DIRECT SPEECH

(Kalimat Langsung)

AND

INDIRECT SPEECH / REPORTED SPEECH

(Kalimat Tidak Langsung / Kalimat Laporan)

Good morning class !!!

How are you? Kita telah membahas verb (kata kerja) dalam Bahasa Inggris.
Kali ini kita akan bahas mengenai penjelasan lengkap reported speech.

“Apa itu reported speech?”

“Apa saja tipe reported speech dalam Bahasa Inggris?”
“Bagaimana membuat reported speech tersebut?”

Mari kita baca penjelasannya!

PENJELASAN LENGKAP REPORTED SPEECH

Ada dua cara untuk menyampaikan apa yang seseorang katakan:

Direct : langsung (He said, “He goes to library.”), dan

Indirect : tidak langsung (He said that he went to library). Penyampaian

indirect umumnya disebut dengan reported speech.

PENGERTIAN REPORTED SPEECH

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia, kita menyebut reported speech sebagai kalimat tidak
langsung. Reported speech digunakan untuk melaporkan/menyampaikan kembali
perkataan yang telah disampaikan oleh orang lain.

Reported speech (atau indirect speech) umumnya menggunakan

‘say‘, ‘tell‘ dan ‘ask‘ sebagai reporting verbs :

 She said that he went to Jakarta.

 He told me to close the window.
 She asked me where I would go.
JENIS – JENIS INDIRECT SPEECH / REPORTED SPEECH

1. REPORTED STATEMENTS

Reported statement adalah pernyataan yang dilaporkan. Dalam melaporkan

sebuah pernyataan dapat dilakukan di waktu sekarang (present) atau waktu lampau
(past).

A. Reported Speech Dalam Bentuk Present

Menurut Thomson dan Martinet (1986: 269), reported speech dapat dikenalkan
oleh reproting verbs (say/tell/ask) dalam bentuk present :

He says that …

Hal ini terjadi biasanya ketika kita melaporkan percakapan yang sedang berlangsung
:

He says that we have to study hard.

Apabila reporting verb (say/tell/ask) tersebut dalam bentuk present, present

perfect atau future tense, kita dapat melaporkan peryataan langsung tanpa ada
perubahan.

"I am very happy."

Present She says that she is very happy.

Present perfect She has said that she is very happy.

Future She will say that she is very happy.

Dari contoh di atas, kita melihat tidak terjadi perubahan tenses dalam reported
speech, hanya saja berubahnya kata ganti (pronoun) I menjadi She. Perubahan kata ganti
ini terjadi dalam setiap reported speech.

B. Reported Speech Dalam Bentuk Past

Umumnya reported speech dikenalkan oleh reproting verbs (say/tell/ask)

dalam bentuk past :

He said that…

Selanjutnya tejadi perubahan dalam Reported Speech tersebut.

Berikut adalah Perubahan Tenses :

Direct Speech Reported Speech

(kalimat langsung) (kalimat tidak langsung)

Present Simple Past Simple

He said, "I buy an English book". He said that He bought an English book.

Present Continuous Past Continuous

She said, "I am writing a letter". She said that she was writing a letter.

Past Simple Past Perfect

They told me, "We visited Borobudur They told me that they had
Temple". visited Borobudur Temple.

Present Perfect Past Perfect

"I have met him", she told me. She told me that she had met him.

Past Perfect Past Perfect

"I had driven a car", he said. He said that he had driven a car.

Present Perfect Past Perfect Continuous

Continuous He said, "I have He said that he had been playing guitar.
been playing guitar".

Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous

"I was cooking fried rice", she told She told me that she had been
me. cooking fried rice.

Future Conditional
He said, "I will go to Bandung on He said that he would go to Bandung on
Saturday." Saturday.

Future Continuous Conditional Continuous

"I will be sleeping at 10 pm", she She said that she would be sleeping at 10
said. pm.