CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

In parallel combinations each appliance gets full voltage. If one appliance is
switched on, others are not affected. The parallel circuit divides the current through the
appliances. Each appliance gets proper current depending on its resistance. All components
are connected across each other forming exactly two sets of electricity common points.
( P. M. Heimann)
(July 21,2016)

Without parallel circuits,our homes and electronic devices wouldn’t be able to

function the way we require them to function.Parallel circuits keep the lights on in our
homes and ensure that different appliances continue to work,even if other appliances are
turned off.

Make a chart to keep track of your work. If you have a parallel circuit with several
unknown values, a chart will help you organize your information. [9] Here's an example
chart for a circuit with three parallel branches. Note that branches are often referred to as
R followed by a subscript number.

Parallel circuits keep the lights on in our homes and ensure that different
appliances continue to work, even if other appliances are turned off. Parallel
circuits are the standard circuits found in home electrical wiring and offer distinct
advantages over other circuits( study.com 2021)

According to:
https://homework.study.com/explanation/why-is-a-parallel-circuit-better-than-a-series-
circuit-a-a-parallel-circuit-has-an-electromagnet-b-a-parallel-circuit-has-more-power-c-a-
parallel-circuit-has-more-than-one-pathway-d-a-parallel-circuit-has-more-than-one-
resistor.html

Electrical maintenance is the process of ensuring that electrical equipment is kept in good
working order. It includes inspecting, testing, and repairing electrical equipment as
necessary to prevent problems that could lead to a loss of power or an electrical fire.
Statement of the Problem

This study generally aims to determine the percentage of Grade 12 Faraday

students in Electrical Installation and Maintenance of Doña Montserrat Lopez Memorial
High School Senior High School first semester SY 2022-2023.

Specifically,the study aims to answer the following question:

1.What is the percentage of Grade 12 Faraday student in installation of parallel circuit

when group as whole and group according

a. Age
b. Sex
c. 1st quarter grade

2.Is there significant difference in the percentage of Grade 12 FARADAY students in

installation of parallel circuits

a.Age
b.Sex
c. skills

Theoretical Framework
 Philosophy and electrical engineering belong to the same field, i.e. science, but the
scope of the study of both are different. This has become a subject of study for many
researchers in order to find out the level of relationship between the both.Philosophy can
be defined as the learning about reality, evidence, environment and significance and
importance of life, whereas, electrical engineering explains real-world use of electricity its
production, distribution and etc.Engineering has its specific source of existence, its
particular dimensions and regulations to conduct its experiments and processes.
Philosophy of engineering consists of the impact of the work of engineers on society. It
includes the features of ethics and aesthetics, along with that they also include ontology etc.
The awareness in the collaboration of both disciplines has been growing. Philosophy of
engineering consists of the philosophical basis of appreciation, accepting and supervision of
engineering.

According to Ribeiro et.al (2012), philosophy helps individuals in improving the

relationships within a given society, its surroundings and its electrical systems. There is a
relationship between philosophy and electrical engineering, like for an engineer to find out
the solution to a problem he must think in a rational way. Engineers use old-fashioned
techniques to develop electrical groundwork the result of which is that the significant
connections between the arrangements would be ignored, whereas, untechnical scope used
to get unnoticed. In such a case philosophy would be of countless help which will maintain
relations between human beings, machinery, tools and nature. It is not a good option to
disregard philosophy.

Morals like accountability, facility, social responsibility, safety of nature and sincerity
are non-technical terms of engineering which a person understands through the study of
humanities.

Social sciences should be considered as a crucial part of course, facts from philosophy
should be added in high levels of electrical engineering if feasible. A perfect engineer would
take ideas and knowledge from all fields like writers, sociologists, doctors and physicians
(Solomon, 1997).The philosophy of science is different from the philosophy of engineering.
Engineers should use philosophy to find out supplementary understanding of how electrical
engineering was executed and how it should be accomplished. Engineers will assist society

in a superior manner if they are educated about the lawsuit procedures. Engineers should
be well aware of their societal and legal obligation. Engineers got to know about the work
ethics with the knowledge of philosophy.It can be said that engineering should be
authorized to be a self-regulating unit with its meticulous philosophy.
STUDENT’S PROFILE
AGE
FACE TO FACE STUDENT’S IMPROVED
GENDER
SURVEY SKILLS
SEX
1ST QUARTER GRADES

Significance of the Study

 The study focused on level of electrical skill of grade 12 faraday students.Through
this study the following benefited

To the teachers, it would help them to know the level of the skills of their students so
they can think of a technique to improve the skills and help the students to improve
themselves.

To the students .it would help them to enhance their electrical skills so,they can be
prepared for their future job

To the parents,it would help them to guide their children in terms of improving
their skills in electrical so they can help to find a job that suits them.
To the future researcher,it would help them have information about the level of electrical
skills of the students, so it would help them in terms of information that the study would
provide.

Scope and Definition of the study

This study highlights the level of electrical skills of Grade 12 Faraday major in
Electrical Installation and Maintenance students of Doña Montserrat Memorial High
School Senior Highschool Rizal St. Brgy.Rizal Silay City.During 1st Quarter School Year
2022-2023 further,the researcher delimited the domains of Electrical Installation and
Maintenance.The study was based only on the responses,thus,their honesty in answering
affected the result.
Definition Of Terms
  To better understand the study, The following terms were defined
conceptually and operationally.

Academic Performance

Conceptually,this refers to the extent to which a student,teacher or institution has

achieved their short or long term educational goals,commutative SPA and
completion of educational benchmarks such as a secondary school's diplomas
and bachelors represented academic achievement.

Operationally,is the extent to which a student, teacher, or institution has attained

their short or long-term educational goals and is measured either by continuous
assessment or cumulative grade point average (CGPA) May 23, 2022

Conceptually, Gender is the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that
are socially constructed.

Operationally, Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors,

expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse
people(Canadian institution of health Research, 2021)

Conceptually, Age describes how old a person is at a particular point in

time(Canadian institution of health Research, 2021)

Operationally, Age is a period of human life, measured by years from birth,

usually marked by a certain stage or degree of mental or physical development
and involving legal responsibility and capacity.