JIM M.

NEPOMUCENO
12 - ZARA

ARISTOTLE ABOUT INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM

● According to Aristotle, everybody has the right to unrestricted access to information from all
viewpoints, so long as they exercise their right to intellectual freedom. It offers unrestricted
access to all forms of thought expression so that all perspectives on a problem, cause, or
movement can be studied.

ST. THOMAS ACQUAINAS ABOUT BOTH FREEDOM

● According to St. Thomas Acquainas about both freedom is that the will is predisposed to no
one and has the freedom to select one over the other. The capacity to be the finest versions of
ourselves as people comes from the freedom to excel. Here, freedom is rooted in the laws, or
in what constitutes a good person. A person who follows these guidelines is free to excel.

MEANING OF SPIRITUAL FREEDOM

● In the Christian’s perspective, true freedom is not about doing anything you want without
restraint, but about developing the correct desires and living in obedience to God’s plan. In
other words, we experience freedom when our desires line up with God’s will.

JEAN PAUL SARTRE

● He was a major player in the existentialism intellectual movement, and the sociology,
postcolonial ideas, and general literary studies of the 20th century have all benefited greatly
from his work.

INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
● In general, individual freedom refers to a person’s ability to express oneself and to stand
equally before the law. It covers fundamental freedoms like the freedom to assemble, to
publish, to be secure and free, and to maintain one’s privacy.

THOMAS HOBBES
● He was a philosopher from England who is credited as being one of the fathers of
contemporary political philosophy. Hobbes is renowned for his early and thorough elaboration
of “social contract theory,” which justifies political ideas or agreements by referencing the
agreement that would be reached between appropriately situated, rational, free, and equal
people.

THEORY OF SOCIAL CONTRACT

● Hobbes describes law as a command “delivered to one formerly compelled to obey” the
commander in Leviathan. It is not law to issue a directive to an unobligated party. Since the
recipient is not required to heed advice or guidance, neither is it a legal requirement.

WHAT IS THE LEVIATHAN

● In Jewish mythology, the term Leviathan can be used to describe a number of terrifying
monsters, such as a dragon, a snake, a crocodile, or a creature that resembles a whale. It
probably originated in pre-biblical mythology from the Middle East, particularly from the sea
monster in the Ugaritic story of Baal.
JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU
● The philosopher, author, and composer Jean-Jacques Rousseau was from Geneva. Aspects of
the French Revolution, modern political, economic, and educational thought, as well as the
advancement of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, were all affected by his
political theory.

THE SOCIAL CONTRACT

● According to the social contract hypothesis, everyone in a society must abide by a set of moral
and political principles before they may coexist. Some people think that if we follow the social
compact, we can live morally out of our own free will rather than because a higher power
commands us to.

BF SKINNER —> THEORY OF OPERANT CONDITIONING

● This principle states that behavior that results in positive outcomes is more likely to be
repeated, but action that results in negative consequences is less likely to be repeated.
Reinforcement is a novel concept that Skinner added to the Law of Effect.