down. She was going back on the same bus. She offered another thirty
paise for fare. She told the conductor that she felt like riding. And she did that.
11. Why did Valli not accept the conductor's offer of a cold drink to her? What does this tell you about her?
Ans. The bus at last reached the town. It was its destination. All the passengers dropped here. But Valli did not as she
was going back by this same bus. The conductor finally offered Valli a cold drink. But she declined the offer. She
said that she did not have enough money. The conductor said that would be his treat. But Valli firmly declined
the offer. This shows that Valli was a self respecting girl.
12. How did Valli enjoy the things around her on her way back home? Why did she become sad immediately
therafter?
Ans. Valli enjoyed everything around her on her way back home. She greeted everything with the same excitement.
But she suddenly saw a dead cow by the roadside. She asked the conductor about her. It was the same cow that
had run before the bus earlier. Suddenly, life became charmless and horrible. Valli became sad.
13. What happened when Valli reached home after the bus ride?
Ans. Valli finally reached home. She had a bus ride as she wanted. She found her mother awake. She was talking to
one of Valli's aunts. This aunt was a real chatterbox. She went on talking and talking. She asked Valli where she
had been. But Valli just smiled. She didn't reply. Her mother and aunt continued talking.
14. What was Valli's obsession? How did she prepare and save money for her first bus journey?
Ans. The most fascinating sight for Valli was seeing the bus that travelled from her village to the nearest town. A tiny
wish crept into her head. She wanted to ride on that bus, at least for once. This wish became stronger until it
was an overwhelming desire. She listened to the conversation of her neighbours and people. They regularly
used the bus. She found out after questioning them that the both ways fare was sixty paise. It took forty-five
minutes to reach the town. It was six miles from her village.
After gathering all necessary details, Valli started saving money thriftily. She saved every coin that came her
way. It was not an easy job for a girl of eight years. She had to resist her temptation of buying peppermints,
toys, balloons and having a ride on the merry-go-round. When the money problem was solved quite easily. She
planned her journey during the time when her mother took a nap in the afternoon. All such elaborate planning
led Valli to have an enjoyable and smooth her first bus journey.
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English
ALLEN
15. What did standing at the front door mean to Valli?
Ans. Vallianimai or Valli was just 'a chit of a girl'. She was eight years old. She was very curious about things. She was
always anxious to gather all details, why and how about things. She was not very social either. She had no
playmates of her own age in her neighborhood. Naturally, she could not play games with friends. But, she more
than compensated this drawback. Her favourite pastime was standing in the front doorway of her house.
Standing there, she could watch what was happening in the street outside. But for Valli, standing at the front
door was very enjoyable. Actually, it was as enjoyable as any of the games other children played. Watching the
street gave her many new unusual experiences. The most fascinating of all these scenes was the scene of the
bus that travelled between her village and the nearest town. Seeing a new set of passengers every time, she
also wished to have the bus ride, at least for once.
16. What scene did Valli see on way back home that made her very serious? Why didn't she look outside then?
Ans. Valli at last reached the town. The conductor told her to get down. But Valli told him that she was going back
on that same bus.
On way back home Valli saw a young cow lying dead by the roadside. She asked the conductor if the cow wasn't
the same that had run before the bus earlier. The conductor shook his head. Valli was overcome with sadness.
It lay there with spread out legs. There was blood all over. The memory of this dead cow haunted Valli. She now
no longer wanted to look out of the window.
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THE SERMON AT BENARES
1. What were the sights that moved and shocked Gautama?
Ans. Prince Gautama had been deliberately shielded from all the sufferings of the world. One day he chanced upon
a sick man, then an aged man, and then a funeral procession. Finally, he saw a monk begging for alms. These
sights moved him. He went out into the world to seek solution of all these sufferings. He wanted to seek
enlightenment.
2. What did Kisa Gotami do when her only son died? What did her neighbours think about her?
Ans. Kisa Gautami's only son had died. She was overwhelmed with grief. She carried the dead child to all her
neighbours. She asked them for medicine to cure her son. The neighbours thought she had lost her senses. A
dead child could never her cured.
3. Did Kisa Gotami get a handful of mustard seeds as directed by the Buddha?
Ans. Poor Kissa Gotami went from house to house. The people pitied her and were ready to give a handful of
mustard seeds to her. But, she couldn't find a house where no one had lost a child, husband, parent or friend.
4. What did Buddha say about the mortals of the world?
Ans. The Buddha said to Kisa Gotammi that the life of mortals is troubled and brief in this world. Those who have
been born can't avoid dying. As ripe fruits are in danger of falling, so mortals are always in danger of death. All
earthen vessels end in being broken.
5. Describe the main message that the lesson, 'The sermon at Benares' gives to the readers.
Ans. The Buddha wants us to understand that this world is full of sufferings, death and decay. Death spares none.
Death is the ultimate truth of life. Everything that is born today will die sooner or later. No lamentation or
grieving will bring the dead to life again.
6. What did Gautama Buddha do after he became a beggar?
Ans. He felt sickness due to the sufferings of the world. He went out into the world to seek enlightenment. It was
concerned with the sorrows of the world. He wandered for seven years. Finally, he sat down under a fig tree.
He vowed to stay until enlightenment came. He got it after seven days. He renamed it the Bodhi Tree (Tree of
Wisdom)
7. What did Kisa Gotami say to Gautama Buddha? What reply did Gautama Buddha give to her?
Ans. Kisa Gotami reached Gautama Buddha. She told him everything about her son. She requested him to give
medicine to cure her son. He was dead. The Buddha asked her to bring a handful of mustard seed. It should be
from a house where no one has lost a child, husband parent or friend. It means where death has not occurred.
8. How did Kisa Gotami get to the ultimate truth of life?
Ans. At last Kisa Gotami became weary and hopeless. She did not find any house where death had not come. She
realised the truth. She sat down. She watched the lights of the city. They flickered and were extinguished again.
Then came the darkness. And it considered the false of men. It was like those lights. She then concluded that
Death is common to all.
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English
ALLEN
9. Who do not grieve as the world is afflicted with death and decay?
Ans. The world undergoes the cycle of life and death. Anything that is born has to die one day. It is afflicted with
death and decay. No one can save the other from death. Relatives lament when the dead mortals are carried
off like an ox is led to the slaughter. But the wise men do not grieve. They know the terms and nature of the
world.
10. Describe the journey of Siddhartha Gautama becoming the Buddha.
Ans. Gautama Buddha began his life as a royal prince. He was named Siddhartha Gautama. At twelve, Gautama
was sent away for schooling in the Hindu sacred scriptures. At the age of sixteen, he returned home to marry
a princess. The prince was deliberately shielded from all sufferings of the world. But this attempt failed when
the prince while out for hunting chanced upon a sick man. Then, he saw an aged man. He also chanced to see
a funeral procession. Finally, he saw a monk begging for alms. These sights of suffering, sickness and decay
shocked and moved the prince. He wanted to seek the final solution of all these sorrows and sufferings. He
wandered for seven years in search of enlightenment. Finally, he sat down under a fig tree. He meditated there
until he was enlightened after seven days. He renamed the tree the Bodhi Tree or the Tree of Wisdom. He
became known as the Buddha or the Awakened or the Enlightened one. The Buddha gave his first sermon at
Benares on the River Ganges.
11. What truth of life does Gautama the Buddha give out in his first sermon? What moral teaching does he preach
about he truths or sufferings of life?
Ans. The Buddha says in his first sermon that human life is brief. It is troubled and painful. There is no means by
which one can avoid dying. Both young and adult, fools or wise fall to death. They are led to death like an ox
taken to slaughter.
Anyone will not obtain peace of mind from weeping or grieving. On the contrary, his pain will be greater. His
body will suffer. One who seeks peace of mind shall seek it if he overcomes all sorrows. The wise know the truth
of life. It is those who are born are to die one day. So they don't grieve on deaths.
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THE PROPOSAL
1. Why does Lomov come to Chubukov? How does Chubukov react to his visit?
Ans. Lomov, a landlord, pays a visit to Chubukov. The purpose of his visit is quite clear. He has come with a proposal
of marriage. He is interested in marrying Natalya who he considers a good housekeeper and not bad looking
Chubukov misunderstands the purpose of Lomov's visit. He thinks that he has come to borrow money from him.
However, when he comes to know that he has come with a marriage proposal, he is overjoyed and excited.
2. How does Chubukov react when he comes to know that Lomov has come with a proposal of marrying his daughter
Natalya?
Ans. Soon the misunderstanding is cleared. Chubukov comes to know that Lomov has not come to borrow money
instead he has come with a proposal of marrying his daughter Natalya. He is extremely happy to hear it. This
is exactly what he wants. He embraces and kisses Lomov. He calls him "darling" and "angel". He tells Lomov
that he has been hoping it for a long time. He is ready to bless them.
3. Describe Oxen Meadows. How were they a bone of contention between Lomov's and Natalya's family?
Ans. Lomov and his rich landlord Chubukov are neighbours. A piece of land known as Oxen Meadows become a
bone of contention between the two families. Both of them claim their ownerhips over the Meadows. Lomov
says that Oxen Meadows were given to Chubukov's peasants for free use. They were to make bricks for the
Lomovs. The Chubukovs contest this claim of Lomov.
4. Why does Natalya think that Lomov's behaviour is strange and he is simply joking and making fun of her?
Ans. Natalya thinks that Lomov's behaviour is quite strange. He is only joking and making fun of her. She claims that
they have Oxen Meadows for nearly 300 years. She is suddenly told that it is not theirs. It is strange that Lomov
is making a present of the Meadows to them which are not owned by him. It is unlike a good neighbour and a
friend.
5. Besides Oxen Meadows what is the other important cause of quarrel between Lomov and Natalya?
Ans. Natalya and Lomov have already quarrelled over the ownership of Oxen Meadows. Now crops up a fresh cause
of their quarrel. It is over their dogs, Squeezer and Guess. Natalya thinks that their Squeezer is a thoroughbred
animal. He is far better than his dog Guess. Natalya calls Guess an old and a worthless dog. The quarrel continues
even after they are married.
6. Give in brief the character-sketch of Lomov.
Ans. Lomov is a middle aged man of thiry five. He suffers from palpitations, cramps and numbness of limbs. He is
nervous and can't speak and act like a calm composed man. He comes to Natalya's house with a proposal of
marriage but soon forgets the real purpose of his visit. He picks up unneccessary quarrels over Oxen Meadows
and on their respective dogs.

