MIGRATION IN MONGOLIA

Introduction:
Mongolia, a landlocked country located in East Asia, has a rich history of migration due to its nomadic
lifestyle and strategic location between China and Russia. However, in recent years, Mongolia has
experienced significant migration flows, both inward and outward. This report aims to examine the
current state of migration in Mongolia, the reasons behind it, and its impact on the country.

Migration:
According to the United Nations, the number of international migrants in Mongolia increased from
12,000 in 2010 to 23,000 in 2020. The majority of migrants are from neighboring countries such as China
and Russia, with smaller numbers coming from countries such as South Korea and Japan. Internal
migration is also significant, with people moving from rural areas to urban centers such as Ulaanbaatar,
the capital city.

Reasons for Migration:

The reasons for migration in Mongolia vary depending on the type of migration. International migration
is primarily driven by economic factors, with many Chinese and Russian migrants coming to Mongolia for
work opportunities. In contrast, internal migration is driven by both economic and social factors, with
people moving to urban centers for employment, education, and better living conditions.

Impact of Migration:
Migration has both positive and negative impacts on Mongolia. International migration can bring in
much-needed skills and labor, and the remittances sent by migrants can boost the country's economy.
However, it can also lead to social tensions and cultural clashes, especially when migrants do not
integrate into Mongolian society.

Internal migration has had a significant impact on Mongolia's urbanization, with Ulaanbaatar becoming
increasingly crowded and infrastructure struggling to keep up with demand. This has led to issues such
as traffic congestion, housing shortages, and environmental problems.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, migration is an important issue in Mongolia, with both international and internal
migration playing a significant role in the country's development. While migration can bring in economic
and social benefits, it also presents challenges that need to be addressed by the government and other
stakeholders. It is essential to strike a balance between managing migration flows and ensuring that
migrants are integrated into Mongolian society to ensure a sustainable future for the country.

Reference:( https://www.mongoliajol.info/index.php/MJIA/article/download/1024/1287 )

2023/03/12 Javhlan