Ga. ee WAST CLASSICAL DEFINITION The probabitity of an impossible event is 1 aS 2)1 30 4) 7 The probability of obtaining exactly ‘r heads and ( ) tails, when we toss in unbiased coins is i) 2) 4 i 4) 4) An unbiased coin is tossed n times. The Probability that head will present itself, odd umber of times is l 1 » 5 5 If ace then P(4na’) D1 20 3)P(A) 4) P(B) Ifthe letters of word ‘PROBABILITY’ are arranged at random. The probability that 1) relative position of vowels and sonsonants reamins unaltered. 2) the order of vowels remains the same. 3) the order of vowels and consonants remains the same in the same order is, rin @i7y 1 Qn 1? 10° @ ADDITION THEOREM If P(AUB) = P(AMB) for any two eventsA anB, then (1) P(A) =P(B) (2)P(A)> P(B) (3) P(A) < P(B) (4) None of these IfA & B are two events then P{(4nB)u(a4n8)} - 1) P(AUB)- P(A B) 2)P(AUB)+P(AnB) 3)P(A)+P(B) 4) P(A)+P(B) + PAB) 8, 10. 12, 1Aand Bare with rat following, (0 MAL B)= 370) 6 ayy (i) PA)+ PB) = PAB) p (1) Only (i) 2)0nn, 48) (3) Both (i) and (ii) Non f CONDITIONAL PROBABH Three events A, Band C hayg 1 and — probabilities =. 21 Fespect, given that P(ANC) = tana ‘ 5 P(BOC)=-, then the values of P(C/B) ang P(A'OC')are 52) 33 a3) 2) m4 4) (4) <27( INDEPENDENT EVENTS Two fair dice are tossed. Let X be the event that the first die shows an even number and Y be the event that the second die shows an odd number. The two events X and Y are 1) mutually exclusive 2) independent and mutually exclusive 3) dependent 4) independent ‘An urn contains ‘w? white ne a ‘b’blact ie rs, ahernathey draw bakin epweta from the urn, The player who drawsa while ball first wins the game. If Q begins ti-_ *¥ The probably oon waantag tho) i 6 ; - ven, P(A BY = P(A B) 5) Wh SPA) =P Fi wad + a vb bo, Bevins oo web . 7 13 42 5S) 6 i 9)210)3) ' ‘| ee af P\(Andu(aan)} = P(Aob)eP(An 8) HINTS PUA)-P(ann) + PB) POP) nt) 9 smneoins getting heads ron = getting (nr) wis n(E)= Geng r heads = Ne, n(S)=2" antl o(E) : - s AcB@ ANB =o = P(AnB‘)=0 ‘The number of letters of‘PROBABILITY’ is els are 4. (A,L1,0) and 11 of which vowe fonsonantsare 7(B,B,LPR.TY) ‘The number of arrangements of vowel fconsonants ‘The number of arrangements © Reg, probability = wa a Required probability = ve eZ | 212u/4'7! Req, probability = qyjay 71/2! P(AGB)-P(AnB) with of 8 IA and B are any two events associated ‘a random experiment, then by the definition probability ofan event, we have P(AUB)=EP(@,),Vo, € AUB Since, AU B=(A-BYU(ANB)YB-A)s P(AUB) =[2P(@ Va, € (AB) wo, € B- A} ‘Aare mutually Also, Pw, Va, € BY =+[DP(o) Ve, € AO BEPC ( A=B,AQ Band B exclusive) .....(i) P(A)+ P(B) =[2P(o,)V@, € A) +{5/ 4{P(o We, €(B- NUANBY =[2P(o Vo, €(A-B)U (ANB) =PP(o) Vo <(A-B HEP (B-4)) +2P(@ Vo, € (AO B)) = P(AUB)+[2P(@) Ve, € AB) = P(AUB)+ P(AMB) ) + P(AMB) {using Ea. (0) Hence, P(A) + P(B) = PAY p 1 P(B)=~, PC , P(B)=3. ( 9, Wehave P(A) 5 P(ANC) ABOO, ci p= - CIB FB and P(A'NC’ 1-[PU)+ P(C)- P(A anu ayes Soe lise Saas 10, Given o(2)re@)= ( then correcta the following, is ) | BSeSbiteythat the sates of thane Teiuare of eau Tete ore aiected oC a Hite thet ty ves a That the number is divisible by 1) jy and *b* are eh wumbers 1.23.3. bisdivisible bys 9 2 oe 116 squares of unit size are selected at random oa a chess board, the probabil ‘that they form a square of 45.4 oom Ue thre squares are selected a anda fom chessboard, then the probability ti Th a ee numbers rec tia cn arn rom senty wedded coupesaredancing| _itimam of conea'ansber 3 at va TE tom Me parr