7. What opinion of Chubukov do you form after reading 'The Proposal'?
Ans. Chubukov is a rich landlord and a neighbour of Lomov. He is short tempered and rash in behaviour. He wants
Lomov to be married to Natalya. But he forgets the main issue and joins the quarrels between Lomov and
Natalya. He adds only fuel to the fire. He can be abusive and insulting. However, he grabs the opportunity and
blesses Natalya and Lomov in the end.
8. What opinion do you form of Natalya after reading the play, 'The proposal'?
Ans. Natalya is a woman of twenty five years. Lomov considers her a good housekeeper and not bad looking. She
likes to get married with Lomov. However, she indulges in unnecessary quarrels over Oxen Meadows and dogs.
She even insults Lomov with harsh words. However, good sense prevails upon her and she doesn't lose the
opportunity of marrying Lomov.
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English
ALLEN
9. How does Lomov come to Chubukov's house? What for does he come? How is he received?
Ans. Lomov comes to Chubukov's house in evening dress with gloves on. He comes to propose to his daughter Natalya.
He is received with all the respect by Chubukov. It is clear by Chubukov's words like 'My angel', 'My dear fellow',
'My treasure'.
10. What is the point of dispute between Lomov and Natalya when they meet the first time? How does Lomov proe
his point?
Ans. The point of dispute is of Oxen Meadows. Lomov says they are his. Natalya says they are theirs. Lomov says
that his aunt's grandmother gave those Meadows to the peasants of Natalya's father's grandfather. It was in
return for their making bricks for them.
11. What does Natalya say to prove that Oxen Meadows are theirs?
Ans. Natalya says that Oxen Meadows have been theirs for long. They had the land for nearly three hundred years.
These Meadows are not worth much to her. They are worth perhaps 300 roubles. But she won't stand to
unfairness. Oxen Meadows are theirs.
12. How does Natalya excite Lomov to the point of verbal fighting?
Ans. Natalya doesn't agree to the point that Oxen Meadows are not theirs. She says that up to that she thought
Lomov was a good neighbour. They lent him their threshing maching last year. They had to postpone their
threshing till November. How was Lomov giving her their own land?
13. How does Lomov react when Chubukov says that he is not used to misbehaviour by youngmen like Lomov?
Ans. Lomov reacts saying that Chubukov calls his land his own. Then he wants to be talked to calmly and politely. He
says that good neighbours don't behave like that. He is now excited. He says that Chubukov is not a neighbour
but a 'grabber'.
14. Why does Natalya ask her father Chubukov to fetch Lomov in at once when they have fought verbally? How
does she accuse her father?
Ans. Actually Chubukov says that Lomov came to propose to Natalya for marriage. Natalya did not know it. So she
at once changes and asks her father to fetch Lomov in at once. She also accuses Chubukov that he drove Lomov
out.
15. How do Lomov and Chubukov fight after talking about dogs etc.?
Ans. Chubukov says that Lomov should sit at home with his heart-beats. He is not at all a hunter. Lomov replies that
he goes hunting to intrigue only. This starts their verbal fight. Lomov calls him an 'intriguer'. Chubukov calls him
'pup'. Lomov calls him 'old rat'. Chubukov calls him 'fool' etc.
16. How is 'the proposal' a great comedy?
Ans. 'The Proposal' is a great comedy. It is because of the characters and the subject matter and how they behave.
Natalya, Lomov and Chubukov fight over foolish things. All these create a lot of laughter. The verbal fights over
Oxen Meadows and dogs are really full of humour.
17. How for is the title 'The Proposal' appropriate?
Ans. 'The Proposal' is very appropriate if we see the subject. Lomov goes to Natalya's house to propose. He doesn't
propose at once. It is only in the end that he proposes to Natalya. Natalya too wants this. The play is all about
this. And it is a great comedy.
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18. In spite of being a good housekeeper educated and not bad looking, Natalya is quarrelsome, vain and highly
impulsive. Justify your answer.
Ans. Natalya is daughter of a rich Russian landlord Chubukov. She is twenty-five-years old. She knows that she must
marry and not lose a suitable match for her. She doesn't want to miss any opportunity to marry her neighbour
and landlord Lomov. Natalya is a good housekeeper, educated and not bad looking. Even Lomov acknowledges
her skill and suitability as his life partner. He himself comes to her house with a proposal of marriage.
In spite of having many good qualities which helps her to be an ideal wife, Natalya has certain weaknesses in
her character. She is quarrelsome like her father. She doesn't seem to be practical and prudent. She is 'a love
sick car'. She is dying to marry Lomov. However, she forgets the main issue but indulges in unnecessary quarrels
over the ownership of Oxen Meadows. She irritates Lomov by proving the superiority of her dog Squeezer over
his dog Guess. However, she grabs the opportunity in the end. As directed by Chubukov, she embraces, blesses
and gets married to Lomov at once. But old habits die hard. She starts her married life with a fresh quarrel.
19. Chubukov has all the attributes of a quarrelsome rich Russian landlord. Instead of solving the problems, he only
adds fuel into the fire in their quarrel over Oxen Meadows and the dogs. Justify the statement.
Ans. Chubukov represents a typical rich landlord of 19th century Russia. He seems to be fairly rich and resourceful.
Even his neighbour Lomov acknowledges the frequent help rendered to him by Chubukov. He his threshing
machine of Lomov. On account of this help, he has to put off their own threshing till November. Chubukov is
quite practical. He knows that Lomov can be a good match for his daughter Natalya. So, he at once gives the
assent to Lomov's proposal of marrying her. Actually, he has been waiting for such a proposal for a long time.
Chubukov is a landlord and can't resist his hunger for land. He opposes the claim of Lomov over the ownership
of Oxen Meadows. He even threatens to send his mowers out to the Meadows.
Chubukov can be quite quarrelsome, abusing and insulting. He always sides with his daughter. He picks up a
quarrel on Oxen Meadows. He calls Lomov "a landgrabber" and "villain". He abuses his grandfather of being a
"drunkard" and his father a 'gambler'. He jumps into the quarrel and adds only fuel to the fire. However, Chubukov
is a great opportunity. He grabs the opportunity the moment Lomov comes into the senses. He makes Natalya
kiss and embrace Lomov and gets them married.
20. What are the main points of controversy over the ownership of Oxen Meadows between Chubukov and Lomov?
How and why does Natalya jump into the quarrel?
Ans. The ownership of Oxen Meadows is claimed by both the families, the Lomov and the Chubukovs. It becomes a
bone of contention between them. Lomov claims that his Oxen Meadown touch the birdwoods of Chubukov.
Natalya contests the claim. She claims that they belong to them. Lomov explains that his aunt's grandmother
gave the free use of the Meadows to the peasants of the Chubukovs. In return they were to make bricks for the
Lomovs. Natalya claims that their land expands to Burnt Marsh. Hence, Oxen Meadows belong to them. They
have had the land for 300 years. Lomov is ready to present the necessary documents to prove his ownership
over the Meadows. Natalya threatens to send her mowers to the Meadows. Chubukow comes in and jumps into
the quarrel. He sides with his daughter. Lomov threatens to go to the court. There is a free exchange of abuses
and insults. Chubukov calls Lomov's grandfather a drunkard. Lomov calls Chubukov's mother hump backed.
Natalya calls Chubukov's mother hump-baked. Natalya calls Lomov dishonest, rascal and mean. Chubukov calls
Lomov a villain and a scarecrow. The dispute ends, when Natalya comes to know about the marriage proposal.
She surrenders her claim and accepts that the Meadows belong to Lomov.
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English
ALLEN
AMANDA
1. What could Amanda do if she were a mermaid?
Ans. Amanda imagines herself being a mermaid. Being a mermaid, she would be the only inhabitant of an island in
the emerald sea. She would like to roam around freely and blissfully like a mermaid there.
2. List the things which Amanda's mother doesn't want her to do.
Ans. Her mother doesn't want her to hunch her shoulders and bend her body down. She stops her from eating
chocolates as it would not be good for her pimpled face. She wants her to stop sulking as others would think
that she is being nagged by her mother.
3. Why does Amanda want to be a mermaid?
Ans. Amanda is an escapist. She imagines herself to be a mermaid. She wants to live on an island where she is the
only inhabitant. She loves freedom. She loves drifting blissfully like a mermaid on that lonely island.
4. Why does Amanda want to be an orphan?
Ans. Amanda values freedom more than anything in her life. She feels suffocated at home as she is constantly
nagged by her mother there. She wants to be an orphan. Like an orphan she likes to wander about the streets
freely with bare feet.
5. Why does Amanda want to be Rapunzel?
Ans. Amanda is an escapist. She imagines herself as a fairy like Rapunzel. She wants to live happily in her lonely
tower far from the maddening crowd of the world. Like Rapunzel, she wants to take care of her beautiful
golden hair.
6. What does Amanda yearn for?
Ans. Amanda is a little girl. She is asked to or not to do this and that. She is nagged at by her parents. So Amanda
yearns for freedom. She wants to lead a life without any restrictions.
7. How does Amanda reply to the 'nagging' of the speaker in the first stanza?
Ans. The speaker 'nags' Amanda by strange questions. Amanda replies to these in her own way. Amanda says that
she is a mermaid. She lives in the peaceful and green sea. She is the only inhabitant in that island. She moves
into it blissfully.
8. What three things did the speaker ask Amanda to do which are expected of a school going child?
Ans. These three things were : The speaker asked her if she had finished her homework. He also asked her if the
had tidied her room or did she clean her shoes? These are the things which are expected of a school-going
child.
9. What is the central idea of the poem?
Ans. The central idea of the poem is that children have certain habits. Their parents teach them to mend those
habits. These are for their benefits. Children have these habits because they want freedom. They want to feel
naturally at home in them. Amanda has certain habits. She is politely asked to mend those.

