Part -6 La Excellence

MISSION BHAGIRATHA

Ethics Terminology Series

ఎథిక్స్ లో ముఖ్యమైన పదాలు
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81. Criminalisation of Politics

Criminals actively participating in the politics of the day is called as Criminalization of
Politics.
Criminalization of politics in India includes political control of the police, state money,
corruption, weak laws, lack of ethics, values, vote bank politics and loopholes in the
function of the election commission.
Having a weak rule of law in India is the main reason that has led to an increase in the
alternative forms of dispute resolutions.
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82. Code of Conduct

A code of conduct is a set of rules outlining the norms, rules, and responsibilities or
proper practices of an individual party or an organisation.

It brings in uniformity in the organization, efficiency in work.

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83. Code of Ethics

s

Leadership Integrity
Code of Ethics is a broad
framework of principles and
standards acceptable to the
Nolan
society. Committee
Honesty Objectivity
Principles enunciated in the
Code of Ethics guide the actions
in Code of Conduct.
Account-
Nolan’s 9 principles of Code of Openness
ability
Ethics-
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84. Principle of Collective Responsibility

Collective responsibility means that all Ministers are bound by the collective
decisions made by Cabinet.
Accordingly Ministers act with and on behalf of their Cabinet colleagues.
Ministers must seek Cabinet approval for all their proposals before making any
public announcements.
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85. State Funding of Elections

Government funding the election expenditure is called State Funding of
elections.
Indrajit Gupta Committee and II ARC and many other committees on electoral
reforms have recommended for partial to full state funding.
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86. Office of Profit

An office of profit has been interpreted to be a position that brings to the office-holder
some financial gain, or advantage, or benefit. The amount of such profit is immaterial.
In 1964, the Supreme Court ruled that the test for determining whether a person holds an
office of profit is the test of appointment.
Several factors are considered in this determination including factors such as: (i) whether
the government is the appointing authority, (ii) whether the government has the power
to terminate the appointment, (iii) whether the government determines the
remuneration, (iv) what is the source of remuneration, and (v) the power that comes with
the position.
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87. Public Duty

Doctrine of Public Duty-
means a duty in the discharge of which the State, the public or the community at
large has an interest.
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88. Collusive and Coercive Corruption

Collusive Corruption: It is a form of corruption in which bribe giver and bribe

taker together fleece society for personal gains creating a win-win situation for
themselves. In cases of collusive corruption, the ‘burden of proof’ should be
shifted to the accused.
Coercive Corruption: It is a form of corruption in which the bribe giver is victim of
extortion, he is compelled to pay for a simple service else delay, harassment
follow victim.
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89. Punitive and Preventive Approach

Punitive Approach is the approach wherein punishment is give for the crime
committed by an individual.

It takes place after the actual commission of an offence or at least after an attempt has
been made.

Preventive Approach is the precautionary measure. This kind of approach can be made
by the authorities even on a slight apprehension that the person can commit a crime.

It can be done by strengthening the institutional and procedural mechanisms to

prevent an act.
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90. Ombudsman
An ombudsman is an official, usually appointed by the government, who investigates
complaints (usually lodged by private citizens) against businesses, financial
institutions, or government departments or other public entities, and attempts to
resolve the conflicts or concerns raised, either by mediation or by making
recommendations.
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91. Grievance Redressal

Redress of grievances means resolution to problems or complaints. Redress means
resolution, grievances are complaints.
The right to petition for redress of grievances means the right to ask to have
problems solved.
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92. Whistle Blower

A whistleblower (also written as whistle-blower or whistle blower) is a person, usually an
employee, who exposes information or activity within a private, public, or government
organization that is deemed illegal, illicit, unsafe, or a waste, fraud, or abuse of taxpayer
funds.
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93. Public Services Act

Right to Public Services legislation in India comprises statutory laws which
guarantee time bound delivery of services for various public services rendered by
the Government to citizens.
It provides mechanism for punishing the errant public servant who is deficient in
providing the service stipulated under the statute
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94. Citizen Charter

The Citizen's Charter is a voluntary and written document that spells out the service
provider's efforts taken to focus on their commitment towards fulfilling the needs of
the citizens/customers.
It also includes how citizens can redress any grievances.
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95. Right to Information

Right to Information provides a fundamental right for any person to access
information held by government bodies.
At the same time, the right to privacy laws grants individuals a fundamental right
to control the collection of, access to, and use of personal information about them
that is held by governments and private bodies.
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96. Social Audit

Social Audit is a process in which details of the resources, both financial and non-
financial, is used by public agencies for development initiatives and is shared with
the people often through public platforms.
It includes in-depth scrutiny and analysis of the working of an entity in which
the public is involved vis-à-vis. its social relevance.
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97. Output- Outcome Framework

Outputs or key results are specific services that the civil servants produce and
deliver, and therefore, the civil servants should be held to account for the delivery of
key results, which becomes the basis for evaluation of their performance.
Outcome is the success in achieving social goals and the political executive decides
what outputs should be included so that the desired outcomes or social goals can be
achieved.
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98. Discretion

It is the power or right to decide or act according to one's own judgment; freedom of

judgment or choice.
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99. Risk Management

Risk analysis and risk management is a process that allows individual risk events
and overall risk to be understood and managed proactively, optimising
success by minimising threats and maximising opportunities and outcomes.
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100. Proactive Vigilance

The word ‘vigilance’ means alertness, watchfulness or circumspection.
Preventive vigilance signifies continuous watchfulness on the part of the top
management of the bank so as to prevent happening of any untoward incidents
with adverse financial implications for the organization and its customers.

Proactive vigilance focus has been on identifying suspected corrupt elements

and then devising mechanisms to weed them out or to ensure that they do not
occupy sensitive positions.
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All The Best