eekcteaat| Tasman? ae 212 2m ane chance that all the husbands YMG 21M 317-418 Hodom ing with their own wivesis | Sl From: 3) ) enor $ ‘From a set of 100 cards numbered 1 t0 100. z 3» ons card is drawn at random, The a * 2, the number obtained on the team of 8 couples (husband and wife) ard is divisible by 6 or 8 but not by 24.15 a S120) hacky dram in which 4 persons ¥ ; wie pra prThew tapas | P24 mere? picicinere is atleast ome couple is 6 3 toa necoulee |S laters a0 po aoe 2 Wy 2) 3) 144g 4)l9fy | Yarvoland 200 are feasts know 7 av coe aig ta a este Sy as, From a are selected at random. The _yearsthen the probability that 2 randomly a ct ‘choosen individual from the town is either ety that there are 4 eet pie whe selected shoes is female or over 50 years is is eae ree < c ye a! yh ag 2 5ceiay ace > 0 Sy 58, An ect bu wil last for 160 42 OF 4g. If 10 persons are to sit around s round ‘more with a probability 0.7 and it will last 1110 Pine dds against two speed | forathe mos 16 days nth. proba persons sitting together is 08. The probability that the bulb will last Be tenecn 130 and 160 da wy yd y7t02 492107) hol aos 3)0S Wo =. a has 3 tickets of lottery containing 3 CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY. Blase 54. For a biased die, the probability for A rt nd 9 blanks. B has two tickets of pe oe eee ee eee ee Slanks. The ratio of their chances of = (SAE ap att Ait ae ‘Such a dic is tossed once and you are told By 2 788 Mate | or 2 has turned up. The 4 sa Se probability that it is face 1 is a ncbatbotX=(h23-—lmmpsebeen| 18 3 4 7 Ambaatate b> oieeamtia| ag 23 aaa sirandam nso and aor | 8. Tu de ar tenet Em a replacing the Getoven at random Tee| geting uot] Boe at Pitbabsty that 4p contains exact 10 Seon denen ier tombe ements is is 4 ay 6«(4)- pias) aNa si 4 2 “Three dice are rolled. If no two dice show 56 Me same face, the probability that eis 9 "=4(2) » oe ADDITION THEOREM spent jee ”. Out of 15 persons 10 can speak Hindi and Da aa 2a » Bis Out 15 per aca pevo® 2 | <7, In secting 2 cards one 22 iby I ra ra ten the probabil 1a sotement from a eck, the probabil ‘one peron speaks ‘Hindi only and the other {hat the second card is am ace, given that ‘Speaks both Hindi and English is he Ist card was a face card is : ihe x cad ect Match for ree Fare iron oEctheram Ca 7 Picea BON ORE ane ST NTT ce — isFHfom LISTIs vrefenated: THe EFandGare|_ Mem nea ee 8. Tencardsmumber Ac ile cor rea a ttalof9 oF mores aaa MPa tne, wit replace ox mised pi > toe ley S' respecte Cyan 2 | apa nSMtAMCaredehncd star Se or 5 ‘mains -Cakeate| a fined as A= the Sara tn ran cari ye » 4. 3 tof r(Fyand PCG) and decide which paig,| uth ienog yesh B= (the second seperti a ne a esac as Seba det crear ets umber? 02 of esp yare independent lefective or both nom defective} _- oR ‘ a Ee inkpendet ie : Pontos ae | 5 je B.C pari indeendent so. -thee cart ae raw suscets| y,_alel thrown thre tes Bye (a chich independent TNaglhCareindependent Tcupiecnettam ameter | gare dened as eon eu | 1m Timetrical dle is thrown Ist anq|_ Jone — 2)Oand are ve shouts toe preset th | Be a yethied throw jp gmmetrical dle ia ed |, Dohme amare eran he ne Sv twosymametricaldicearethrng | 73. Tn iar Aint rwocards are Kine B soon: Hrs 305 0m the seygg Stace The probability hat Ist throw was | surproe a at teacher will give a ; thom ably of face with 6 pointsupward& thesecona | 3S trang ase mestiNE Ree 2» rad the probabil ofA given fac as 3400 of 6 potas S Wastudent estat nto dans