ISLAMIC THEOLOGY (ISB539)

FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT (BA 249)

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

PREPARED TO:

SIR HEIZAL HEZRY OMAR

PREPARED BY:

NUR FARAH ATIQAH BINTI NOR AZMAN (2021155805)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 This is to thank everyone who helped make this project a reality without whom it would
not have been possible. First and foremost, I'd want to express my gratitude to my friends who
provided tremendous assistance, committed a significant amount of time to it, and helped me
comprehend how to complete this project. The project would not have been completed without
their supervision. Thank you also to my lecturer, Sir Heizal Hezry Omar and my beloved friends
who are willing to help me in completing this project.

Based on the questions that I have collected, I feel so happy with the respondents’ questions
which they look like excited and curious to know more about Islam. For me, it is one of the way
for them to know more about Islam by having this type of assignment. Sometimes, I also can
gain new knowledge from their questions. It makes me think that Islam is not a religion that can
be simplify by others just like that. Islam religion has its own principle, strategic reasons and no
one can deny it. I hope that everyone will clearly understand with my explanation in this
assignment and I do really hope that we together will get Allah’s blessing for doing this kind of
Jihad activity.
 QUESTIONER RELATIONSHIP MEDIUM
Q1 - Why are so many men praying Camelia Cyntia
Schoolmate Google form
together at mosque on Friday? Peter
Q2 - Why Islam cannot eat pork?
Jolwyn Friends of friends Google form

Q3 - Do Muslims believe in Bible and Whatsapp

Hor Jia Jian Schoolmate
Taurah? application

Q4 - Why Muslims pray 5 times per

day? Samuel Workmate Google form

Q5 - Why does women in Islam wear

scarf? Jenny Schoolmate Google form

Q6 - Why does a Muslim cannot marry

with non-Muslim? Miss Josephine Neighbour Interview

Q7 - Why does Islam only allowed

burial process instead of cremation Shenny Cheah Yenn
Schoolmate Google form
process for the deceased? Li

Q8 - Is there any female prophet? Why

Whatsapp
all prophets are men? Yong Hao Yee Schoolmate
application
Q9 - Why non-Muslim are not allowed
Whatsapp
to go to Makkah? Mr Lim Teacher
application
Q10 - Why Muslims are not allowed to
make a tattoo? Madam Wong Neighbour Interview
QUESTION 1 - Why are so many men praying together at mosque on Friday?

 The Muslim week concludes on Friday, with a special midday service that all adult, male,
free Muslims are required to attend.
 In Islam, Friday is the most important and meaningful day. In a chapter titled "Al-
Jumah," which means "the day of assemblage" and is also the Arabic word for Friday, the
Qur'an emphasises the significance of Friday as a hallowed day of worship.
 According to Quran,

"O you who believe!" it says. When you hear the call to congregational (Friday)
prayer, go straight to God's recollection and stop trading. If you only knew, that
would be better for you."

 Muslims believe that Friday was designated by God as a special day of worship. In
addition to the prayer, which is shorter than regular noon prayers, Friday services include
a sermon, which is normally delivered by a professional male Muslim clergy member in
Muslim majority nations, but is also delivered by a male lay community member in the
West.
 Muslim men are obligated to attend Friday prayers if they are not travelling, whereas
Muslim women are given the option to attend due to their traditional position in the home
at the time Islam was founded.
 Muslims bathe, apply perfume, and brush their teeth before prayers to make themselves
presentable to their fellow worshippers.
 The Prophet Muhammad emphasised the importance of praying in groups rather than
alone, promising spiritual benefits such as answered prayers and pardon for sins.
According to the Prophet, attending Friday prayers is akin to praying and fasting for a
whole year.

Reference(s): Rose S. Aslan. What is the significant of Friday prayers in Islam?.

https://theconversation.com/what-is-the-significance-of-friday-prayers-in-islam-113702
QUESTION 2 - Why Islam cannot eat pork?