10. Why does Amanda escape into the dreamy world of mermaids, fairies and orphans? Does she find any solace
there?
Ans. Amanda is a teenager. Like all teenagers, she loves freedom. She wants to lead her own kind of life. She
doesn't want to be an overprotected child. Nor does she want that her parents should control and guide her
activities. What she should do and what not, is her own choice. She should not be dictated by her mother.
Mother's constant nagging leads her away from her. She creates a world of her own. Her world is not the world
of harsh realities but it is an imaginary world of fairies and mermaids. There she finds solace as she can wander
in a lonely island blissfully like a mermaid. She can enjoy freedom by roaming around the streets like an
orphan. She craves to live in a lonely tower leading a peaceful life like Rapunzel. She avoids her mother as she
doesn't like her constant nagging. She even doesn't look at her while she is speaking to her.
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ANIMALS
1. Why is the poet so much impressed with animals?
Ans. Animals possess all the noble virtues that are necessary for an ideal living. They are contented and never
complain about their fate. They are independent and don't show unnecessary respect for their ancestors or to
their fellow beings. They are not selfish and don't suffer from the mania of possessing and owning things. So, he
is highly impressed with animals.
2. Why do humans keep awake in the dark and weep for their sins while animals never do such things?
Ans. Animals have a clear conscience. They are not confused or middle-headed. Humans are ambitious, greedy and
suffer from the mania of possessing and owning things. Their sins and misdeeds don't allow them to enjoy a
sound sleep at night. They weep over their sins.
3. Why do animals don't kneel down to their fellow beings or ancestors? How do humans react to them?
Ans. Animals don't show unnecessary respect to their fellow beings and to their ancestors. They don't indulge in such
unnecessary civilities and formalities. On the other hand, humans express their respect not only to their ancestors
but also to their fellow beings. They have a tendency to indulge in unnecessary civilities and decencies.
4. Why does the poet wish to live with animals?
Ans. The animals are placid and self contained. They are satisfied with their lot and never complain about it. The
poet is disgusted with living among human beings. So he wishes to live with animals because he likes them.
5. Why does the poet want to ' turn and live with animals'?
Ans. The poet talks about animals with love and affection. He says that he has found the animals very peaceful and
self contained. They do not complain of their condition. They don't weep for their sins. In short, they are not like
the human beings.
6. How does the poet look at the animals?
Ans. For the poet the animals are more human than the humans. They have no such bad qualities as the humans
have. In their world, all are happy and content. They do not complain about anything. They show their relations
to the poet and he accepts them.
7. What are the 'tokens of myself' for the poet which the animals bring back to him?
Ans. The 'tokens of myself' are tokens of love, affection, sympathy, kindness, follow-feelings for all. These are shown
by the animals. These are very essential for a smooth life. The animals show these in their behaviour. Then they
are unlike men in deception, cheating and dishonesty.

