UNIVERSITI

TUN HUSSEINONN MALAYSIA

UTHM1 CentreforDiploma Studies

DEPARTMENT OF CIVILENGINEERING

HIGHWAY AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING LABORATORY

LAPORAN MAKMAL/LABORATORY REPORT

Nama Kursus/ HIGHWAY AND TRAFFICENGINEERING

Course Name
Kod Kursus/
DAC 21903
Course Code
TajukUjikaji/
SoFTGNINa PoINT oF 1TUmEN
Title
of Experiment
Instructor
Lecturer/
CU URNAJtHAH BINTI MOHAMMAb YA ZID
Name
Seksyen/Section
Kumpulan/Group

|Nama Ketua WAN MUHAMmaD FATHI 18SYAD

No. Matrik
Kumpulan /Group lBNwAN PUTENA &HAH
AA IISYY
LeaderName
Nama AhliKumpulan/
No.Matrik Penilaian/
Assessment
Group Members
WA uWAMMAD FATH1
d. |1RSYAD DIN AN PUTBrA AA2US4 Data
(Data) 25 %
5HAH
SUJA 2UHAN'SAH BINTI Analisis/Keputusan 25%
2 3AARIA AA2l2783
(Analysis/Result)
ALYA ADRIANA
3. PUTE
BINTI YosuAN
AA 12bFo Perbincangan 30 %
(Discussion)
TarikhUjikaji/ Kesimpulan
DFCEmBER 2022 20%
Date ofExperiment (Conclusion)
TarikhHantar/
Date ofSubmission
2 DECEMBER 02 JUMLAH/TOTAL
100
%

ULASAN PEMERIKSA/cOMMENTS cOP DITERIMA/APPROVED STAMP

gUTHM UNIVERSITI
TUN HUSSEINONN MALAYSIA
Centre ofDiploma Studies

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(SCE)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVILENGINEERING

CENTRE OF DIPLOMA STUDIES

I
I,hereby confessthat have prepared thisreporton my own effort.alsoadmit
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thateverythingmentioned inthe reportistrue.

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StudentSignature

Name WAN MUAAMMAD FAT4I SYAD BIN

AN PUTEnA sHAH
MatricNo. AA2SE9...
Date
 LABORATORY 1A
sOFTENING POINT OF BITUMEN

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Unlikesome substances fe.g.

water) which changes from solidto liquidat 0°C.
bituminous materialsdo not have a definite
melting point. Instead,as the
these materials
temperature rises, slowlychange from brittle
orvery thickand slow-
flowingmaterialst o softerand lessviscousliquids.
Forthis
reason,the determination
of 'softeningpoint'must be made by a fixed,arbitrary
and closelydefined method
are to be comparable.
ifresults

Being verysimpleinconceptand equipment, the Ring-and-Ball

Testhas remained
a valuableconsistencytestforcontrolin refiningoperations, in the
particularly
production ofair-blownbitumen.It isalsoan indirect or,
measure of viscosity rather,
the temperature atwhicha givenviscosity is evident.
The softening
pointvaluehas
particular formaterials
significance which are to be used as thickfilms,
such as joint
and crackfillers
and roofingmaterials.
A high softening
pointensuresthat they will
not flowinservice.
For a bitumen of a given penetration(determinedat 25°C),the
higherthe softeningpointthe lowerthe temperature sensitivity.

Research has shown that,forconventional pavinggrade bitumen, the Ring-and-

Ballsoftening
pointtemperature isthesame as thatwhichwould givea penetration
of800 d-mm. This,togetherwiththe penetrationat 25°C,can be used to
compute
the PenetrationIndex.

Accordingto ASTM 1988 Test Method, two horizontaldisksof bitumen, cast in

shouldered brassringare heated at a controlled
rateina liquid
bath each supports
a steelbal.
The softeningpoint is reported as the mean of the
temperaturesat
whichthe two diskssoftenenough to alloweach bal,envelopedinbitumen to fall
a distanceof 25 mm.

LAB1A-1
20 OUEcTve

Ta detemmine the softenngpontof bih.menwifhntherange30 to 137bymeans

of the Ring-and-Ball
apparatus

3.0 APPARATUS

3.1 Balland ringtestapparatus

 Procednre

Spei men wrs ue xperi

herttdbelere mevt begnn
2. The Speeien et fo
1eft 30 winutesotte heah nn
protes

S. Metal plafe wrs rubbed ithycerine and h-o

igsere placed on Hhe

ne alplehe
4. The heaed Spe w poare d into He

Two steel Lllsvere plaed on Me spe cinnen Hhe

rings eAnd the assembled pParo

aprmro aS plees into
SDO mL beaber with athemo mett

6. Distilledaler vs lledinto He beaker lb heiat

o S mmabove ue upper swr foce ot he nnas
he ealer ws d in the wld wale wtIf the
n peroture reae
place
1 A

he
eHt stirrewo applied inte te batn sh
liqaid tor hea inn process so ha he ewperatue
rises ot witom rate ot S°Cper winut.

The nperaturewns
btumiwous
vetorded
wonatouhes he
for anu
bottom
r skel ball ih
plaie.
The temperatue
hebotton plote.
s recovde d fev SRLond vol nes
Disson

)Sttethe heatinn vnt liqud both duringthe

eperi
ment

.
The heaina ate o He lqdd adh 0ur expeímemt

is5't.
ot Comhent
b)Quote Hhe mean sotfexin poius 3peer

the velue obtined

he meon sotlenlu poiiof our Specimen is S.Is°C,The

Tecorded are S°Camd SI.3'c
tnpernture tov Our Spe cimen
whth ove tue differenee is ouly O.3°C ond we
vue
Consideres os$otteninpoint oS He aveverqe of thet
t readinq is nearlu to the 0.S'c

J the tuo test tenperature move thm C oer

n exploana on.

T the two est tnpevwture is ditfev mere than

1'c, the
test is wot considered as point becedse he
softenina Point
tlerenebeteen he two readine sfor
fvonthe value
of 0.sC
 Fxplaln tke tunttion of he magutic stirrer.

The funthon of he
maoneie stirre is to shr the liqid bath
in heain process So that he liquidtempe rature in
the bath
willbe blanee aud the heat vote fe
liquid
bet
inveoge unifovly

e eortHhe potsble grade o tested ituen

As the
overoat penetrationof bitumtin in ur eperiment
S.93 mm, the
posibleqradeot tegted ihuenis o/70.

Conclusio

obteined
From he resltheee, the aver sotuinnpeindof
bttumem is ed Hhe
objective. The tpertture
seivity
deere oses with incveasin
teinpotut.The seHenine
ean be sed b clossi ituen, fetorin delevniniq
as One

the onsisten otsoreot he supylyono is a sin

Sn ot
the materia ty
ropansi t tlow when expoged o the high
tenperatuves present in vice