Iel Chat GPT MCQS

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of
migratory species?
Answer: b) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)
Which of the following international agreements aims to combat desertification and land
degradation in drylands?
Answer: c) The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the protection of

endangered species?
Answer: a) The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES)
Which of the following international agreements aims to protect the world's cultural and natural
heritage?
Answer: d) The World Heritage Convention
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of marine
biodiversity?
Answer: b) The Convention on Biological Diversity
Which of the following international agreements aims to promote the conservation and sustainable
use of wetlands?
Answer: d) The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention)
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the protection of the ozone
layer?
Answer: c) The Montreal Protocol
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the trade in hazardous chemicals
and pesticides?
Answer: b) The Rotterdam Convention

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the management of forests?
Answer: a) The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF)
Which of the following international agreements aims to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and
prevent dangerous climate change?
Answer: d) The Paris Agreement
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of birds?
Answer: c) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Birds (CMS)
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the international trade in timber
and other forest products?
(CITES)
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the protection of the marine
environment?
Answer: b) The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
Which of the following international agreements aims to protect the rights of indigenous peoples
and their traditional knowledge related to biodiversity?
Answer: c) The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing
of Benefits Arising from their Utilization
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of whales?
Answer: a) The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW)
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the use and release of persistent
organic pollutants (POPs)?
Answer: b) The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

freshwater ecosystems?
Answer: d) The Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and
International Lakes
Which of the following international agreements aims to promote sustainable forest management
and reduce deforestation?
Answer: c) The REDD+ program under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)

primates?
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the transboundary movement of
hazardous wastes and ensure their environmentally sound management?
Answer: a) The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes
and their Disposal
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of sharks?
Answer: b) The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES)
use of biodiversity?
Answer: b) The Convention on Biological Diversity
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of sea
turtles?
Answer: c) The Inter-American Convention for the Protection and Conservation of Sea Turtles
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the use and release of chemicals
that can have adverse effects on human health and the environment?
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the management of

transboundary rivers?
Answer: d) The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Water Convention
Which of the following international agreements aims to promote sustainable use and conservation
of fisheries resources?
Answer: a) The United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of coral
reefs?
Answer: c) The International Coral Reef Initiative
hazardous chemicals and ensure their safe use and management?
Answer: a) The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain
Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade

amphibians?
use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture?
Answer: b) The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of insects?
(CITES)
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the management of hazardous
wastes and promote their environmentally sound disposal?
Answer: c) The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes
and their Disposal
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of bears?
hazardous chemicals and ensure their safe use and management?
Answer: d) The Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM)

elephants?
(CITES)
use of marine living resources in the high seas?
Answer: b) The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

rhinoceros?
(CITES)
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the management of hazardous
wastes and promote their environmentally sound disposal in Africa?
Answer: c) The Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of
Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Wastes within Africa.
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of whales?
Answer: b) The International Whaling Commission (IWC)
use of wetlands?
Answer: c) The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

primates?
(CITES)
Answer: c) The Minamata Convention on Mercury

migratory birds?
use of forest resources?
Answer: b) The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF)
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of big cats?
Which of the following international agreements aims to regulate the management and disposal of
radioactive waste?
Answer: d) The Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of
Radioactive Waste Management
Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of bats?
use of the world's oceans?
Answer: b) The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
migratory fish?
Which of the following is not one of the three pillars of sustainable development?
a) Environmental sustainability
b) Social sustainability
c) Economic sustainability
d) Political sustainability
Which of the following is the most important international convention for the protection of
biodiversity?
a) The Ramsar Convention
b) The Convention on Biological Diversity
c) The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
d) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals
Which of the following international treaties was adopted in 1985 to protect the ozone layer?
a) The Montreal Protocol
b) The Kyoto Protocol
c) The Paris Agreement
d) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
What is the main objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)?
a) To stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent
dangerous human interference with the climate system
b) To promote sustainable development in developing countries
c) To ensure that all countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by a certain percentage
d) To provide funding for climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in developing
countries
Which of the following international agreements provides a framework for the conservation and
sustainable use of wetlands?
Which of the following is the most important international agreement for the protection of
migratory species?
What is the main objective of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild
Fauna and Flora (CITES)?
a) To ensure that trade in wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival
b) To promote sustainable use of natural resources in developing countries
c) To provide funding for conservation projects in developing countries
d) To regulate the international trade in timber and other forest products
Which of the following international agreements provides a legal framework for the management
and disposal of hazardous wastes?
a) The Basel Convention
b) The Stockholm Convention
c) The Rotterdam Convention
d) The Minamata Convention
What is the main objective of the Basel Convention?
a) To protect the ozone layer
b) To regulate the international trade in hazardous wastes
c) To promote sustainable development in developing countries
d) To ensure that all countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by a certain percentage
Which of the following is the most important international agreement for the conservation of
whales?

