Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MAY 2023
A THESIS ON
GROWING WITH GREEN: SUSTAINABLE
GREEN MARKETING STRATEGIES
By
Akash Ck
URN: 2020-B-22102002
School of Management
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A THESIS ON
GROWING WITH GREEN: SUSTAINABLE
GREEN MARKETING STRATEGIES
By
Akash Ck
2020-B-22102002
BBA (Aviation) Sem VI
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CERTIFICATE
External Examiner
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DECLARATION
AKASH CK
URN Number: 2020-B-22102002
Date:
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Table of Contents
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AKASH CK
Date:
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ABSTRACT
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Overall, green marketing is an important trend in
contemporary business, reflecting the growing
awareness of environmental issues and the need
for sustainable practices. As consumers continue
to prioritize environmental concerns in their
purchasing decisions, businesses that prioritize
sustainability and adopt green marketing
strategies are likely to be more successful in the
long run.
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1. INTRODUCTION
Green marketing is the marketing of
products that are presumed to be environmentally
safe. Thus green marketing incorporates a broad
range of activities, including product modification,
changes to the production process, packaging
changes, as well as modifying advertising. Yet
defining green marketing is not a simple task
where several meanings intersect and contradict
each other; an example of this will be the
existence of varying social, environmental and
retail definitions attached to this term. Other
similar terms used are environmental marketing
and Ecological Marketing.
1.1 HISTORY
The term Green Marketing came into
prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s.The
American Marketing Association (AMA) held the
first workshop on "Ecological Marketing" in
1975.The proceedings of this workshop resulted in
one of the first books on green marketing entitled
"Ecological Marketing".
The first wave of Green Marketing occurred in the
1980s. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Reports started with the ice cream seller Ben &
Jerry's where the financial report was
supplemented by a greater view on the
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company's environmental impact. In 1987 a
document prepared by the World Commission on
Environment and Development defined
sustainable development as meeting “the needs
of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own need”, this
became known as the Brundtland Report and was
another step towards widespread thinking on
sustainability in everyday activity.
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2.2 Car sharing services
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3. Three Keys to Successful Green
Marketing
I.Being genuine
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means personalizing the benefits of your
environmentally friendly actions, normally
through letting the customer take part in
positive environmental action.
Let's put the three essential elements of a
successful green marketing campaign together
by looking at an example.
Suppose that you have decided that your
business will no longer use plastic bags to wrap
customer purchases. You know that the
traditional plastic bag takes about one thousand
years to decompose and want to do your part
to stop the proliferation of plastic bags in
landfills. You feel that this is the kind of
environmental action that will be popular with
potential customers and a good opportunity to
do some green marketing.
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marketing. They are -
1. Opportunities or competitive advantage
2. Corporate social responsibilities (CSR)
Government pressure
Competitive pressure
Cost or profit issues
Green Marketing Mix
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materials or from used goods. Efficient products
not only save water, energy and money, but also
reduce harmful effects on the environment. Green
chemistry forms the growing focus of product
development. The marketer's role in product
management includes providing product
designers with market-driven trends and customer
requests for green product attributes such as
energy saving, organic, green chemicals, local
sourcing, etc., For example, Nike is the first
among the shoe companies to market itself as
green. It is marketing its Air Jordan shoes as
environment-friendly, as it has significantly
reduced the usage of harmful glue adhesives. It
has designed this variety of shoes to emphasize
that it has reduced wastage and used
environment-friendly materials.
7.2 GREEN PRICE
Green pricing takes into consideration the people,
planet and profit in a way that takes care of the
health of employees and communities and
ensures efficient productivity. Value can be added
to it by changing its appearance, functionality and
through customization, etc. Wal Mart unveiled its
first recyclable cloth shopping bag. IKEA started
charging consumers when they opted for plastic
bags and encouraged people to shop using its
"Big Blue Bag"
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7.3 GREEN PLACE
Green place is about managing logistics to cut
down on transportation emissions, thereby in
effect aiming at reducing the carbon footprint. For
example, instead of marketing an imported
mango juice in India it can be licensed for local
production. This avoids shipping of the product
from far away, thus reducing shipping cost and
more importantly, the consequent carbon
emission by the ships and other modes of
transport.
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in the every-elusive hydrogen car and promoting
itself as the first eco-friendly car company.
Environmental causes:
Any organization can choose to promote
environmental causes. Nonprofits and NGOs will
engage in green marketing to get the word out
about their activities, but for profits can also
suppose environmental causes by making
donations and advertising for these environmental
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do gooders as part of a green marketing
campaign.
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explicit about any environmental claims you
make.
Informed consumers are loyal consumers, so
educate your consumers about the benefits of
your product or service for the environment.
Make it possible for your customers to give
back to the environment by choosing your
service or product.
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buildings. They’ve effectively cornered the
market as a green standard against which all
buildings are now measured.
