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    12 views16 pages

    Adobe Scan 21-Mar-2023

    Uploaded by

    Hasini

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 16
    PROBABILITY “0 * 6. EXERCISE -I CLASSICAL DEFINITION The probability of an impossible event is \ i 5 2)1 3)0 44 If A and B are two Mutually Exclusive events in a sample space S such that P(B) = 2 P(A) and 49-5 then P(Ay 1 1 1 ys 2)5 5 A coin is tossed twice. If the second throw result is a tail, a die is thrown. Then, the total number of the outcomes of this experiment is yu 213 -3)14 4) 16 Three students A, B and C are to take part in aswimming competition. The probability of A's winning or B's winning 5 times the probability of C's winnin probability of C's winning if there is no tie is 1 4); 4 3 1) 2) 2 1 3) 5 4) 7 A positive integer is selected at random. If A be the event that it is divisible by 5 and B be the event that it has zero at the units place, then 4.7 is 1) An impossible event 2) acertain event 3) AaB 4) the event that the number has a non-zero digits at the units place The probability of obtaining exactly ‘r’ heads and (n-r) tails, when we toss n unbiased coins is r (0-7) an fe, 4 "G, 05 y—~ 3) y VF An unbiased coin is tossed n times. The 1) ia 2 VA oe 9, Two symmetrical dice are thrown at, If the sum of points on them is7, the 4% that one of them will show a face wt points is a \ 2 : 0s 9, D5 ae Two uniform dice marked 1 106 areth together, The probability that the seore on them is either minimay a maximum. 4 5 D3 3 Die Oe Iwo dice are thrown. The probability thy the absolute difference of points on thes is 4 is 1 1 1 1 a i 5 D5 . Three symmetrical dice are thrown, The probability of having different points them is . On asymmetrical die the numbers 1,-1.2 -2, 3 and 0 are marked on its 6 faces. lf such a die is thrown 3 times, the probabiliy that the sum of points on them is 6is 5 5 5 i) 27 2) 54 3) 108 . A symmetrical die is thrown 4 times. The probability that 3 and 6 will turn up xa) 2 times each is 3 Vie 1 1 1 LM Ne Ye Ve NG Let S be the sample space of the i experiment of throwing sim! 1 unbiased dice with six faces (numbers? to 6) and let E, ={(a,b) eS:ab=k} fork?! probability that head will present itself, odd number of times is 1 J Ny az ‘The probability. when an unl Ip, = P(E; for > 1 then corres the following, is 1) P< Py < Pa Po 2) Py < Po < Ps < Pa BP < Pus Pas Po 4) Pi < Po < Ps p. Acoin and a six fince ; 10 pe thrown sinmulta ns 2) x? a4 otting # head on the col f ‘ z he of gett! Me alines ne cols and an 25. Teper erly ee the birthdays of 6 girls >) Sid 5) 1/4 021 wumre » 6 different cate hs of car is ¥ wn p © the probability of De umber always greater than 4 on me ged i 12 these the probability of getting | 26, ord ‘PROBABILITY’ are a sum 10 on the two dice and r= the ‘i FORM inet probability of getting a sam wh isa of vowels and perfect square. Arrange the probabllities See ee WOME bis ‘ corde ely rerma © same. ncreasing order of magnitude 3) the order of vowels and consonants par Derp Mepa Anqp remains the same in the same order is an experiment consists of rolling a die Pressed li! 2). e antl 2 appears. Then, the number of Tir 12° 47) elements of the s: pace correspond 4i7! 1 (212) to the event that the 2 appears on the ki" 2) , > a roll of the die is 11’ 11’ (GIT) iy gtd 2) 5k? 3) gh 4) ght? 5) 2 1 (212!) 