8. Why is the poet so much impressed with animals that he wants to change sides and wishes to live with them?
Ans. The poet feels that humans have degraded themselves beyond redemption. Nothing great has been left with
human beings. He is fed up with their behaviour and wants to escape from the world of humans. No doubt,
humans were not so bad at one time. They shared 'tokens' of love, sympathy, contentment and innocence with
animals. However, the spirit of greed, overambition, and arrogance over powered them. They gave up the
path of virtue and the 'tokens' of love and sympathy. They are confused. The burden of their sins and misdeeds
lies heavy on their hearts and souls. On the other hand, animals still maintain the old virtues left by man long
ago. They are contented, self-sufficient, simple and free from confusions and the burden of sins and misdeeds.
So, the poet wants to change sides and wants to be a part of the animal-world.
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English
ALLEN
THE TALE OF CUSTARD THE DRAGON
1. How did Custard, the dragon, handle the pirate?
Ans. Custard the dragon, jumped. He snorted like an engine. He struck with his tall. His tail was like iron. There
were different sounds of clatter, clenk and jangle. He attacked the pirate like a robin at a worm. He was not
afraid of him.
2. How did they receive the dragon after he had swallowed the pirate?
Ans. The dragon had swallowed the pirate. It was a daring act. He became a figure of praise. Belinda embraced him
Mustard licked him. Ink and Blink jumped round surrounding him. They showed their extreme joy in this way.
No one mourned for the pirate.
3. How did they boast of their false bravery then?
Ans. Mustard boasted cleverly. He said that he would have been twice as brave if he had not got nervous. Ink and
Blink said that they had been three times as brave. Custard only said that he agreed with them. They boasted
only after hte dragon had done away with the pirate.
7. How did they all show their bravery? How was the dragon different?
Ans. Belinda was as brave as a barrel full of bears. Ink and Blink were fearless. They chased the lions down the
stairs. Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage. Custard showed his cowardice in crying for a nice safe cage.
8. What was the 'nasty sound' they all heard one day? How did they react to it?
Ans. The 'nasty sound' was of a pirate. Mustard looked at him and growled at it. Ink gave out 'Meowch' sound.
Belinda cried 'ooh'. They looked around to see what kind of sound it was. They were curious to know who had
produced it.
9. How did the pirate show himself before them?
Ans. The pirate looked like a real pirate. He had pistols in both of his hands. He had a sword in his teeth. He had a
black beard. However, one of his legs was of wood. In looks, the pirate looked evil. He meant no good.
10. Why did Belinda and her pets prove ungrateful to Custard who killed the pirate? Why did they again start
calling him timid and cowardly?
Ans. Belinda and her pets showed a temporary appreciation of Custard's heroic feat. Belinda embraced him and
other pets danced around him. But that was the end of it. They again started indulging in self-patting and self-
praise. They showed their ungratefulness by undermining and not acknowledging Custard heroic fight with the
pirate.
11. What were the names of Belinda's pets? Do their names reflect their personalities?
Ans. Belinda has four pets. They are: a little black kitten, Ink, a little yellow dog, Mustard, a grey mouse named
Blink and a dragon called Custard. Yes, their names reflect their colours and traits. The black kitten Ink is black
like ink ; Mustard, the dog is yellow like mustard flowers. The cowardly Custard has no strength of character
like the dish, custard.
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12. Describe the outwardly appearance of Custard, the dragon. Why did he always cry for a nice safe cage?
Ans. Outwardly, Custard was a picture of power and strength. His teeth were big and sharp. There were spikes on
top of him. His mouth spat fire. He had a big nose that resembled a chimney. There were daggers on his toes.
However, Custard didn't possess the strength of character. He lacked courage. He was not courage of his real
strength and always begged for a nice safe cage for his protection.
13. What lesson or the message does the poet seem to give to the readers?
Ans. The poet gives a definite message. Merely outer appearances and physical strength don't make a person
brave. One should have the strength of mind and self-confidence to be really great. The dragon, Custard had
a lot of physical strength and he swallowed the pirate. Inspite of that, he was bullied and mocked at for his
timidity and cowardly behaviour.
48
English
ALLEN
FOOTPRINTS WITHOUT FEET
THE MAKING OF A SCIENTIST
1. Why do viceroy butterflies copy monarch butterflies? What reasons did Richard Ebright give in this regard?
Ans. One of Richard Ebright's projects was to test the theory that viceroy butterflies copied monarch butterflies.
Viceroys looked like monarchs because monarchs didn't taste good to birds. Viceroy butterflies, on the other
hand, tasted good to birds. So, they try to copy and look like them to protect themselves from birds.
2. How did Ebright show the signs that he would do amazing things when he would grow up?
Ans. Ebright always wanted to learn. His mother helped him in that. She always encouraged him to do something
worthwhile. By the time he was in second grade, he had collected all twenty-five species of butterflies. These
were found around his hometown. His doing so indicated that he would do amazing things.
3. Which project of Ebright enabled him to work at the army lab and at the U. S. Department of agriculture's
laboratory?
Ans. In his senior year, Ebright grew cells from a monarch's wing in a culture. He showed that the cells would divide.
They would develop into normal butterfly wing scales only in one way. It was if they were fed the hormone from
the gold spots.
4. What actually proved to be the most important step from Ebright's mother's side that opened the world of
science to him?
Ans. Ebright's mother got him a children's book. It was called 'The Travels of Monarch X'. This book told how
monarch butterflies migrated to Central America. This opened the world of science to Ebright.
5. What did Ebright do to find an answer to the question relating to the tiny gold spots on a monarch pupa?
Ans. Ebright and other science student built a device. It showed that the spots were producing hormones. They
concluded that this hormone was necessary for the butterfly's full development.
6. What did Ebright do to make the tagging of butterflies successful?
Ans. Ebright raised butterflies in the basement. He would catch a female monarch. Then he would take her eggs,
and raise them through their life cycle from egg to adult butterfuly. Then he would tag the butterflies' wings and
let them go.
7. What result did Ebright do that led to his new theory on the life of cells?
Ans. Ebright found that a starling won't eat ordinary bird food. It would eat all the monarchs. Later research by other
people showed that viceroys probably copied the monarch. This project was first in the zoology division and
third in the country science fair.

