WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

OBJECTIVES: The student should be made to:

To understand and gain complete knowledge about
 Basic wireless , cellular concepts
 Mobile Channels
 Standards 1G,2G, 3GBasic system available
 Know the characteristic of wireless channel
 Learn the various cellular architectures
 Understand the concepts behind various digital signaling schemes for fading channels
 Be familiar the various multipath mitigation techniques
 Understand the various multiple antenna systems

UNIT I WIRELESS CHANNELS

Large scale path loss – Path loss models: Free Space and Two-Ray models -Link Budget design – Small scale
fading- Parameters of mobile multipath channels – Time dispersion parameters-Coherence bandwidth – Doppler
spread & Coherence time, Fading due to Multipath time delay spread – flat fading – frequency selective fading –
Fading due to Doppler spread – fast fading – slow fading.

STANDARDS AND CELLULAR CONCEPT Introduction - Standards: AMPS, GSM, CDMA (IS-95).
Cellular Concept and Frequency Reuse, Overview of Multiple Access Schemes, Channel Assignment and Hand
off, Interference and system capacity, Trunking and Erlang capacity calculations.

UNIT II CELLULAR ARCHITECTURE

Multiple Access techniques - FDMA, TDMA, CDMA – Capacity calculations–Cellular concept- Frequency
reuse - channel assignment- hand off- interference & system capacity- trunking & grade of service – Coverage
and capacity improvement.

MOBILE RADIO PROPAGATION: Radio wave propagation issues in Personal wireless systems,
Elementary treatment of Propagation Models, Multipath fading and base band impulse response models,
Parameters of mobile multipath channels

UNIT III DIGITAL SIGNALING FOR FADING CHANNELS

Structure of a wireless communication link, Principles of Offset-QPSK, p/4-DQPSK, Minimum Shift Keying,
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying, Error performance in fading channels, OFDM principle – Cyclic prefix,
Windowing, PAPR.

MODULATION AND SIGNAL PROCESSING: Digital modulation techniques for mobile communications:
BPSK, DPSK - π/4 QPSK - OQPSK - GMSK. Equalization, Diversity -Rake receiver concepts–Speech coding
(LPC, CELP).

UNIT IV MULTIPATH MITIGATION TECHNIQUES

Equalisation – Adaptive equalization, Linear and Non-Linear equalization, Zero forcing and LMS Algorithms.
Diversity – Micro and Macrodiversity, Diversity combining techniques, Error probability in fading channels
with diversity reception, Rake receiver.

WIRELESS LAN STANDARD:IEEE 802.11 Architecture and Services - IEEE 802.11 Medium Access
Control- IEEE 802.11 Physical layer

UNIT V MULTIPLE ANTENNA TECHNIQUES

MIMO systems – spatial multiplexing -System model -Pre-coding - Beam forming - transmitter diversity,
receiver diversity- Channel state information-capacity in fading and non-fading channels.
BLUETOOTH: Overview-Radio specifications-Base band specifications-Link Manager Specification-Logical
Link Control and Adaptation Protocol.

OUTCOMES: At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
 Characterize wireless channels
 Design and implement various signaling schemes for fading channels
 Design a cellular system
 Compare multipath mitigation techniques and analyze their performance
 Design and implement systems with transmit/receive diversity and MIMO systems and analyze their
performance

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Rappaport,T.S., “Wireless communications”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2010.
2. Andreas.F. Molisch, “Wireless Communications”, John Wiley – India, 2006.

REFERENCES:
1. David Tse and Pramod Viswanath, “Fundamentals of Wireless Communication”, Cambridge University
Press, 2005.
2. Upena Dalal, “ Wireless Communication”, Oxford University Press, 2009.
3. Van Nee, R. and Ramji Prasad, “OFDM for wireless multimedia communications”, Artech House, 2000.
4. William Stallings, “ Wireless Communication & Networking”, Pearson Education Asia, 2004
5. Feher K. “Wireless Digital Communications”, Pearson education.
6. Lee W.C.Y, “Mobile Communications Engineering: Theory & Applications”, McGraw Hill, New York
2nd Edition, 1998.
7. Schiller, “Mobile Communication”, Pearson Education Asia Ltd., 2000.