19, A magical die is so loaded that the iit’ 10° !7!) probability of any face appe ain! 1 (22) proportional to the number of p ts on its 4) i’ 21’ AIT) face. The probability off an odd number | 77, 5 persons entered the lift cabin on the is thrown once ground floor of an eight floor house. m0. ‘own untill a face with less Suppose each of them independently leave obability the cabin at any floor beginning with Ist its on the floor, the probability of all the 5 persons leaving at different floor i & P, 5 1 1 = “ yi 45 fe be Ds 2» Ds aa i oi - 28. Two letters are taken at random from the 11, Anordinary die has four blank faces. One a lacemarked 2,an other marked 3) Then Ra ee ey probability 5 is 81 30 oy Yin 2 tar Di From the first 100 natural number is chosen af ram probability for it to be aco! is Eze 24 1) i00 io, 2 77. 78. . Two numbers ‘a’ and ‘b’ are chosen at . Three numbers are chosen at random from . Three *]x17 squares of a chess board |. Iftthree squares are selected at random ®. Three newly wedded couples are dancing random from the numb. chance that a’ — b? is di 9 12 15 oa ee Day 7 iS Te the set {1, 2, 3. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. The probability that the smallest of the three numbers chosen is even is E 5 be BDz NS 4)- Two squares of a chess board having gg squares are selected at random the probability that they havea sidein common Three *|x1° squares of a chess board having 8x8 squares being chosen at random, the chance that all the three are white is Da. having ss squares are chosen at random, the chance that 2 are of one colour and 1 is of different colour is ¢ s cy If 16 squares of unit size are selected at random on a chess board, the probability that they form a square of 4, 4is apo iey enor 3), 4) He, 25 2: Bae, 2%, from chessboard, then the probability that Shia bed t= eat LAE teh bone 84. A team of 8 couples (husband and wife) attend a lucky draw in which 4 persons picked up fora prize. Then the probability that there is atleast one couple is Yq 2'!%y 3) !%q 4) Fo 85. From a heap containing 10 pairs of shoe 8 shoes are selected at random. probability that there are 4 correct pairs in the selected shoes is 1) mC 2) C, 3) 86. If 10 persons are to sit around a round table, the odds against two specified itting together is ne VE 3)7t02 4)2107 87. There are three events A, B and C one of which and only one can happen. The odds gainst A and 6 to 4 against B. The odds against C are 1)3t04 2)4t03 3)7t03 4)3to7 88, From abag containing 4 white and 5 black balls 3 are drawn at random. The odds against these being all black balls is 1) 5 to 42 2)37to5 3) 5t037 4) 42 to 5 89. A has 3 tickets of a lottery containing 3 prizes and 9 blanks. B has two tickets of another lottery containing 2 prizes and 6 blanks. The ratio of their chances of success is 3215 42 13 1) 55°28 2) 55°29 90. Asubset A of X = {1, 2, 3,...., 100} is chosen they form the letter ‘Lis 1% 49 36 96 ae 2) 7 3) aC 4) ac, ata function. If the partner is selected at random the chance that all the husbands arenot dancing with their own wives is 1 Ne yt e Z pe EZ 26 Ds ane mn there are 6 couples, Out of them at random, the probability o1. at random. The set X is reconstructed by replacing the elements of A and another subset B of X is chosen at random. The probability that 4g contains exactly 10 elements is 1) 7 2) e(t) a ay If 4c then P(AmB‘)= wm, 3” 4) G0 ar patsy may be couples is y= se 1 3 oe. 2 Die | HI 2)0 3)P(A) 4) P(B) 92. Out of 15 persons 10 can speak Hin 8 can speak English. If two pers chosen at random, then the probab one peron speaks Hindi only and the other speaks both Hindi and English is 93. Let A be a set of 4 elements. From th ofall functions from Ato A, the probal that it isan into function is di and ns are ADDITION THEOREM 94, Three numbers are {1,2,3,0.