 Pork is prohibited for Muslims since the Holy Quran states that some foods are
permissible while others are clearly labelled haram, or forbidden. ALLAH has forbidden
eating pork in definitive terms. ALLAH says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Say (O Muhammad): I find not in that which has been revealed to me anything
forbidden to be eaten by one who wishes to eat it, unless it be Maytah (a dead
animal) or blood poured forth (by slaughtering or the like), or the flesh of swine
(pork); for that surely, is impure or impious (unlawful) meat (of an animal) which is
slaughtered as a sacrifice for others than ALLAH (or has been slaughtered for idols, or
on which ALLAH’s Name has not been mentioned while slaughtering)” [al-An’aam
6:145]

 Pork is one among the foods that are prohibited. However, there is an exemption
contained in the Holy Quran, which indicates that if you are hungry and have nothing else
to eat but pork, you may eat it. This is also in compliance with the Jewish faith's norms
and traditions regarding kosher meat consumption.
 Pork is one of the meats with the highest cholesterol content, and an increase in
cholesterol in the bloodstream increases the risk of artery blockage. Pork fatty acids have
a unique structure when compared to fatty acids found in other foods, making them more
easily absorbed by the body and consequently raising cholesterol levels.
 In the form of gelatin, processed pork can also be found in a variety of other meals. And
while treatments like radiation, which is designed to destroy bacteria, may appear to
make pig "cleaner," the flesh still originates from an animal that Muslims are banned to
eat.
 Lung infections caused by tapeworms, lungworms, and microbiological infections of the
lungs are caused by eating pork. Pork includes tapeworms, which can grow to be 2-3
metres long. This is the most serious hazard of eating pork. The development of these
worms' eggs in the human body can cause insanity and hysteria if they develop in the
brain. If they spread to the heart, they can cause high blood pressure and heart attacks.
The trichinosis worm, which cannot be killed by cooking and whose proliferation in the
body can cause paralysis and skin rashes, is another worm found in pork.

Reference(s):

1. Ali al Saloom. 2012, December 14. Ask Ali: Why pork is forbidden for Muslims.
https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts/ask-ali-why-pork-is-forbidden-for-muslims-1.444442
2. Mirzarajen. http://mirzarajen.blogspot.com/2013/05/why-are-dogs-and-pigs-unclean-or-
haram.html

QUESTION 3 - Do Muslims believe in Bible and Taurah?

 According to Quran 2:136:

“ we Muslims believe in Allah, and the Revelation given to us, and to Abraham
Ishmael, Jacob and the tribes, and that given to Moses and Jesus and that given to all
the Prophets from their Lord. We make no difference between one and another of
them and we submit to Allah ”

 Based on the verse above, Muslims, it can be observed, believe in Biblical Prophets and
the Revelations delivered to them. Islam is intimately linked to Christianity and Judaism,
the other two Abrahamic religions. Indeed, the Qur'an indicates that the Jewish and
Christian religions are the same as the one given to Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), and that
Allah is the God of all of them.
 Muslims believe in the Torah (Tawraah) given to Moses, the Zaboor (Psalms of David),
the Injeel (Good News to Jesus Christ), the texts given to Abraham and Moses, and the
ultimate revelation, the Qur'an, given to Prophet Muhammad (May Peace and Blessings
be upon them all). This demonstrates the same thread that runs through Islamic religious
beliefs, values, and practises, all of which have their origins in the Bible (in their original
form) as Divine Revelations.
 Quran 2:62 says:

Those who believe in the Quran, and those who follow the Jewish Scriptures, and the
Christians and the Sabians, and who believe in Allah and the Last Day, and work
righteousness, shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor
shall they grieve.

 Muslims, Christians, and Jews share many identical ideas, values, moral injunctions, and
behavioural precepts as a result of their belief in the Revealed Books. When comparing
the message, teaching, guidance, moral and religious principles and values of these
 Revealed Scriptures, numerous parallels may be seen. The Ten Commandments, which
were given to Moses, are an obvious example.
 Without a doubt, the Prophets and Messengers named above spoke different languages
and were raised in different eras and places, yet they all preached fundamentally the same
timeless message. However, in essence and spirit, these core teachings and
commandments are part of the same message and ideals shared by various religions.
Although these commandments are not enumerated in the Qur'an in a single verse as they
are in the Old Testament (Torah), they are detailed and mentioned in several verses
throughout the Qur'an.
 As a result, the Laws and Revelations have been sent to everyone of us, and we must
ensure that we observe and apply them as our Lord and Creator has commanded: 'We
have prescribed a law and an open road to each of you.' If Allah had so desired, he would
have made you one people, but His Wisdom is to put you to the test in what He has given
you...the end of all of you is to Allah (Quran 5:48)
Reference(s):
1. Weekendpost. The Bible and The Torah in Islam.
https://www.weekendpost.co.bw/25378/columns/the-bible-and-the-torah-in-islam/

