1.

Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault.

This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake.
When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little.
2. a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by
gravitational attraction
3. The deepest part of the ocean is called the Challenger Deep and is located beneath the
western Pacific Ocean in the southern end of the Mariana Trench, which runs several
hundred kilometers southwest of the U.S. territorial island of Guam. Challenger Deep is
approximately 36,200 feet deep
4. a mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a
funnel-shaped cloud and advancing beneath a large storm system.
5. The largest rainforests are in the Amazon River Basin (South America), the Congo River
Basin (western Africa), and throughout much of southeast Asia. Smaller rainforests are
located in Central America, Madagascar, Australia and nearby islands, India, and other
locations in the tropics.
6. an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas.
7. Photosynthesis can happen in plants because they have chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the
pigment that makes plants green. Chlorophyll captures the Sun's energy and uses it to
make sugars out of carbon dioxide from the air and water. The sugars fuel a plant's roots,
stems, and leaves so the plant can grow.
8. the branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants.
9. Scavenging is both a carnivorous and a herbivorous feeding behavior in which the
scavenger feeds on dead animal and plant material present in its habitat. The eating of
carrion from the same species is referred to as cannibalism
10. a barometer that records its readings on a moving chart.
11. The world's smallest flowering plant is the water meal, or Wolffia globosa. Found all
over the planet, this bright green oval plant is about the size of a grain of rice! Wolffia is
the smallest genus of the aquatic plants known as duckweeds, which are part of the
family Lemnaceae
12. 149.6 million km
13. seven
14. 71%
15. Laika. In 1957, Laika became the first animal launched into orbit, paving the way for
human spaceflight. This photograph shows her in a flight harness