Toyota Prius: Their brilliant marketing
campaign has brought them great acclaim
and a huge boost in sales – they’re currently
the leader in gas-electric hybrid vehicles. That
said, their recent highway florascape ad
campaign to celebrate their 2010 model –
which will require daytime watering during
drought season in California – while creative
and beautiful is perhaps less eco-friendly than
their vehicles.
a. Opportunity
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In India, around 25% of the consumers prefers
environmental-friendly products, and around 28%
may be considered healthy conscious. There fore,
green marketers have diverse and fairly sizeable
segments to cater to. The Surf Excel detergent
which saves water (advertised with the message—
"do bucket paani roz bachana") and the energy-
saving LG consumers durables are examples of
green marketing. We also have green buildings
which are efficient in their use of energy, water
and construction materials, and which reduce the
impact on human health and the environment
through better design, construction, operation,
maintenance and waste disposal. In India, the
green building movement, spearheaded by the
Confederation of Indian industry (CII) - Godrej
Green business Center, has gained tremendous
impetus over the last few years. From 20,000 sq ft
in 2003, India's green building footprint is now
over 25 million sq ft.
b. Social Responsibility
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PATHS TO GREENNESS
Green marketing involves focusing on
promoting the consumption of green products.
Therefore, it becomes the responsibility of the
companies to adopt creativity and insight, and
be committed to the development of
environment-friendly products. This will help the
society in the long run. Companies which
embark on green marketing should adopt the
following principles in their path towards
greenness."
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Many organizations want to turn green, as an
increasing number of consumers' ant to associate
themselves with environmental-friendly products.
11.CONCLUSION
A clever marketer is one who not only convinces
the consumer, but also involves the consumer in
marketing his product. Green marketing should
not be considered as just one more approach to
marketing, but has to be pursued with much
greater vigor, as it has an environmental and
social dimension to it. With the threat of global
warming looming large, it is extremely important
that green marketing becomes the norm rather
than an exception or just a fad. Recycling of paper,
metals, plastics, etc., in a safe and environmentally
harmless manner should become much more
systematized and universal. It has to become the
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general norm to use energy-efficient lamps and
other electrical goods.
Marketers also have the responsibility to make the
consumers understand the need for and benefits
of green products as compared to non-green
ones. In green marketing, consumers are willing to
pay more to maintain a cleaner and greener
environment. Finally, consumers, industrial buyers
and suppliers need to pressurize effects on
minimize the negative effects on the environment-
friendly. Green marketing assumes even more
importance and relevance in developing countries
like India.
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for companies to communicate their green
credentials.
What You Need to know what is green marketing?
There is a degree of confusion over the term
“green marketing.” Some believe that it refers
solely to the promotion or advertising of products
with environmental characteristics such as
“recyclable,” “organic,” or “environmentally
friendly.” While these terms are widely used by
“green” companies, green marketing is a much
broader concept, one that can be applied to
consumer goods, industrial goods and some
services. Green marketing incorporates a variety
of activities, including modifications to products,
changes to the production and distribution
processes, packaging changes, and modifications
to marketing communications
c. Be transparent:
Consumers must believe in the legitimacy of your
product and the specific claims you are making.
Caution: There's a lot of skepticism out there that
is fueled by the raft of spurious claims made in the
"go-go" era of green marketing that occurred
during the late 80s-early90s
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Did you notice how I put “Green” in quotation
marks up there? This is the most important rule for
a new “Green” ad campaign to follow. Putting
“Green” in quotes has a couple benefits. The first
benefit is that it shows people that “Green” is a
reference to the environmental movement and
not the last name of some football player.
Secondly, quotation marks make the word
“Green” look like it’s sweating from the pure heat
of the sun. And things that spend more time in the
sun are automatically better than something that
spends all his time indoors hunched over a
keyboard listening to Our Lady Peace while his
lifeguard neighbor has a car, slender calves, and a
401k.
Work In the Color Green
This might be hard for companies selling products
that aren’t already colored green, but studies have
shown that a green-colored product combined
with environmental slang can skyrocket sales. For
example, if your company sells lettuce, slapping
“Green” on a lettuce ad might sell consumers
who initially planned to just find a field full of grass.
Let’s try a visual example using a popular
American product — Coke
Here’s how effective a Coke ad is with just the
colour Green added
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Flaunt the Use of Natural Ingredients
Environmentalists love products that use natural
ingredients. Unfortunately, not many companies
stress this in their advertising.
If you can answer “yes” to the following question,
the product you produce already contains a
natural ingredient.
At any time during the manufacturing of your
product does your product come in contact with
the air?
If you answered “yes,” you’re ready to go. Boom.
Done Slap a “this product contains natural
ingredient(s)” sticker on your ad so people think
you save polar bears or use honeysuckle fronds or
something.
Some people might think that listing air as a
natural ingredient is cheating. Look, if you feel this
way, I don’t know what to tell you. It’s hard to
make stuff from natural ingredients. Ever try
making a microwave out of bear-claws? First I
tried real bear-claws, but the few that broke off in
my torso after repeated harvesting attempts were
no where near enough to construct a microwave.
And do you know what a microwave made out of
bear-claw pastries is? It’s a pile of pastries with the
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bowl of soup I tried to heat up wedged in the
middle.