QUESTION 4 - Why Muslims pray 5 times per day? - JOSEPHINE

 Although the five times of prayer are not directly stated in the Quran, they are clearly
implied.
 According to Surah 11 Hud, Ayat 114-114, “And establish the Prayer at the two ends of
the day and in the first hours of the night. Indeed the good deeds drive away the evil
deeds. This is a Reminder to those who are mindful of Allah.”
 As a Muslim, we need to learn and compulsory to believe the pillars of Islam and the
pillars of faith. Every Muslims has to fulfill every obligation in pillars of Islam. In
addition, praying 5 times a day is the second pillars of Islam.
 It is obligatory for every Muslim who has reached their puberty and who is physically
and mentally capable of doing so.
 We need to pray 5 times a day so that we can balance our life in the world and our
connection with God which is Allah.
 Prayer is a form of communication with Allah that brings the mind, soul, and body
together in worship. This is why Muslim prayer movements follow the Prayer's words.
 Before praying, Muslims must be in the correct state of mind, which requires the ability
to put aside all anxieties and distractions in order to focus solely on God.

Reference(s):
1. Haneen Dajani. 2021, Feb 25. Ramadan:Why Muslims pray five times per day.
https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/heritage/ramadan-2019-why-muslims-pray-five-times-per-
day-1.861000
2. Twinkl. What are the 5 times of prayer in the Quran?. https://www.twinkl.com/teaching-wiki/5-
times-of-prayer-in-the-quran

QUESTION 5 - Why does women in Islam wear scarf? - Jenny

 On the subject of women veiling, Muslim religious writings aren't totally clear. Several
verses in the Quran and Hadith (sayings attributed to the prophet Mohammed) mention
Mohammed's wives veiling, but whether these remarks apply solely to the Prophet's
wives or to all Muslim women is a point of contention.
 Although women must be modest, the area they must cover varies depending on the
source and extends from "the bosom" to the entire body, excluding the face and hands.
 The veil serves as a technique of separating men and women, as well as suppressing male
sexual urge. Muslim men are likewise encouraged to dress modestly and cover their
bodies from the waist to the knees.
 An immodest woman brings dishonour not only to herself but also to her male family
members in some Islamic societies. The veil, on the other hand, predates Islam and was
worn by women of all faiths. It was also strongly tied to social class: wealthy women
could afford to hide their entire bodies, but poor women who had to labour [in the field]
either modified or did not wear veils at all.
 As stated in Quran, Surah Al-Ahzab,

“O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to
draw their cloaks (veils) all over their bodies (i.e. screen themselves completely
except the eyes or one eye to see the way). That will be better, that they should be
known (as free respectable women) so as not to be annoyed. And Allaah is Ever
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful” [al-Ahzaab 33:59] 

Reference(s):

1. Civic Dilemmas. A brief history of the veil in Islam. https://www.facinghistory.org/civic-

dilemmas/brief-history-veil-islam
 Shaykh Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid. Verses and hadeeth about hijab.
https://islamqa.info/en/answers/13998/verses-and-hadeeth-about-hijab
QUESTION 6 - Why does a Muslim cannot marry with non-Muslim?