Yaa Daw 5 oar a neat pei then he probabil hat he willis at i yfomine | 1 ye ast one tt i 60. Oe cnt selected rand fom ‘ ‘ 7 a BED Eiha wast ns sander 1 1 2s y2ins 9130 Cesnarwccsmberans 00012) 1 a 5. serimeat cones ormag eRe et eee, eae Fe ae SUMMED. we cosines orn ceil eee tisaam ind product atthe BSF] 6, 4 “pare two events in a g Angin appears. Then, number ar rotten Two mangoes ate Taken umber ofthe weet chet THEA ee cia such that P(Ay camden | ements ofthe sample space correspond | geez one af them is found to be 5-9 sma) 1 Ce cal tit es EE that the ater o« (SE) ees toons ine Krol of the des ssertion (A): (8) -% yt 9 Andeciiclitopienpe prtsimbats| 8 ® si BO Seaaeeearaes ABC! He ; y 1S, Twostudnts Anil and Ashima appeared bee er (4) Raney in an examination, The probaty tha Sr uceraAc%| Remon @:?(a)azeet «9. Anerson deavsa card roma welsh} ancsaninaton. The probability tha From B and 30% from C._In the past = ae pack of 2 playing cards. Replaesitand | Sud that Ashima. will qually the Purchases found 3% of xbubbs, 1% | 1)PathAand Rete 390 stheeone, f Shes the pack. He continues doings] Chamiation 0.40.Toeprebalytat i'm bun oe af As bts mere | Svan ee dere pees ee ae decetine,Acsuming that theshopkecper | 2)bthAand RaretTueandR Snottemy J tas it two times Fad te probably tat only oe of thes ‘hows bul andfundittbe defective | espatonof A ot. Aborcontsins Zblick 3whiteredbab,| _ eingesdine efvalnaton e i corn | JAS ticbut Ris fibe ne bal ls drawn at random and kept ON 2010 3012 4)0.13 4) Ais false but Ris true aside. From the remai ing balls another A) The probability of choosing 1) 0.00 76. Three coins are tossed simultaneously. 4 INDEPENDENT EVENTS balls drawn and kept aside the irst.The| “® THE cons are tossed cimutiancossly. 1 Aand purchasing a defective process is repeated till all the balls are siete enced 4 64. A coinis biased so that the probably aroeee nom the box. The probability that | t%isF atleast two heads Dut trom iis falling head when tossed is 174. he gar bulls drawn are in the sequence of2 black, | __‘wohends'. Othe pairs (EF), (EG) and 1 B)Theprobabityofchoosing2)0.0085 | i tossed § times the probability a 3 white, 4 red ballsis (8,6), which are independent? Which are ee eee ‘obtaining 2 heads and 3 tails with hea Aspendent ‘occuring in suecession is ag | Tene omeows bat om Se yf mgt ©)Tre probably of choosing 3) > yaa cceofequipmentwilfunctionwhenall| (E'G),(F,G)____aredependent ea con x 97g) Mee the three components A,B,Careworking.|__S)(p5, (EG) and. G) areal ‘and purchasing a detective ae . The probability of falling duringoneyear | 910-00 from i re faces of a fair die are yellow, fm is 0.15 that of B is 0.05 and that of Cis a i a 4) (E hare dependent and (EG), (FG) a faces red and one blue. The die is throw 0.10. The probability that the equipment ne The probability thatthe 49,65 | twice. The probability that tet throw ll will fai before the end ofthe years sree detective bulb was purchased tive an yellow face and the second. bt 1) 0.72675 2)0.27325 3)1 40.98 Sqameithnegetsa totalotand 8 from Cis face is vrins the game he Bt 72. A tot contains 50 defective and 50 non defective bulbs. Two bulbs are drawn at Wins ifshe gets a total of7. ITA starts the ame, find the probability of winnng the NARAVANAGE ASUNU NACEacd an mmr ga Heer re namber appear alae vom the urn nea ram hewn a Meare wie), Th is dr pability probab 3) M Ss inane th ) i aac mith coin: THEPTIPE gr 6 | gs. There Im Of Which con, ice We poe A tart from yallis taken from the secong hy . ability of choosing a proba feos Bake pee ey ae z a1 n 4s b isone ofthe 6 horses entered fr. 0, and aerate crea ack Fidden by one ofthe ty teats ach eats 1CA tats he at A rides Hig oh! tive probabilities ‘and B. tis 210 1 Aarau the horses are likely to ides H, his chance is pack of cards with game and the gam Ents a spade, the resp GF Aand B cutting spade ate The proba 4 cH chosen at andor 1. Abiased coin with probability F (