d) The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
Which of the following is the most important international agreement for the protection of
migratory birds?
Which of the following is the most important international agreement for the conservation of
marine biodiversity?
c) The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
d) The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
Answer key:
d) Political sustainability
a) The Montreal Protocol
a) To stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent
dangerous human interference with the climate system
a) To ensure that trade in wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival
a) The Basel Convention
d) The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

d) The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
What is the main objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)? In which year was it signed?
Answer: The main objective of UNFCCC is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the
atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system. It
was signed in 1992.
What is the Berne Convention and in which year was it signed?
Answer: The Berne Convention is an international agreement for the protection of literary and
artistic works. It was signed in 1886.
What is the Paris Agreement and in which year was it signed?
Answer: The Paris Agreement is an international treaty on climate change. It was signed in 2015.
What is the Cartagena Protocol and in which year was it signed?
Answer: The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is an international agreement governing the

movements of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology. It was signed
in 2000.
What is Principle 21 of the Stockholm Declaration?
Answer: Principle 21 of the Stockholm Declaration states that "States have, in accordance with the
Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit
their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and developmental policies, and the
responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the
environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction."
What is the Brundtland Report and in which year was it published?
Answer: The Brundtland Report is a landmark publication on sustainable development. It was

published in 1987.
What is the significance of the case law Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v. Uruguay)?
Answer: The Pulp Mills case was a significant case before the International Court of Justice
concerning the environmental impact of a pulp mill on the Uruguay River. The case helped establish
the principle of transboundary harm in international environmental law.
What is the abbreviation of the Convention on Biological Diversity and in which year was it signed?
Answer: The abbreviation for the Convention on Biological Diversity is CBD. It was signed in 1992.
What is Agenda 21 and in which year was it adopted?
Answer: Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action adopted by the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED) in 1992. It aims to promote sustainable development
worldwide.
What is the abbreviation of the United Nations Environment Programme and in which year was it
established?
Answer: The abbreviation for the United Nations Environment Programme is UNEP. It was
established in 1972.
In the case of Trail Smelter Arbitration, which two countries were involved in a dispute over air
pollution caused by a Canadian smelter in 1935?
Answer: The United States and Canada.
What is the name of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit's non-binding statement of principles outlining a
global plan for sustainable development?
Answer: Agenda 21.
What is the name of the 1979 convention which provides a legal framework for the conservation and
protection of Europe's natural heritage and wildlife?
Answer: The Berne Convention.
In which year was the Paris Agreement on climate change adopted, and what is its main goal?
Answer: The Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015, with the main goal of limiting global warming to
well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees
Celsius.
Which protocol, adopted in 2000, aims to reduce the production and use of persistent organic
pollutants (POPs) that are harmful to human health and the environment?
Answer: The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.
What is the name of the principle outlined in the Stockholm Declaration, which states that countries
have the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause
damage to the environment of other states or areas beyond their national jurisdiction?
Answer: Principle 21.
What is the name of the 1987 report by the World Commission on Environment and Development
that coined the term "sustainable development" and called for the integration of economic, social,
and environmental objectives in policy making?
Answer: The Brundtland Report.
In the landmark case of Trail Smelter Arbitration, what was the decision of the arbitral tribunal?
Answer: The tribunal held that Canada was responsible for the air pollution caused by the smelter,
and ordered Canada to pay damages to the United States and take steps to prevent further
pollution.
In the 2001 case of The Prosecutor v. Dusko Tadic, what environmental crimes did Tadic stand
accused of committing during the Bosnian War?
Answer: Tadic was accused of, among other things, destroying towns and villages, damaging public
and private property, and destroying natural resources such as forests, fields, and livestock.
What is the name of the 2010 international agreement which seeks to prevent illegal, unreported,
and unregulated fishing and promote the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources?
Answer: The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.

