CONCEPT CARING IN NURSING

1. INTRODUCTION:
Historically, what nursing care really means has been defined in different points of view,
from the same meaning and essence of
nursing to the phrase often repeated by nurses, which is
Daily direct care of patients. On the factual basis, the conceptualization of care in the field
was raised by the important academic works of theorists
like Lininger, Watson, Ray, Gait, and others, these works began to appear in the 1970s and
1980s.
The concept of caring in nursing is presented in foreign literature with various definitions. In
the affective sphere in the Czech sociocultural context it is understood as effort or care for
the benefit or healthy development
of someone or something. Caring is a way of connecting with
other people through whom we become acquainted with the
perceptions and experiences of the other person.
This is help for those who need it, it is to provide support and assistance to improve the
quality of life or maintain it. It is granted in a humane, dignified and empathetic way. Caring
is natural and characteristic of all humanity.

2. DEVELOPMENT:

The following selection criteria were specified for the literary review: English language,
reviewed articles or expert studies. The first publications dealing with the clarification of
nursing care concepts date from the 1970s and
1980. For this reason, the time period for the searched items was determined as
from 1970 to 2015. Publications from the first periods focused mainly on philosophical
treatises. Articles that publish qualitative research results
they began to appear later.
Results
The results of the established analysis of the identified articles show that the explanation of
the term caring in nursing can be described from different perspectives, as we could see in
box 1 of the text.
Two central aspects are important to express the concept of caring in nursing: the nurses'
perspective and the patients' perspective.
Care as a relationship between nurse and patient:
Perceived care emphasizes the creation of a quality relationship between nurses and
patients (Wilkin, Slevin, 2004; Gustafsson et al., 2009; Yam, Rossiter, 2009; Andersson et
al., 2015). Nurses perceive themselves as an "ethical instrument of
care”, to try to reach an individual understanding of each patient and the impact of the
disease on her daily life. They express a sincere desire to listen.
and help, through care and charity, care is the essence of care.
Experience and sensitivity are important in aspects of care, and emphasize therapeutic
aspects: the effect of touch, not only as a means of greeting, but also
also as a show of respect for the person as a whole (Wilkin, Slevin, 2004; Yam, Rossiter,
2009; Andersson et al., 2015). Critical care nurses place an emphasis on the provision of
 information, which reduces patient anxiety, and activities to overcome difficulties, for
example, when the patient is
unconscious, unresponsive, or intubated (Wilkin, Slevin, 2004). Care as protection and
support of the patient's best interest: From this perspective, care is perceived as the careful
treatment of the patient in cooperation with other medical professionals. Nurses are holders
of specialized information about the current state of the patient and her wishes. Nurses also
act as advocates and guardians of patients' rights, view care from the patient's point of
view, and also consider the situation in a broader context.
Nurses support their patients when they are unconscious or under sedation, and when a
multidisciplinary team is treating them (Wilkin, Slevin, 2004; Gustafsson et al.
al., 2009; Andersson et al., 2015).
Caring as nursing intervention:
Nurses understand care in this descriptive category as patient and attentive vigilance and
actions that lead to alleviation or alleviation of symptoms and increased comfort. They try to
understand the symptoms of patients' diseases and their body language through
observation and evaluation of vital functions, integrating important objective and subjective
symptoms with other data. treatment of nurses
with difficult situations and decide whether to act or wait and monitor the patient carefully.
Caring is, thus, also the collection of data about patients that create the basis for nursing
diagnoses, qualifications and intervention to meet the individual biopsychosocial needs and
spiritual needs of patients: identification, risk assessment and prevention of falls, ulceration
and
malnutrition. (Yam, Rossiter, 2009; Wilkin and Slevin, 2004; Andersson et al., 2015).

Care as a contextual link to multiple aspects

According to nurses, care is often influenced by the context in which it takes place. is
scarce when there is a full load of work and at the same time
Insufficient staff and time available for direct care of each patient is limited. In such
situations, priority is given to quantifiable outcomes, treatment, and essential patient care
(Wilkin, Slevin, 2004; Andersson et al., 2015).
They must also have a great deal of experience, knowledge and an overview of new trends,
for example in medical procedures. According to Yam and Rossiter (2009)

3. CONCLUSIONS

Nursing care is perceived differently, and although there are areas where nurses and
patients agree, it is not easy to define the phenomenon of the nurse, whose skills, personal
maturity, and mutual sensitivity create protection, emotional support, and meeting
biopsychosocial needs. of psychopatients. It is equally important to create a favorable
environment in which this process can take place. However, this requires nursing
experience and is influenced by factors such as personal safety, workload, available time,
and the client's health.