 Marriage in Islam is based on love, mercy, and peace of mind; a family must be created
on a solid foundation to ensure the married relationship's continuation. All prior heavenly
revealed religions are respected in Islam, and believing in all previous Prophets is an
integral aspect of the Islamic creed.
 In Islam, a Muslim man may marry a non-Muslim lady (Christian or Jewish), but not the
other way around. Though this may appear to be unjust, if the underlying cause is
understood, the rationale behind it becomes evident. In Islam, all laws are founded on
certain wisdom and a clear interest for all parties concerned.
 A non-Muslim guy is not permitted to marry a Muslim woman. Non-Muslim men would
have legal authority over Muslim women if they were allowed to marry them, because
God never allows non-Muslims to have control over Muslims. In contrast to food, there
are no legal limitations on exchanging food with non-Muslims under Islamic law.
 A Muslim man who marries a Christian or a Jewish woman is required to respect her
faith, and it is not acceptable for him to hinder his wife from attending church or
synagogue. As a result, Islam aims to ensure that the wife's husband respects her religion,
so protecting the family from disintegration.
 When a Muslim man marries a non-Muslim other than a Christian or a Jewess, Islam
follows its own logic, just as it prevents a Muslim woman from marrying a non-Muslim.
 A Muslim solely believes in the faiths that God has revealed to him; all other religions
are man-made. As a result, when a Muslim lady marries a non-Muslim, there will be no
aspect of respect for the wife's religion. This will have an impact on the marital
relationship and will not result in the love and mercy that is essential in a marriage.

Reference(s):
1. Dar Al-Ifta Al-Missriyyah. Why a Muslim woman can’t marry a non Muslim?
https://www.dar-alifta.org/Foreign/ViewFatwa.aspx?ID=6167
QUESTION 7 - Why does Islam only allowed burial process instead of cremation process
for the deceased?

 Cremation is regarded "haram" in Islam, which means "unclean." Muslims are prohibited
from participating in any manner in the act of cremation, including observing it or
expressing agreement for it.
 Funeral rites are commanded by divine law in Islam. The procedure advised is burying
the dead. Only Allah knows what is good or bad for us, according to Islamic doctrine,
and the body should be treated with the highest care in life and death. Burning the dead is
considered mutilation, which Allah forbids.
 Muslims believe that the deceased deserve the same respect as the living, based on
Mohamed's teaching that breaking a man's bone in death is the same as breaking it in life.
 Muslims think that viewing the body of a deceased person serves as a powerful reminder
that death affects everyone, yet it is not anything to be afraid of. Muslims are also
obligated to perform "janazah" – or prayers – for individuals who have died, both before
and after burial.
 Muslims believe in the physical body's resurrection. Except for the tailbone, the body
slowly disintegrates, according to the Quran. Allah is said to resuscitate the body from
the tailbone at the time of the resurrection. The tailbone, along with the rest of the body,
is supposed to be destroyed during cremation, which prevents resurrection.
 Unlike Judaism or Christianity, there is little disagreement in Islamic Sharia law over the
legitimacy of cremation. Only during epidemics of disease, when the risk of disease
propagation is established and permission has been acquired from Muslim authorities, is
cremation permissible.
 However, regardless of whether any physical vestiges remain, it is thought that Allah can
restore the burned body whole again for resurrection, therefore a person's cremation does
not necessarily bar them from joining heaven or hell.

Reference(s):
1. Neptunesociety.
https://www.neptunesociety.com/cremation-information-articles/cremation-and-islam
QUESTION 8 - Is there any female prophet? Why all prophets are men?

“And We sent not before you [as messengers] except men to whom We revealed
from among the people of cities.”  - Surah Yusuf (109)

 According to the Quran above, Allah SWT does not send prophets from among women
or jinn. Several experts, on the other hand, believe that prophets can be found among
women. Imam al-Qurtubi, Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Asy'ari, and Ibn Hazm are among
them. (See 2/226 of Lawami' al-Anwar al-Bahiyyah.) Maryam (Mary), Hawa (Eve),
Asiah (Great Royal Wife of the Ancient Egypt's Pharaoh of the Exodus and the adoptive
mother of the Prophet Moses AS), Sarah, and Hajar (Prophet Abraham's wives) are
among the women they considered prophets.
 Moreover, there are some reasons sue ti why there were no female Prophet in Islam
which are:
1. Addressing men and women, meeting people in secret and openly, moving around the
land, confronting liars and establishing proof against them and debating with them,
preparing and leading armies, and going through the miseries of battle are all part of the
Messenger's job description. All of this is appropriate for guys, but it is not appropriate
for women.
2. Masculinity is superior. As a result, Allah has given men the position of responsibility
over women:

"Men are the defenders and maintainers of women." [an-Nisa' 4:34]

Women, according to the Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), lack
reason and religious dedication.

