Resume of Occupational Risk

Arranged by:
Arief Renaldi Wiwaha 17511246

CIVIL ENGINEERING STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND PLANNING
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA
2021
1.1 Background
There is always a risk of failure in every work process/activity, whether it
is due to poor planning, or unintentional consequences such as weather
conditions, natural disasters, etc. One of the occupational risks that occurs is a
work accident. When a work accident occurs, however small it may be, it will
result in a loss effect, therefore as much as possible and as early as possible, work
accidents/potential accidents must be prevented/eliminated, or at least reduced
their impact.
Work accidents are one of the problems that often occur in work on a
project. Work accidents usually occur because of the workers themselves and the
work environment. Occupational safety and health is one aspect of labor
protection which is regulated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13
of 2003, concerning manpower, hereinafter referred to as the Manpower Act in
paragraph 5 concerning Occupational Safety and Health. By implementing
occupational safety and health control technology, it is hoped that the workforce
will achieve physical endurance, work power, high levels of health and to create
work comfort and safety. According to estimates released by the International
Labor Organization (ILO), 2.78 million workers die each year due to occupational
accidents and occupational diseases. 1 in approximately 2.4 million (86.3%) of
these deaths are due to occupational diseases, while more than 380,000 (13.7%)
are due to work accidents. Every year, there are nearly a thousand times more
non-fatal occupational accidents than fatal accidents. Non-fatal accidents are
estimated to affect 374 million workers annually, and many of these accidents
have serious consequences on the earning capacity of workers (Hamalainen et al.,
2017).
2.1 Definition of Work Accident
In the construction sector, construction is one of the highest cases of the
type of work that contributes to casualties in a work accident. According to H.W.
Heinrich on the domino theory, accidents occur through a causal link between
several factors that cause work accidents that are interconnected so that they cause
work accidents (occupational injuries or illnesses / PAK).
Meanwhile, according to Permenaker No. 03/MEN/1998 work accident is
an unwanted and unexpected event that can cause human or property casualties. A
construction work accident is an event in the field of construction that comes
unexpectedly and does not want to be desired with the presence of several causes,
which can disrupt or stop the work process that has been determined so that it can
provide losses that can be in the form of victims or direct or indirect costs.
There are three levels of an accident based on the effects it causes.
1. Accident
Accident is an unexpected event that can cause a loss, either loss of life or
property directly or indirectly.
2. Incident
Incident is an unexpected event that has not resulted in any loss. Included
in the incidents are near misses, near misses are events that are almost
accidental, it can be said that events that almost can cause accident events.
3. Near miss
Included in the incidents are near misses, near misses are events that are
almost accidental, it can be said that events that almost can cause accident
events. The cause of near miss is usually from human carelessness at
work.
In work accidents, there are 3 types of grouping, namely:
1. Minor construction work accident
 A work accident that occurs in a construction project that afflicts the
worker or the victim, but after being given treatment, the victim can return
to work immediately as before.

2. Moderate construction work accident

A work accident that occurs in a construction project that afflicts workers
or victims, but after being given treatment requires a maximum recovery
time of 2 x 24 hours. After that it can return to work as before.
3. Serious or fatal work accident
A work accident that occurs in a construction project that afflicts the
worker or the victim, but the victim after being given treatment cannot
return to work as before for more than 2 x 24 hours or the victim
experiences physical disability for life until death.

3.1 Discussion “Construction Project at Becakayu (Bekasi – Cawang –

Kampung Melayu)”

Figure 1.1 The Girder Pole of the Bekasi-Cawang Kampung Melayu Toll
Road that collapsed in Jakarta, February 20, 2018. The incident occurred
at 03.00 WIB and 7 workers were injured by the Girder pole.
 The work accident occurred in the early hours of Tuesday, February 20,
2018. At that time, the formwork (bekisting) of the pier head on the Becakayu
Toll Road project on Jalan DI Panjaitan, Kebon Nanas, East Jakarta, collapsed. As
a result, seven workers became victims. Currently, six workers have been treated
at the Indonesian Christian University Hospital, while another is being treated at
the Kramat Jati Police Hospital.

4.1 Conclusion
According to this case, it can be categorized as accident, because there are
several victims and loss of property.
A construction work accident is an event in the field of construction that
comes unexpectedly and does not want to be desired with the presence of several
causes, which can disrupt or stop the work process that has been determined so
that it can provide losses that can be in the form of victims or direct or indirect
costs. Work accidents are caused by direct causes such as unsafe conditions and
unsafe actions, then indirect causes such as work and individual factors.
Management of construction work accidents requires various efforts by
controlling, supervising, fostering and implementing an occupational health and
safety management system (K3) in the workplace.
 Bibliography

https://metro.tempo.co/read/1063215/cerita-pekerja-tentang-shift-pekerjaan-di-
proyek-tol-becakayu

K3 FT UNY, 2014. Buku Ajar Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Fakultas
Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, DIY