-0201 random from pility that ris 3 or chosen at 0}. The proba f chosen numbe is Siw 97 Hue 95, From set of 100 cards numbered 1 to 100, cee card is drawn xt random The )btained on the that thenumber ol proba h Pind is divisible by 6 or 8 but not by 24, is 1 1 A a5 4) B) = P(A B) for any two eventsA anB, then (1) P(A) = P(B) (3) P(A) < P(B) If A & B are two cvents then %. PA (2) P(A) > P(B) (4) None of these 97. Pi(anB)u(4c \B)| = 1) P(AVB)- P(ANB) 2)P(AUB)+P(ANB) 3) P(A)+P(B) 4) P(A) + P(B)+P( ANB) 98, IfA and B are any two events associated with random experiment, then by the definition of probability, which of following is true? (9 P(AVB)=EP(a Va, € AUB (ii) P(A) + PB) = P(A B)+ PAO B) (1) Only (i) (2) Only (ii) (3) Both(i)and(ii) (4) None of these 99. If A and B are two events such that ot 1 P(A) 7 PLA em) and P(B) = P, the value of Pif 4-4 ye 22 1 2 Ms 5 100.4 and B are seeking : admission into LIT, ‘he probably for-Ato be selected 0-8 2 3)5 saint be selected of at most probab| ity of Bis The 10.9 290.8 3)0.6 4)04 4 pumber Js chosen froth the first 1 natural numbers: The probability that i multiple of 4 or 6 18 is peer 18 gee ; 2700 «7 100, ae 102. The results of an examination in ty, papers A and B for 20 candidates wey, Pammedded as follows. 8 passed in paper, 7 passed in paper B. 8 failed in both thy papers A and B. If one is selected y 101. {00 Pandom, the probability that the candiday has failed in A or 15 ree wo: 18 20 2) 20 3% | N35 15 20 3, A husband and wife appear in an interviey for two vacancies in the same post. The 1 of husbands selection is a proba ifeis +. The probability that bat that of wi of them will be selected is 24 2 1 2 Esl DV D5 NF ‘A can hit a target 3 times in 6 shots; B,2 times in 4 shots and C, 4 times in 4 shots ‘Allof them fire at a target independently The probability that the target will ehit 104. is 105. Probability that a truck stopped at roadblock will have faulty brakesand badly worn tires, are 0.23 and 0.24, respective Also, the probability is 0.38 that truck stopped at the roadblock will bave faulty brakes or badly working tires. The» the probability that a truck stopped at ill have faulty breaks 25" roadblock as badly worn tires, is K. Here, K eles to 10.04 2)0.07 3)0.06 4)0.08 106. The probability that a patient visiting * dentist will have a tooth extract 0.06, the probability that he will have® cavity filled is 0.2, and the prob: thet hewilihave a toath extracteaone, | cavity filled is 0.23, then the proba that he will extracted as well as a cavity filled is 1)0.03 2)0.04 3)0.05 4)0.06 107.In atown of 6000 people.1200 are over 50 years old and 2000 are females.tt is known that 30% of the females are over 50 years.then the probability that a randomly choosen individual from the town is either female or over 50 years is B ! ain De 7s s 108. An electric bulb will last for 150 days or more with a probability 0.7 and it will last for at the most 160 days with proba 08. The probability that the bulb will last between 150 and 160 days is nol 03 3)0.5 404 109.For a biased die, the probability for jifferent faces to turn up are givenbelow: 3 i ie 4)— Ng 32 0.05 0.17 Such a die is tossed once and you are told that face 1 or 2 has turned up. The probability that it is face 1 is : 2 ae 4)> CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY | Two dice are thrown. The probability of getting a sum of 7 points, ifit is known that the two dice are showing different numbers 1 De fll. Three dice are rolled. If no two dice show the same face, the probability that one is ‘mace Dz 1 3 ds "ln selecting 2 cards one at a time with - from a deck, the probability - the second card is an ace, given that Ist card was a face card is 3)> then the values of P(C/B) and PIAOC Vare Ju a). (2). Te apes nf es Ooi (4). 