8. What did Ebright do that led to his new theory on the life of cells?
Ans. Ebright began the research in his second year in high school. It has led to his discovery of an unknown insect
hormone. The question he tried to answer was : what was the purpose of the twelve tiny gold spots on a
monarch pupa?
9. How did Richard Ebright excite the scientific world at the age of twenty two?
Ans. Richard Ebright was just twenty-two when he 'excited' the scientific world with a new theory. It was on how cells
worked. Ebright and his college roommate explained the theory in an article in the 'Proceedings of the National
Academy of Science'. It was the first time that this famous scientific journal had ever published the work of
college students.
49
10. How did Ebright's basement became a home to thousands of monarch butterflies?
Ans. Richard Ebright used to send tagged monarch butterflies to Dr Urquhart for his research work. Chasing butterflies
one by one was difficult and he couldn't catch many. So, he decided to raise some of the butterflies in his
basement. He would catch a monarch butterfly, take her eggs and raise them. Then, he would tag the butterflies'
wings and let them go. So, his basement became a home to thousands of monarch butterflies.
11. Were twelve tiny gold spots on a monarch pupa just ornamental? What did Richard Ebright prove in this
regard? What honours did this project bring to Richard Ebright?
Ans. Many thought that the twelve gold spots on a monarch pupa were just ornamental. But Dr Urquhart didn't
believe it. Richard built a device that showed that the spots were producing a very important hormone. That
hormone was necessary for the butterfly's full development.
This project won Ebright first place in the county fair and an entry into the International Science and Engineering
Fair.
12. How did Richard Ebright grow cells from a monarch butterfly's wing? What did that project win for Ebright?
Ans. Richard Ebright continued his journey further. He grew cells from a monarch's wing in a culture. He showed
that cells could divide and develop into normal butterfly wing scales. They must be fed from the hormone
received from the gold spots. This project won first place of Zoology at the International Fair.
13. How did Ebright get an answer to one of biology's puzzles : how the cell can 'read' the blueprint of its DNA?
Ans. One day Ebright was looking at X-ray photos of the chemical structure of a hormone. He saw that the photos
gave him something unique. It was the answer to one of biology's puzzles. It was how the cell can 'read' the
blueprint of its DNA.
14. How was Ebright able to identify the hormone's chemical structure?
Ans. After his freshman year at Harvard University, Ebright went back to the Department of Agriculture's lab. He
did more work on the hormone from the gold spots' hormone. He used the advanced instruments there and
identified the hormone's chemical structure.
15. Who inspired Ebright further after he had collected all twenty-five species of butterflies found around his
hometown? What did Ebright do?
Ans. Ebright had collected all the twenty-five species of butterflies while in second grade. Then his mother got him a
children's book called, 'The Travels of Monarch X'. This book opened the world of science to Ebright. The
readers were invited to help study butterfly migrations. They were aksed to tag butterflies for research by Dr.
Frederick A. Urquhart of Toronto University, Canada. Ebright started tagging the butterflies. But he couldn't
catch many. He caught a female monarch and took her eggs. He raised them in his basement from egg to adult
butterfly. Then he would tag the butterflies' wings and let them go.
16. How did Ebright get the idea for his new theory about cell life? How important was it and how will it be useful
for humanity?
Ans. Ebright got the idea for his new theory about cell life during his junior year. He got it while he was looking at X-
ray photo. These were of the chemical structure of a hormone. He believed that the photos gave him the
answer to the biological puzzle : how the cell can 'read' the blueprint of its DNA. DNA is the blueprint of life.
Ebright and his roommate James R. Wong drew pictures and made plastic models of molecules. They also
wrote the research paper that explained the theory. If the theory proves correct it will be a big step towards
understanding the processes of life. It might also lead to new ideas for preventing cancer and other diseases.
50
English
ALLEN
THE NECKLACE
1. What did Matilda do to gain time for returning the lost diamond necklace to Madame Forestier?
Ans. Mr. Loisel failed to find the lost diamond necklace. Mr. Loisel told his wife to tell Madame Forestier one thing.
It was that she had broken the clasp of the necklace. It had been sent for the repairs. Thus they gained some
more time to arrange money for buying the necklace.
2. What was Loisel's reaction to her desire for a new dress? How much did Matilda's costume cost?
Ans. Loisel's reaction to her desire for a new dress was positive. First, he told her to wear and old dress. But in the
next breath, he offered her four hundred francs. It was for buying a new dress for the party. Matilda's costume
cost around four hundred francs.
3. How did Matilda get the jewels to wear to the ball?
Ans. Mr. Loisel told Matilda to borrow some jewellery from her friend Madame Forestier. She went to her. Matilda
borrowed a diamond necklace from her. Forestier was a rich woman. She had lots of costly jewellery. She didn't
mind giving this to her.
4. What happened at the ball? Was her dream fulfilled? What spoiled the pleasure?
Ans. Mme. Loisel was greatly appreciated by all at the ball. She was the prettiest of all. They wanted to be presented
to her. She was greatly elated at this success. Her dream to be known was fulfilled, but loss of the diamond
necklace spoiled the pleasure. It nearly spoiled her future life.
5. What changes came into the life of the Loisel after this?
Ans. Mme. Loisel did all her household work herself. She tried to save every sou. She seemed old now. She had
become a hard woman. Her hair was dressed badly, her skirt was awry. She did every work by herself. This had
completely changed her appearance.
6. What did Mr. Loisel do to find the lost diamond necklace?
Ans. Loisel went to look for the lost diamond necklace where they had walked. But he found nothing. Then he went
to the police to file a complaint. He also went to the cab offices. He enquired about the lost necklace. He also
put an advertisement in the newspapers. He offered a reward.
7. Why did Matilda think that she was born in a family of petty clerks by some error of destiny?
Ans. Matilda was a beautiful young lady with high dreams and aspirations. She had no dowry, no hopes, no fame and
no wealth. She lost all hopes of marrying a man either rich or distinguished. She believed that she was born into
a family of clerks only by some error of destiny. So, she allowed herself to marry a petty clerk in the office of
the Board of Education.
8. Why didn't Matilda like to visit her rich friend?

