UPSC IAS PRELIMS 2021-2022 ECONOMY SYLLABUS

1. Economic Development
2. Indian Economy & Issues Relating to Planning, Mobilization of Resources, Growth,
Development & Employment
3. Planning
4. Meaning of Planning;
5. Need for Planning in Economic Development;
6. Imperative Vs. Indicative Vs. Structural Planning;
7. Objectives of Planning;
8. Indian Planning History;
9. Techniques of Indian Planning;
10. Achievements & Failures of Indian Planning;
11. Shortcomings of Planning in India;
12. NITI Aayog Vs. Planning Commission;
13. Mobilization of Resources
14. Types of Resources – Financial, Human, Natural, etc.;
15. Need for Resource Mobilisation
16. Role of Savings & Investment;
17. Government Resources – Tax & Non-Tax ( or Fiscal & Monetary Policy);
18. Banking Sector & NBFCs
19. Capital Market;
20. External Sources – FDI, ODA, etc;
21. Public Borrowing & Management of Public Debt;
22. Challenges in Mobilising; Resources for Development;
23. Steps That Can Be Taken;
24. Growth & Development
25. Meaning of Development & Growth;
26. Difference between Development & Growth;
27. Determinants of Growth & Development;
28. Importance & Limitations of Economic Growth;
29. Jobless Growth;
30. Pro-Poor Growth;
31. Balanced & Unbalanced Growth;
32. Dimensions of Development;
33. Measurement & Indicators of Development;
34. Approaches to Development:
35. Market-Based Approach,
36. Role of State and Planned Approach,
37. Mixed Economy Approach;
38. Challenges to Development & Growth
39. Employment
40. Nature – Rural vs. Urban;
41. Formal Vs. Informal;
42. Terms Related to Employment – Labour Force Participation Rate, Employment Rate,
Working Age Population, etc.;
43. Sectoral Distribution of Employment;
44. Quality of Employment;
45. Causes of Lack of Employment;
46. Restructuring of Workforce;
47. Government Initiatives for Generating Employment
48. Inclusive Growth & Issues Arising From It
49. What is Inclusive Growth?;
50. Elements of Inclusive Growth;
UPSC IAS PRELIMS 2021-2022 ECONOMY SYLLABUS
 UPSC IAS PRELIMS 2021-2022 ECONOMY SYLLABUS

51. Need for Inclusive Growth;

52. Indicators of Inclusive Growth;
53. Challenges in Achieving Inclusive Growth in India;
54. 12th FYP & Inclusive Growth;
55. NITI Aayog Vision Document
56. Government Budgeting
57. Need for Government Budgeting
58. Components of the Government Budget
59. Revenue Account – Revenue Receipts & Revenue Expenditure;
60. Capital Account – Capital Receipts & Capital Expenditure
61. Changes in the Budgetary Process
62. Measures of Government Deficit
63. Revenue Deficit;
64. Fiscal Deficit;
65. Primary Deficit;
66. Fiscal Policy
67. Deficit Reduction
68. FRBM Act
69. Other Types of Budgets
70. Outcome, Zero-Based, etc.
71. Land Reforms in India
72. The rationale for Land Reforms;
73. Components of Land Reforms;
74. Impact of Land Reforms;
75. Problems in Implementation of Land Reforms;
76. The success of Land Reforms;
77. Recent Initiatives - Land Leasing, Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation & Resettlement Act, etc
78. Effects of Liberalization on the Economy
79. The phase of Liberalisation;
80. Impact on Different Sectors of the Economy
81. Changes In Industrial Policy & their Effects on Industrial Growth
82. Industrial Policy Before 1991;
83. Industrial Policy After 1991;
84. Phases of Industrial Growth;
85. Linkage Between Economic Reforms and Economic Outcomes;
86. Weaknesses and Failures of Industrial Policies;
87. National Manufacturing Policy;
88. SEZs;
89. Make in India;
90. Infrastructure
91. Energy
92. Ports
93. Roads
94. Airports
95. Railways
96. Investment Models
97. Need for Investment
98. Sources of Investment
99. Types of Investment Models
100. Domestic Investment Models;
 UPSC IAS PRELIMS 2021-2022 ECONOMY SYLLABUS

101. Public Investment Model;

102. Private Investment Model;
103. Public-Private Participation; Investment Model;
104. Foreign Investment Models: FDI
105. FII, etc.;
106. Sector Specific Investment Models;
107. Cluster-Based Investment Models
108. Investment Models Followed by India
109. Agriculture
110. Major Crops Cropping Patterns in Various Parts of the Country
111. Importance of Cropping Pattern;
112. Types of Cropping Pattern;
113. Reasons Why Cropping Pattern Differ;
114. Factors Influencing Cropping Pattern;
115. Emerging Trends in Cropping Pattern;
116. Long-Run Effects of Current Trends in Cropping Pattern;
117. Different Types of Irrigation & Irrigation Systems Storage
118. Modes of Irrigation;
119. Sources of Irrigation;
120. Choosing an Irrigation;
121. Problems Associated ith Irrigation;
122. Progress of Irrigation Under Five Year Plans;
123. Environmental Effects of Irrigation
124. Need for Systemic Irrigation Reforms;
125. eed for a National Water Policy;
126. Transport & Marketing of Agricultural Produce & Issues & Related Constraints
127. Process of Agricultural Marketing - Marketing Channels, Functionaries, Costs, etc;
128. Role of FCI;
129. Regulated Markets;
130. Warehousing;
131. Cooperative Marketing;
132. Shortcomings of Current Agricultural Marketing Process;
133. APMCs;
134. National Agricultural Market (NAM);
135. Farmer Producer Organisations (FPO);
136. Contract Farming;
137. Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities;
138. E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers, Technology Missions
139. Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices
140. Agricultural Pricing Policy;
141. Rationale for Subsidies;
142. Types of Subsidies;
143. Effectiveness, Extent & Problems of Subsidies;
144. Clash with WTO Agreements;
145. Public Distribution System Objectives, Functioning, Limitations, Revamping
146. Objectives/Significance;
147. Functioning - Fair Price Shops, FCI, Ration Cards, Aadhar Linking, etc;
148. Shortcomings or Problems Associated with PDS;
149. Need to Improve the Working of PDS;
150. Measures to Improve the Loopholes & Lacunaes Associated with PDS;
 UPSC IAS PRELIMS 2021-2022 ECONOMY SYLLABUS

151. Steps Taken by Government in this regard;

152. Issues of Buffer Stocks & Food Security
153. Buffer Stock – Objectives & Norms in India;
154. Impact of Government Procurement & Distribution
155. Need for Food Security;
156. NFSM And the Food Security Related Government Initiatives;
157. Economics of Animal-Rearing
158. Food Processing & Related Industries in India
159. Scope & Potential in India;
160. Significance;
161. Location;
162. Constraints and Challenges;
163. Upstream & Downstream Requirements;
164. Supply Chain Management;
165. Government Policies and Initiatives – SAMPADA, 12th FYP, etc