114. Ten cards numbered | to 10 are placed in a box, mixed up thoroughly and then one card is drawn randomly. If it is known that the number on the drawn card is more than 3, what is the probability that it is an even number? 2 4 yk Ds ae 9) to 115. Three cards are drawn successively without replacement from a pack of 52 well shuffled cards, then the probability that first two cards are kings and the third card drawn is an ace is Ble BIO aie = 3 116. One ticket is selected randomly from the set of 100 tickets numbered as {00, 01, 02, 03, 04,05,....--,98, 99}. E, and E, denote the sum and product of the digits of the number of the selected ticket. The value 117. The probability of drawing 2 red balls in succession from a bag containing 4 red balls and 5 black balls when the ball that is drawn first is not replaced is yt yt 6 34 8 a 118. A box contains 5 black, 4 white and 6 red balls. Two balls are drawn without replacement. The probability that the first will be white and the second will be black is 119. An electrical shopkeeper purchases bulbs 4" 1S Three events A, B and C have os 1 Probabilities 3°3 24d 5 respectively Sven that PAC) = and Mog.) : > from three manufacturers A, B,C. He purchases 25% of his stock from A, 45% from B and 30% from C. In the past purchases he found 2% of C’s bulbs, 1% of B’s bulbs, 1% of A’s bulbs were as detective. Assuming that, the shopkeeper chooses a bulb and found it to he defective LIST-H A) The probability of choosing 1) 0.0025 Lis’ Aand purchasing a defective bulb from it is B) The probability of choosing 2) 0.0045 B and purchasing a defective bulb from it is C) The probability of ‘choosing 3) 0.0060 C and purchasing a defective bulb from it is D) The probability that the defective bulb was purchased 4) 0.65 5) 0.46 The correct Match for LIST-I from LIST- from C is His a B 1) 4 5 ms 2 ne 3 1 o oe wie D 2 1 5 5 ( 120.16 P| 2\0.6 20.6 3) <06 106 142. The probability that a man A will be alive for 20 more years is ; and the probability that his wife will be alive for 20 more years 2 The probability that only one will be alive at the end of 20 years 143. If 4 and B are two independent events, and P(A) = 1/4; P(B) = 1/3 then, P((A- B)u (BA) = 144. A speaks truth in 75% of the cases and B in 80% of the cases. The percentage of cases they are likely to contradict each other in making the same statement is 1)25% 2)35% 3)50% 4)65% 145.7 coupons are numbered 1 to 7. Four are drawn one by one with replacement. The probability that the least number appearing on any selected coupon is greater than or equal to Sis v3) a$ a4 o() 146. 1f A,B,C are three independent events of an experi \ 1 ne BCD = ge PU OW OC Ya ae the increasing order of P(A), PCB) and jyo HPCC) 3) MISCELLANEOUS 177. Iwo fair dice are rolled simultaneously. It is found that one of them shows odd prime number. The probability that remaining die shows an odd prime number, is equal DUS 25 3) 395 4 ; 2)2) ) 4/5 ‘A determinant is chosen at random from Set of all determinants of order 2 with ts 0 or I only. The probability that 179. There are four machines and it is known that exactly two of them are faulty. They are tested one by one in a random orde Lill both the faulty machines are identified Then the probability that only two tests are needed is - 1 \ ny 2 : : ; me 3) 5 i 180. A bag contains apples and oranges, five in alland atleast one of each, all combinations being equally likely. fone fruit is selected