Ans. Matilda or Mrs. Loisel always dreamt of things that were beyond her means. She dreamt of a grand house,
costly dishes, good dresses and jewels. She was disillusioned that she couldn't get them. When she visited her
rich friend, she really suffered because she became intensely conscious of her poverty in the presence of her
fortunate and rich friend. She suffered so much when she returned to her modest and miserable surroundings.
9. How was Matilda's demand of adorning herself with jewels fulfilled?
Ans. Mrs. Loisel was adamant on having some jewels to adorn herself for the ball. Her poor husband felt helpless.
However, an idea struck him. He told her that she could borrow jewels from her rich friend Madam Forestier.
Madam Forestier easily agreed and placed her jewellery box before Matilda to make her choice. In the end,
Matilda chose a superb diamond necklace and Madam Forestier happily gave the necklace to her friend.
51
10. Why didn't Madam Forestier recognise Matilda? How did both the ladies look?
Ans. One day, Matilda was taking a walk in the Champs-Elysees. She suddenly saw a woman walking with a child. It
was Madam Forestier. She was still young, pretty and still attractive. But Mrs. Loisel looked just the different.
Her face was telling her story. She had so much changed that Madam Forestier couldn't recognise her. She
could only say, "Oh! my poor Matilda! How you have changed!"
11. Matilda and her husband suffered to payoff the debts which they took on their heads for a false necklace.
Comment. Do you find the ending of the story unexpected and ironical?
Ans. In the end, Madam Forestier told Matilda that the necklace which she lent to her and for whose replacement
they had to suffer so much, was really a false one. The ending of the play is quite unexpected but logical. It is
ironical as well. The necklace that bought so much ruin and miseries to Matilda and her husband turned out to
be a false one.
12. Was Loisel's action of bringing the invitation card to the Minister's party appreciated? What was Matilda's
response?
Ans. Loisel's action of bringing the invitation card to the Minister's party was not appreciated. It was because Matilda
did not have a good dress to wear for the party. She had no jewels also for the occasion. It was a party of great
men.
Matilda's response was not cheerful. It was sad and spiteful.
13. Why was Madame Loisel sad as the day of the ball approached? What did her husband do to make her happy?
Ans. As the day of the ball approached, Matilda got sad and anxious. Her husband asked her what the matter was.
She told him that she had no jewel to wear. He asked her to wear flowers. Then he suggested her to borrow
some jewels from her friend Madame Forestier.
14. What were the reasons which caused a great suffering to Matilda?
Ans. Matilda was a very pretty young woman. But she was dreamy. She was born in a poor family. But she dreamt
to be loved and known by the rich. One day, her husband brought home an invitation card. They had been
invited to a minister's party at the Minister's residence. Matilda borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend
Mme. Forestier for the party. She felt overyjoyed. But she lost the borrowed diamond necklace. They decided
to replace it. But they had to spend a lot on it. It took them ten years to repay the borrowed money. These ten
years were very painful for them. They led a horrible life of want. They had to save every sou. But the borrowed
diamond necklace turned out to be artificial.
15. What kind of life did Matilda and her husband live after the loss of the diamond necklace?
Ans. Matilda decided to replace the lost diamond necklace. It cost them 36,000 francs. They were poor. It proved
to be a great burden for them. Mr. Loisel borrowed it from usurers at high rates of interest. They sent away the
maid. They moved to cheap room. She washed the dishes. She clothed like a very ordinary woman. She went
to the grocer's the butcher's and the fruiterer's with her basket. She haggled to the last sou. The husband
worked evenings and nights. It took them ten years to repay the borrowed money. Matilda looked very old now.
The life of want had brought this change into her.
52
English
ALLEN
THE HACK DRIVER
1. How did the hack driver sketch the character of Lutkins?
Ans. The hack driver was Lutkins himself. He told a lie to the lawyer that Lutkins roamed much. He couldn't be
found at one place. He had to be followed to find out. Then he never repaid the borrowed money. He was good
at deceiving the people.
2. Why was the narrator sent to New Mullion by his law firm?
Ans. The narrator was a new entrant in the law frim. So at first he was sent to New Mullion to serve summons on
Oliver Lutkins. A case was coming up in the court. In it the presence of Lutkins was urgently required.
3. How did the narrator feel after knowing that the hack driver was Lutkins himself?
Ans. The narrator at last came to know from the official the truth. It was that the man as the hack driver was Lutkins
himself. He felt shocked at this deception. His feelings were hurt as Lutkins and his mother laughed at him.
4. How did Lutkins make a fool of the narrator even in the end?
Ans. The narrator felt hurt to know that the hack driver was Lutkins himself. Then Lutkins' mother asked him to
accompay them to a neighbour's house. It was for a cup of coffee. Actually, they wanted to see the narrator.
They had missed seeing him the previous day.
5. Who was the hack driver? What really hurt the feeling of the narrator?
Ans. The hack driver hoped to see a simple country village when he reached New Mullion. But he was sad to see its
muddy streets. It had rows of wooden shops. These had been painted in a sour brown colour.
6. Why was the lawyer rejoiced at his new assigment?
Ans. Working in the dirty and shadowy parts of the city was becoming more dangerous and difficult for the lawyer.
He was overjoyed when his law firm sent him out forty miles out in the country to a town called New Mullion. He
was to serve summons on a man called Oliver Lutkins. They needed this man as a witness in a legal case. The
idea of visiting a country town with cleaner surroundings was quite a welcome and romantic diversion for him.
7. What impression did the narrator (the lawyer) form of Bill when he met for the first time?
Ans. The narrator found the delivery man at the station as the only 'agreeable sight' in New Mullion. The man called
himself Bill and he was a hack driver. He was about forty. He looked red-faced and cheerful. He looked thick
in the middle. His working clothes were dirty and worn out. His manners were pleasant and friendly. The
narrator was happy to meet such a man.
8. Why did the narrator feel that Bill had already made it his own task to find Oliver Lutkins for him?
Ans. The narrator found Bill very open and friendly. He 'glowed with warmth' of his affection. Bill wanted the
business but his kindness was real. He offered his carriage for two dollars an hour. The narrator was happy to
pay to such a good fellow. Bill assured the narrator that he knew about all the places where Lutkins usually
could be found out. The narrator began to feel that Bill had made it his own task to find Oliver Lutkins for him.
9. Why did the narrator feel that Bill's helpfulness for him was not entirely of brotherly love?
Ans. The narrator began to understand that Bill's helpfulness for him was not completely of brotherly love. He was
a perfect businessman. The narrator paid him for six hours, including the lunch hour. Bill was paid 2 dollars for
an hour. But the narrator realised that Bill was not more dishonest than him. He charged the whole amount
from the firm.
53
10. Describe the narrator's encounter with Lutkins' terrible mother. Why was he asked to move out immediately by
Bill?
Ans. Bill drove the narrator into a poor farmyard. There they were faced by a huge and cheerful old woman. Bill
bravely went up to her and asked about her son, Oliver Lutkins. She shouted that she didn't know anything
about him. Bill told her that they had a legal right to search the house. This made her furious. She went inside
and came out with an iron rod from the hearth. She threatened to burn them alive if they dared to do such a
thing. Bill asked the narrator to go out at once before she could murder them
11. How did the narrator's boss react to his failure in tracing Oliver Lutkins?
Ans. The narrator couldn't trace Oliver Lutkins in New Mullion. The people in the company were upset. The case
was coming up in the court. The narrator felt himself a 'shameful, useless fool.' He felt his promising legal
career coming to an end before it had begun. The chief almost 'murdered' him. He hinted that he might do well
at digging trenches. He was ordered back to New Mullion with a man who had worked with Oliver Lutkins.
12. What opinion did the narrator form about the hack driver?
Ans. The narrator found the hack driver cooperative, kind and very helpful. He also found him the most agreeable
person. So, he bargained with him for hiring his hack at two dollars an hour. The hack driver's broad smile
made him feel that they had been very old good friends.
13. How did Lutkins himself deceive the narrator?