3. The Messenger's duty requires that he be in control of those who follow him, therefore he
issues commands and prohibitions to his followers, as well as ruling and judging over
 them. If such tasks were entrusted to a woman, she would be unable to complete them
correctly, and people would refuse to follow and obey her.

Reference(s):
1. Mohamad Razif. 2018, June 10. Al-Afkar #14: Is there a female prophet.
https://muftiwp.gov.my/en/artikel/al-afkar/2455-al-afkar-14-is-there-a-female-prophet

QUESTION 9 - Why non-Muslim are not allowed to go to Makkah?

 Despite their belief in Abraham's God, Christians and Jews are not permitted to perform
the hajj. Non-Muslims are not allowed to enter the holy city of Mecca at all, according to
the Saudi government.
 According to the Holy Qur'an, there is no any evidence of Non-Muslims are prohibited
from entering the Holy Cities of Makkah and Madinah. Following the Muslims' triumph
over Makkah during the time of the Holy Prophet(sa), even idolaters resided in the city,
and many others came to speak with the Holy Prophet(sa) without being discriminated
against because of their faith. A deputation from a Christian tribe visited the Holy
Prophet(sa) in Medina to discuss religious matters, according to an episode during his
life.
 In Islamic tradition, Mecca is a city of great significance. It is a destination of pilgrimage
and prayer for Muslims, a hallowed space where they can be free of the distractions of
everyday life.
 Only Muslims are permitted to access Mecca's inner sanctuary, which is the birthplace of
the Prophet Muhammad and Islam. In order to show honour, loyalty, and reverence to
Allah, every Muslim who is in good health and financially able must perform the journey
— or Hajj (one of the Pillars of Islam) — to Mecca at least once in their lifetime.

Reference(s):

1. Jennifer Williams. 2018, August 20, Hajj, the Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, explained for non-
Muslims. https://www.vox.com/2016/9/12/12814258/hajj-2018-islamic-pilgrimage-mecca-
what-is-explained
QUESTION 10 - Why Muslims are not allowed to make a tattoo?

 In Islam, tattoos are considered haram (forbidden) and a severe offence. The Prophet's
(peace be upon him) various hadith regarding tattoos provide support for this. Women
who obtain tattoos and those who tattoo others were cursed by the Prophet. The reason is
because modifying Allah's beautiful creation is an evil deed, according to Allah.
 Only when Muslims are in a ceremonial condition of purity, free of physical impurities or
uncleanliness, do they pray. To this purpose, wudu (ritual ablutions) are required prior to
each formal prayer if one wishes to remain pure. A Muslim washes the portions of the
body that are frequently exposed to filth and pollution during ablution. Because the tattoo
is under your skin and does not prevent water from reaching your skin, the existence of a
permanent tattoo does not invalidate one's wudu.
 Scholars in Islam typically allow nonpermanent tattoos, such as henna stains or stick-on
tattoos, as long as they do not contain offensive motifs. Furthermore, after you have
converted and completely embraced Islam, all of your previous actions are forgiven. As a
result, if you had a tattoo before becoming a Muslim, you do not have to get rid of it.
 There are some reasons due to why tattoo is haram:
1. Changing Allah’s creation - Changing Allah's creation and mutilating the body in any
way is a serious sin. Something inspired by Satan (Shaytan) rather than Allah (God).
Whether it's disfiguring the entire body or just the skin with tattoos. This is why
having a tattoo is prohibited for Muslims.
2. Risk of infection and pain - Tattooing is a procedure that involves inserting an ink-
covered needle into the skin. This procedure results in unnecessarily self-inflicted
agony as well as someone else's willing torture. Inflicting suffering on oneself (or
others) is considered a serious sin in Islam. The Qur'an provides evidence for this.
Allah prevents humans from destroying themselves with their own hands.
3. Permanent deception - One of the greatest sins in Islam is deception. Whether it's in
one's voice, actions, or look, dishonesty is present. In his or her voice, deeds, and
appearance, a Muslim is always truthful and trustworthy. We must not deceive others
with our appearances. That is why tattoo is haram in Islam.

Reference(s):

1. Muslimversity. https://muslimversity.com/are-tattoos-haram/