In which landmark case did the International Court of Justice (ICJ) rule that Japan's whaling program
in the Antarctic was not for scientific purposes and therefore violated the International Convention
for the Regulation of Whaling?
Answer: The case is called Australia v. Japan (Whaling in the Antarctic) and the ruling was delivered
in 2014.
Which international treaty provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of
biological diversity, and when was it adopted?
Answer: The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was adopted in 1992 at the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Which international agreement aims to protect human health and the environment from the
harmful effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and when was it adopted?
Answer: The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants was adopted in 2001 and
entered into force in 2004.
Which principle of international environmental law states that in case of a potential environmental
threat, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to
prevent environmental degradation?
Answer: Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, which was adopted in
1992 at the UNCED in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Which international agreement aims to promote the conservation of migratory species and their
habitats, and when was it adopted?
Answer: The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, also known as
the Bonn Convention, was adopted in 1979 and entered into force in 1983.
In which landmark case did the ICJ rule that a country's right to exploit its natural resources must be
balanced with the obligation to protect and preserve the environment, and that environmental
considerations must be taken into account in decisions affecting natural resources?
Answer: The case is called Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary v. Slovakia) and the ruling was
delivered in 1997.
What is Agenda 21, and when was it adopted?
Answer: Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally, and locally by
organizations of the United Nations System, governments, and major groups in every area in which
humans impact the environment. It was adopted in 1992 at the UNCED in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Which international agreement aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming
to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and when was it adopted?
Answer: The Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015 at the United Nations Climate Change
Conference (COP21) in Paris, France.
Which international agreement aims to regulate the international trade in hazardous wastes, and
when was it adopted?
Answer: The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes
and Their Disposal was adopted in 1989 and entered into force in 1992.
Which report coined the term "sustainable development" and provided a widely cited definition of it
as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs"?
Answer: The Brundtland Report, also known as Our Common Future, was published by the World
Commission on Environment and Development in 1987.
What was the landmark case where a Canadian pulp and paper mill was found to be polluting the
Pigeon River and Lake Superior, leading to an order to shut down the mill?
Answer: The landmark case was Minnesota v. Ontario Power Generation, (2001).
Which case resulted in the creation of the "precautionary principle" which states that if an action or
policy has the potential to cause harm to the public or the environment, in the absence of scientific
consensus, the burden of proof falls on those who would advocate for the action or policy to show
that it is not harmful?
Answer: The landmark case was the Trail Smelter arbitration (1941-1949).
What was the landmark case where the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled that Japan's
scientific whaling program in the Antarctic was not for scientific purposes and therefore a breach of
the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling?
Answer: The landmark case was Australia v. Japan (2014).
Which case established the principle that countries have a duty to prevent activities within their
jurisdiction that may cause environmental harm in another state or in areas beyond national
jurisdiction?
Answer: The landmark case was the Corfu Channel case (1949).
What was the landmark case where the United States and Canada agreed to regulate and reduce
acid rain emissions, resulting in the signing of the Acid Rain Treaty of 1991?
Answer: The landmark case was the US v. Canada (1991).
Which case set the precedent for the concept of environmental refugees, recognizing that a person
may qualify for refugee status if they are forced to flee their country due to environmental
degradation or disasters?
Answer: The landmark case was the Teitiota v. New Zealand (2015).
What was the landmark case where the Inter-American Court of Human Rights found that the
Ecuadorian government violated the rights of the indigenous Sarayaku people by granting oil
companies access to their ancestral lands without prior consultation or consent?
Answer: The landmark case was the Sarayaku v. Ecuador (2012).
Which case resulted in the establishment of the International Seabed Authority, an organization
responsible for managing the resources of the international seabed, and the adoption of the United
Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea?
Answer: The landmark case was the International Court of Justice advisory opinion on the Legality of
the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons (1996).
What was the landmark case where the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea found that
Japan had breached its obligations under international law by continuing to conduct whaling
activities in the Southern Ocean Sanctuary?
Answer: The landmark case was Australia v. Japan (2014).
Which case established the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, recognizing that
developed countries have a greater responsibility to address environmental issues and support
developing countries in their efforts to do the same?
Answer: The landmark case was the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) (1992).
In the case of Trail Smelter Arbitration, which two countries were involved and what was the issue
being addressed?
Answer: The case was between Canada and the United States, and it dealt with the issue of air
pollution caused by a smelter on the Canadian side of the border affecting the environment and
health of residents on the US side.
What was the outcome of the landmark 1996 case of The Corfu Channel Case?
Answer: In The Corfu Channel Case, the International Court of Justice held that the UK had breached
Albania's sovereignty by laying mines in its territorial waters, which resulted in the sinking of an
Albanian vessel. The court ordered the UK to pay reparations to Albania.
What was the significance of the 1984 case of Bhopal Gas Tragedy, and what was the outcome of the
case?
Answer: The Bhopal Gas Tragedy was a catastrophic industrial accident that occurred in India in
1984, and is considered one of the worst environmental disasters in history. The outcome of the
case was a settlement reached in 1989, in which Union Carbide, the company responsible for the
disaster, paid a total of $470 million in compensation to victims and their families.
What was the issue at stake in the 1992 case of the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Dam System?
Answer: The Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Dam System case involved a dispute between Hungary and
Slovakia over the construction of a dam system on the Danube River. The issue at stake was whether
the project was causing environmental harm to the river and surrounding areas, and whether it
violated international law.
What was the outcome of the 2010 case of Chevron v. Ecuador, and what was the issue being
addressed?
Answer: The Chevron v. Ecuador case involved a long-standing dispute over environmental pollution
caused by oil drilling in the Amazon rainforest. The outcome of the case was a ruling in favor of
Chevron, which found that the company was not liable for environmental damages due to the fact
that a settlement had been reached in a prior agreement with the government of Ecuador.