Ans. The narrator was sent to New Mullion to serve summons and Lutkins. He was happy to go there as New
Mullion was a town. It was forty miles away. The narrator found New Mullion dirty. But he met an interesting
man at the station. He was Lutkins himself. He posed as Bill or Magnusan. He offered his hack to him on hire.
Then bill took the narrator in search of Lutkins. He told him lies that Lutkins was seen at different places. He
took He narrator to various places. These were : Fritz's, Gustaff's barber shop and his own house. He easily
deceived the narrator that Lutkins was seen at these places a few minutes ago. Clearly, Lutkins had befooled
the narrator easily.
14. Which places did the narrator and the hack drive visit to find Lutkins? Why could they not find Lutkins?
Ans. The hack driver look the narrator to many places. First of all, they went to Fritz's shop. The hack driver thought
that Lutkins had gone there to play poker. Then they went to gustaff's barber shop. Fritz told them that Lutkins
had probably gone to the shop for a shave. But he could not be found there. Then they went to Gray's barber
shop. There they learnt that Lutkins had left for the poolroom. A friend of Lutkins told them that he had gone
to his mother's farm. Actually, the hack driver was Lutkins himself. He had been befooling the narrator.
15. Why was the narrator sent to New Mullion again and what happened thereafter?
Ans. The young narrator couldn't find Lutkins. So when he reached the office next day, all the people there were
upset. So he was ordered to go at once to New Mullion again. But this time a man was sent with him. That man
had worked with Lutkins. He would easily recognise him. The narrator saw Bill at the station when they
dropped at it. The narrator at once recognised Bill. The narrator told that it was Bill. He had helped him
greatly in finding Lutkins. The man told him that he himself was Lutkins. The narrator felt deeply hurt when
Lutkins and his mother laughed at him. Lutkins offered a cup of coffee to the narrator and the man.
54
English
ALLEN
BHOLI
1. Why was Ramlal worried about Bholi and not about his other children?
Ans. Ramlal was worried about Bholi because she had neither good looks nor intelligence. She stammered also. She
had pock marks on her face. Ramlal worried about her that nobody would marry her. Other children were well.
Girls had been married and gone.
2. Why was Bholi reluctnat to go to school with her father? What made her feel that she was going to a better
place than her home?
Ans. Bholi was unwilling to go to shcool with her father. It was because she was afraid of it. Bholi was hathed. She
was given a clean dress. Oil was rubbed into her dry and malted hair. She thought that she was going to a better
place than her home.
3. Why did Bholi's parents accept Bishamber's marriage proposal? Give three reasons.
Ans. The three reasons were : One, Bholi would be lucky to get such a rich bridegroom. Second, Bishamber did not
ask for any dowry. He was ready to marry her. That wouldn't to burden on Bholi's father. Third, he had a big
shop and a house of his own.
4. Why didn't Bholi's mother want to send Bholi to school?
Ans. Bholi's mother neglected Bholi, She didn't like Bholi being sent to school. She felt that if she was sent to school,
no one would marry her. She had an ugly face. stammered also. Then she had pock-marks on her body.
5. Why was Ramlal's head bowed low with the weight of grief and shame?
Ans. Ramlal's head was bowed low with the weight of grief and shame. He had done a wrong thing to Bholi. He knew
that he had wronged Bholi in marrying her to an old man Bishamber. He was fifty years old. Also he had grown
up children.
6. What misfortunes did Bholi face since her childhood?
Ans. Bholi could be called unfortunate. She fell off the cot headlong. Some part of her brain got damaged. Then she
had had smallpox when she was two years old. It left her body disfigured with permanent black spots. She
stammered and could not speak properly.
7. How differently did Bholi's parents bring up Bholi and other sisters?
Ans. Bholi's parents neglected Bholi. Her sister were healthy and strong. They were good-looking. It was not difficult
to find husbands for them. Bholi's parents cared for them at the cost of Bholi.
8. How did the teacher persuade Bholi to come to school daily?
Ans. The teacher told Bholi that she would soon know reading and writing. She would soon be more learned than
anybody in the village. People would listen to her and she would speak perfectly well. This made her go to
school daily.
9. Why did a triumphant smile appear on Bishamber's greedy face?
Ans. A triumphant smile appeared on Bishamber's greedy face. It was because he had demanded five thousand
rupees as dowry. At first Bholi's father didn't pay this dowry. But later he gave it to her. He saw that by this
Bishamber would accept Bholi as his wife.
55
10. Describe two accidents that had disfigured Bholi and made her a backward child.
Ans. At birth, Bholi was very fair and pretty. When she was two years old, she had an attack of small pox. Her entire
body was permanently disfigured with deep pock marks. When she was just ten months old, she fell off her cot.
Perhaps a part of her brain was damaged. It made her a backward child. She learnt speaking at the age of five
and stammered while speaking.
11. What preparations were made to send Bholi to school? When did she begin to think that school was a better
place than her home?
Ans. Ramlal asked his wife to arrange some decent clothes for Bholi. He didn't want the teachers and other school
girls to make any bad image of the family. Therefore, Bholi was lucky to get a clean dress that didn't fit
Champa. Bholi was bathed. Oil was rubbed into her dry and matted hair. Only then Bholi began to think that
she was going to a better place than to her home.
12. When and why did Bholi feel that her heart was throbbing with a new hope and a new life?
Ans. Bholi had achieved what she could have never even dreamed. With the encouragement and help of her
teacher she could pronounce her name: "Bh - Bho - Bholi" and say: "Ye - Ye - Yes." Then the teacher gave her
a picture book. She was sure that Bholi would finish it within a week. In time she would be more learned than
anyone in the village. Then, nobody would ever dare to laugh at her. Bholi felt her heart throbbing with a new
hope and new life.
13. Was Bishamber a suitable bridegroom for Bholi? Give your opinion.
Ans. No, Bishamber was not at all a suitable match for Bholi. No doubt, he was rich, had a big shop, a house of his
own and thousands of rupees in the bank. But he was mean, greedy and a worthless man. When he came to
know of the pockmarks on Bholi's face, he demanded a dowry of 5000 rupees to marry her. Even the turban
of Ramlal at his feet couldn't melt his heart. Bholi did the right thing to reject him.
14. why didn't Bholi at first oppose the proposal of the unequal match? Why did she agree to it?
Ans. Bholi knew that she was just a burden for her parents. They thought her worthless and couldn't even dream of
a good marriage proposal for her. When she realised that her parents were happy to find such a rich and
prosperous bridegroom for her, she bowed to their wish. She didn't oppose it to keep the honour of the family
intact. He agreed to marry a man who was of the age of her father and had grown up children from his first
wife.
15. Why did Bholi throw the wedding garland into the fire?
OR
Why did Bholi refuse to accept Bishamber as her husband when she had agreed to his proposal earlier?
Ans. Earlier, Bholi couldn't oppose the proposal as she wanted to save the honour of the family. But now enough was
enough. Bishamber had no regard and respect for her parents. He was ready to marry her for 5000 rupees.
When he moved forward to garland her, she threw the wedding garland away into the force. She declared that
she would not have such a mean, greedy and cowardly person as her husband.
56
English
ALLEN
16. How did Bholi react to the remarks of an old woman who called her "a shameless girl" and "a harmless
dumbcow?"
Ans. When Bholi refused to accept a mean greedy and cowardly man as her husband, everybody was stunned. An
old woman called her "a shameless girl." She had thought her "a harmless dumbcow." Bholi turned violently on
the old woman. She told that everybody had thought her a dumb cow and so they wanted to hand her over to
such a heartless creature. She reminded that the 'dumb cow' had got a tongue' now and she could speak out to
defend herself.
17. Discuss the role of the teacher in moulding the personality of Bholi.
Ans. A teacher is truly an artist who makes his pupils learn new things. These pupil's are his different pieces of art,
Bholi is a new piece of art of her teacher. From the very beginning, she encourages Bholi. She shows love to
her. It is her teacher's firm faith, determination and devotion. These sow a new seed of a different Bholi in her.
With the passage of time, Bholi stops being a dumb cow. She slowly learns to be a real human being. It is by the
love and encouragement of her teacher. Bholi rightly refuses to marry Bishamber. She feels that it is injustice
done to her. It is all due to her teacher's sincere love and encouragement.
57