at random from the bag, assumin; are distinguishable, the probabi is an orange is 1 1 -\ 1 1) 2) 3) 4) 20 e220 5 > 181, What is the probability that the birthdays of six people will fallin exactly two calender months 92) 182.In constructing problem on yectors, the three components ofa vector are randomly chosen from the digit 0 to 5 with replacement, The probability magnitude of the vector i i 2 eae 183. Thirty-two players ranked 1 to 32 are playing in a knockout tournament. Assume that in every match between any two players, the better-ranked player wins, the probability that ranked 1 and ranked 2 players are winner and runner up respectively is 1) 16/31 2)1/2 3)1731 4) 18/31 184.Three newly wedded couples are dancing at a function. Ifthe partner is selected at random the chance that at least one husband is not dancing with his own wife is 1 oq lerminant is positive is 3 5 2 ay 25. 5 5: 2 é od aS 2 6 3 ne 3 reviews a majority will be 60 120 iP) ») \ 4) J M43 343 ©. Assuming t HHithes of a w 1) the probability that A wins and loses equal ny Sl 2) the probability that A wins and loses equal number of matehes ts 17 ruumber of matches is §) the probability that A wins more number of 17 81 4) the probability that A loses more number of matches than it loses is 16 81 nts, Aand B are subsets lity that A and B are not matehes than it wins is 187, Set S has 4 cle of S. The proba disjoint is 175 173 45 1) 2 4) 256 256 64 188, In a Hed . 4 persons toss a coin to decide who will buy refreshments for the entire group. A person who gets an outcome different from that of the rest of the members of the group is called the odd man out, The probability that there is a loser in any game is Vs aw 3) 1/2 4) 1/5 189. A box contains 24 identical balls of which 12 are white and 12 are black. The balls are drawn at random from the box one ata time with replacement. The probability that a white ball is drawn for the 4th time on the 7th draw is 27 5 3 1 Diz 03 DF 45 190, By rolling a die the following events are considered, E, = {5,3, 1}, E, = {3s 2s} E,= re 1 flee 191. . 4, 3, 2}. The arrangement op robabilities ) B:P(E,UB,) C: P(E, OE,) D P(E, OE) in the descending order is 1) B.A, €, D 2)D,C, A,B 3) C, B, A, D 4)B,A,D,c Thesum of two natural numbers 29, p the chance that their product less thangy is AL ees a 1 ig as io Sie KEY 1)3 1)2 3)3 4)4 5)2 6)3 13 8)2 92 10)3 11)3 12) 0.555 13)3 14)2 15) 1 16)3 17)2 18)1 19)0.42 20)3 213 -22)3°——-23)0.011 24)3 25)3 26)1«-27)2——28) 0.83 20)4 30)3 31) 0.07 32)2 33)2 342 35) 1 36)3 37) 0.40 38)3 39)2 40)1 41) 0,12 42)3 43) 0.5 44)3 45)1 46)2 47)3 48)3 49)2 50)3 51)1 52)1 53)2 54)3 55)3 56)3 57)0.625 58) 2 59)2 60)3 61) 0.56 62)1 63)2 64)3 65) 4 66) 1 67)4 68) 1 69)370)2 71) 0.11 72)2 73)1 74)0.058 75)4 76) 1 772)2 —-78)1 79)3 80)! 811 8293 -83)3— 844 85)1 86)3—87)3 88)2 893 90)4 = 9292) 02 930.9 943 951 96)! 971 98)3 99410002 1014 102)3 103)3 100! 105)4 106)1 1071 108)3 n(E) = Gening r heads =n, n(S)=2 1092 110)2 111)3— 112) 0.076 32 14)2—11S)1— 116) 0,108 P(t) 7) 1 118)0.09 119)4 —120)3 y2 1222 1234 124) P(E) 1294 1261 1273 1283 1292 1302 131)4 — 132)3 Req, Prob 1333 134)0.259135)3 136) 0.562 . 1372 138)2 139) 0.761 140) 4 PE Si 1413 142)0.46 143)1144)2 es 1451 146)1147)2—148)2 M1. Ple-d=4)=36=5 jt 1503) 151)3—152)1 ges 153)2 154)3 155)3 156) 0.75 vse 153 1583 159)4 —160)4 n(E)=0(2,2.2)¢n(330)+0(321) 113 162)4 163)1 1643 165)3 166)0.178167)2 168)3 161 1704 171)2 1721 17390.083174) 1 175)1—176)4 1771 178)1 179)1 180) 4 ys1)1 182)1 183)1—184)3 1851 186)2 187)1 188) 1893 190)1 191) 1 B,

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