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Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Answer: c) The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the protection of

Answer: d) The World Heritage Convention

Answer: b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

Answer: d) The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention)

Answer: c) The Montreal Protocol

Answer: b) The Rotterdam Convention

Answer: a) The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF)

Answer: d) The Paris Agreement

Answer: c) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Birds (CMS)

Answer: a) The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW)

Answer: b) The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Answer: b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

Answer: b) The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the management of

Answer: a) The United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement

Answer: c) The International Coral Reef Initiative

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Answer: d) The Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM)

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Answer: b) The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Answer: b) The International Whaling Commission (IWC)

Answer: c) The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

Answer: c) The Minamata Convention on Mercury

Which of the following is an example of an international agreement for the conservation of

Answer: b) The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF)

a) The Ramsar Convention

b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

d) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

a) The Montreal Protocol

b) The Kyoto Protocol

c) The Paris Agreement

d) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

b) To promote sustainable development in developing countries

a) The Ramsar Convention

b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

a) The Ramsar Convention

b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

d) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

b) To promote sustainable use of natural resources in developing countries

c) To provide funding for conservation projects in developing countries

d) To regulate the international trade in timber and other forest products

a) The Basel Convention

b) The Stockholm Convention

c) The Rotterdam Convention

d) The Minamata Convention

What is the main objective of the Basel Convention?

a) To protect the ozone layer

b) To regulate the international trade in hazardous wastes

c) To promote sustainable development in developing countries

a) The Ramsar Convention

d) The International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

a) The Ramsar Convention

b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

d) The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

a) The Ramsar Convention

b) The Convention on Biological Diversity

c) The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of