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CBSE Compendium

(vi) What is essential to learn English?

(i) What is a hobby?

pregnancy and at menopause, all of which point to hormonal causes.

Teenagers and leisure time

Use of Utility Goods

Dubai Gold Sales 2002

Kuber Official Works

Sub: Furniture and other items for office

S.No. Particulars Quantity (Nos.)

11. Stamp pads 50

Sub: Cancelling of order

M/s Jagbir Singh & Sons

Sub: Enquiring about rates and discount

13th April, 20××

Subject : Cancellation of Our Order APS/33/12-13

The Sales Manager

Subject: Placement of order for electronics.

Subject: Placement of order for computers and their accessories

Ans. (a) make (b) does (c) Despite (d) show

(e) and (f) at (g) reviewed (h) say

(e) were (f) choked (g) didn't (h) watched

(i) commit (j) didn't watch (k) doesn't (l) ended

(d) (1) provided (2) joys (3) provide (4) providing

(f) (1) until (2) while (3) so (4) although

(d) (1) provided (2) provides (3) providings (4) provide

Before Missing After

23. Most of us are familiar with the fact

(b) mulberry silkworms. However, insects ________ ________ ________

to produce white silk.

Ans. Before Missing After

(a) silk is derived

(b) However, other insects

(c) fleas also produce

(d) silkworms that / which are

Before Missing After

(b) account morning with a lot of money. ________ ________ ________

(c) It carries over no balance day to day. ________ ________ ________

(d) Every evening bank deletes whatever ________ ________ ________

Ans. Before Missing After

(b) account each morning

(c) balance from day

(d) evening the bank

(e) part of the

(f) this was true

(g) Draw out every

(h) is the Time

Ans. Before Missing After

(a) (1) the (2) a (3) these (4) that

(d) (1) at (2) for (3) on (4) with

interested in philosophical ideas of the (d) ________ ________ ________

materialist conception History. (h) ________ ________ ________

for radical newspapers. (j) ________ ________ ________

(a) (1) a (2) so (3) that (4) for

(b) (1) since (2) at (3) for (4) so

(c) (1) session (2) his (3) he (4) from

(d) (1) cause (2) that (3) the (4) stamina

(e) (1) affect (2) he (3) his (4) him

(f) (1) a (2) an (3) the (4) on

(g) (1) out (2) has (3) had (4) were

(h) (1) or (2) so (3) of (4) for

(i) (1) progress (2) something (3) he (4) him

(b) mulberry silkworms. However, insects

(b) account morning with a lot of money.

(c) It carries over no balance day to day.

(d) Every evening bank deletes whatever

interested in philosophical ideas of the (d)

materialist conception History. (h)

for radical newspapers. (j)

needs to repaired. First of all, (c)

the tube taken out of (d)

the tyre inflated. (e)