Don’t Forget Recycled Materials
Another great tip for successful “Green”
advertising is to use recycled materials in your
product or product’s packaging. “Green”
conscious consumers love using recycled objects.
There are some places in the country where you
can drop a used Q-tip and someone will snatch it
up before it even touches the ground. Please
don’t try this with Q-Tip the rapper, as the results
are completely different.
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Ben & Jerry's sustainable business practices have
always been a key part of it's corporate image and
its economic success.
Whole Foods Market, which was founded in 1980
as one small store in Austin, Texas, became the
world's leading retailer of natural and organic
foods by remaining true to its original
commitment to stringent quality standards and
sustainable agriculture.
Patagonia, whose mission statement includes
using business to inspire and implement solutions
to environmental problems, has parlayed this
commitment into a successful brand of outdoor
clothing for customers who care about the
environment.
GE Ecomagination. It's no mistake that even
though only a limited number of customers can
purchase the seventeen products featured in its
Ecomagination initiative, such as jet engines and
locomotives, GE's advertising campaign is aimed
at the general public. Why? To build trust in GE's
brands.
McDonald's successfully changed it's packaging
to limit environmental impact and went on to
receive well-publicized recognition for its efforts
from organizations such as the Audubon Society,
Conservation International, Keep America
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Beautiful, the National Recycling Coalition, and
the EPA.
Green Marketing Ideas for Your Business
There’s plenty of skepticism, but there’s also proof
that ‘Thinking Green’ in business is not only good
for the environment, but for business as well. Here
are some easy to implement green marketing
ideas your business can embrace:
Work from home allows staff to work from
home more often. This will help provide added
perks and could improve productivity.
Teamwork boost Company moral by setting a
company wide goal of everyone working
together to lower the businesses carbon
footprint.
C02 friendly servers yes, today, you can
reverse the impact of your websites by
switching to C02 friendly servers. There are two
providers that we know of in this field: one can
be found, another.
Sustainable Packaging replacing your existing
packaging with “green” packaging materials
such as biodegradable. Or simply get creative
by re-using old magazine pages. Yes it’s
possible. There’s a shop in Lisbon, Portugal that
is doing this – the wrong shop!
Transportation if your business relies on
transportation looks at transitioning to
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environmental friendly vehicles. This bold move
will most likely get the attention of your local or
national newspapers.
Green Seal – assess the ‘Greenness’ of your
products and apply for a green seal. In the US
and Canada there are several NGO’s
supporting green seal projects. We’re excited
to share, a similar effort is starting here in
Portugal, and Chama is currently working with a
partner to launch the initiative in the Algarve.
Get Your Brand out there – help your local
community and customers reduce dependency
on grocery store plastics. Invest in
environmental friendly grocery bags with your
brand, and give them away to customers for
free…it’s free advertising!
Give Local Love. Receive Local Love – if you’re
in the food business, look at ways to source
local products even if they’re at slightly higher
cost. In return, promote your goal of supporting
local farmers and reducing your carbon
footprint. You can start the transition slowly by
having select products that feature seasonal
and locally sourced produce.
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This Is An Image Of Green Recycling
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2) Personal products and habits.
3) Social brands and belonging.
GOVERNMENTALPRESSURE
As with all marketing related activities,
governments want to "protect" consumers and
society; this protection has significant green
marketing implications. Governmental regulations
relating to environmental marketing are designed
to protect consumers in several ways, 1) reduce
production of harmful goods or by-products; 2)
modify consumer and industry's use and/or
consumption of harmful goods; or 3) ensure that
all types of consumers have the ability to evaluate
the environmental composition of goods.
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Governments establish regulations designed to
control the amount of hazardous wastes produced
by firms. Many by-products of production are
controlled through the issuing of various
environmental licenses, thus modifying
organizational behavior. In some cases
governments try to "induce" final consumers to
become more responsible. For example, some
governments have introduced voluntary curb-side
recycling programs, making it easier for
consumers to act responsibly. In other cases
governments tax individuals who act in an
irresponsible fashion. For example in Australia
there is a higher gas tax associated with leaded
petrol
COMPETITIVE PRESSURE
Another major force in the environmental
marketing area has been firms' desire to maintain
their competitive position. In many cases firms
observe competitors promoting their
environmental behaviors and attempt to emulate
this behavior. In some instances this competitive
pressure has caused an entire industry to modify
and thus reduce its detrimental environmental
behavior. For example, it could be argued that
Xerox's "Revive 100% Recycled paper" was
introduced a few years ago in an attempt to
address the introduction of recycled photocopier
paper by other manufacturers.
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Understanding the "Green" Movement in Your
Marketing Efforts
Companies, cities and individuals are getting
involved in the green movement. They are doing
there part to keep the environment healthier by
reducing humans' impact on the land, using
recycled metals and nontoxic substances, organic
gardening, adding more green space, building
using environmentally friendly materials and more.
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Levi's is introducing its 100% organic jeans this
fall.
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