1. Efficiency: Efficiency means doing the task correctly and with minimum cost.

Example: Say, a company's target production is 5,000 units in a year. The

manager wants to achieve the production target by cutting down costs. He was
able to cut down costs but could not achieve the target production. In this case,
the manager was efficient but not effective.

2. Top Level. Functions of the top level of management: (Any three)

1. To co-ordinate the activities of different departments.
2. To be responsible for welfare and survival of the organisation.
3. To formulate overall organisational goals and strategies for their
achievement. 4. To be responsible for all the activities of the business and for
its impact on the society.

3. The objectives discussed in above para are

(i) Organisational objectives
(ii) Social Objectives

4. The team is working at middle level and the function the team may perform
other than those mentioned is – Co-operate with other departments for smooth
functioning of the organisation.

5. Middle Level Management. (Explain Functions)

6. Top Level Management. (Explain Functions)

7. (i) Continuous process

Relevant line - "often, it is observed ………………. their motivation."
(ii) Group activities
Relevant line - "Job of management ………………. work together."

8. (i) Management is a group activity.

(ii) Management helps in achieving group goal.
(iii) Coordination.

9. (i) Rohan: Supervisory level, Sohan: Middle level, Mohan: Top level
(ii) Functions of each level.

10.

11. (a) Nature of management highlighted above is "Management as an Art"

 (b) The other two aspects of nature of management are:
(i) Management as Science. (ii) Management as Profession.

12. (i) Coordination

(ii) Give features of coordination

13.

14. (i) (a) Dynamic (b) Goal-oriented.

(ii) (a) Planning (b) Controlling

15.