isinseribed e and a point with ina circle is choosen at random. Then the probability ‘hat this point lies outside the ellipses » 2 1 : ‘Two persons A and B agree to meet place between II 012 noon. The first one fo arrive waits for 20 minutes and then Teave. If the time of their arrival be Independent and at random, The probability that Nand B meets 4 3 3 Lu ‘The probability tht the graph of y=l6r' +8(a+5)x Ja-$=0,i5, % yd tions that ean he 19 {1.2.3 eta 5 mF a Aropatilty that selected functigg Thy aan random expe Bbetwoeve B= Aang 4) 9 ASS0Clatey are mutually exclusy AandB-A ‘sive and B) 4), where 4, Statement: PAB PLAN B)=P@)=0 (1) Both Land IL are correct {2)Both and I ate incorrect rect, His incorreet {4)hiscorrect, 1s incorrect 2 ith = PAs Pig) fi are Sto 1, then A box conta getting ae (ast 4) 0 andit 4 rn We read a book. On one ey i ening, B ail ere el eee id group Ois oo : at De 3 and b are chosen randomly from he Wacomsisting oF numbers L234.56 with 1 45 Siptacement then the probability tha ula +e 2) 66 A pair of dices rolled. I theouteomeisa doublet, a coin is tossed. Then, the total number of outcomes for this experiment isk. Here K refers to tao 242 AL 44s KEY mr 23 32 42D ol 73. 8399033 103.0 114 12) 132 14)t 153 lod 11182 191 202 21 223 2358 24) 251 260.1 20 HINTS 100! 28 n1S)= aso A= ara 50 99 Since sumof4digited numbers 4 5. ayaz[nc s+ (== Sostes Peaks warn "ola numberof TET Ds i ‘igi numbers emis Hm te og 4 0 Among these 10 muni 3 ie 1 mums, “slit numers ended wih = 2 = 3 The B sa AMET OF digte even numbers with um of dts 34 = 3 ered tty 2} onton brcton Sn 0.0.0 (3.0) 5 TOwaye OD) 3 owns $900. (9,9) 51 way (ssy rle)=( 5) APIN's sequence of four symbols selected iom36(26leters + 10g) symbols. By the fndamentl principle of counting there 036 «36 x 36« 36 = 36'~ 1679616 PINsinall When epetion snot allowed the ‘mukipcationrulecanbeapphed to conclude that there are 36 «38 «4» 33 = 1413720 diferent PIN. ‘Thenuber of PINsthat ontin atleast one repeated symbol 1679616 -1413720= 265896 “Thus the probably that arandomly chosen PIN contain repeated symbols 248036 isei6 =01588 4nc,J=2" a Resid probability Sar 3 only four digits may beat the units Ba7.%a08)—4 ie 1,379: m(S)= {GiAbe heen ofgting3 atts units place n(ay= 15 PIA) 14 4g. tet 7249.7 = 348,74 22401 Fromeachof vale of m in [eimist contain atleast two “S's sine 4 2{EEL ree 9: (8) ="¢ ae ST Ff PE)= 73 21 ra’ (1/3) Reg. prot 004 7, RP za eet and B ative at the plage, nds Ss 8 emote 0) eae Sal ivencondition = thet Moon Shy 174+30<0 Thee eect onlyif [x3] $20 1 ey, >(a+t5)(a+2)<0 ) 12s Now arrange OABC is @ square, where 4 pa) Ntunetion T= A 58 such gay C= (0.60) Considering the ayy js f2)$ 10) Maly ofthe following oe eee ing fourcatego (Wie eo Case f(1)<£Q)((,2).1,3),(,4), (1,5) (1,6),2. 1), 29.2.9), 2.3).2,6.68,0.0,2) 6.4,0,91,0.6.06,1.64,206.9) (45.4 9405,146521.6.9105.0. 6.9406.1406.2406.3.16.4.06.5) Now, when ours oe hen Beeler z ca.t 02.1), cura een es Cn, (66,H) (66,} ene, otal ume of sample points ~ 42