Very Short Type Question Question 1: Name some of the substances which burn without producing a flame. Answer: Coal and Charcoal Question 2: Name two substances having low ignition temperature. Answer: paper and white phosphorus Question 3: Name two substances having high ignition temperature. Answer: coal and log of wood Question 4: Name some common fuels. Answer: wood, charcoal, petrol and keroseneQuestion 5: Name some solid fuels. Answer: wood, charcoal, coal, coke and cow- dung cakes Question 6: Name some liquid fuels. Answer: kerosene, petro! and diesel Question 7: Name some gaseous fuels. Answer: natural gas, petroleum gas, biogas and coal gas Question 8: Which is the most common fire extinguisher?Answer: The most common fire extinguisher is water. Question 9: Name one substance which burn in air at room temperature? Answer: Phosphorus burns in air at room temperature. Question 10: How are heat and light produced in the sun? Answer: In the sun, heat and light are produced by nuclear reactions. Question 11: Name the term which is used to express the efficiency of a fuel. Answer: The term Calorific value is used to express the efficiency of a fuel.Question 12: Describe one method of putting out a fire caused by burning wood or paper. Or How will you put out a fire caused by burning wood or paper? Answer: Water can be used when things like wood and paper are on fire. Question 13: Name the unit in which the calorific value of a fuel is expressed.Answer: The calorific value of a fuel is expressed in a unit called kilojoule per kg (kJ/kg). Question 14: What is global warming? Answer: Global warming is the rise in temperature of the atmosphere of the earth. Question 15:What is fuel? Answer: The substance that undergoes combustion is said to be combustible. It is also called a fuel. Question 16: Which gas is produced due to incomplete combustion of fuel? Answer: Incomplete combustion of fuels produces a very poisonous gas called carbon monoxide.Question 17: Name the fuel which is gradually replacing petrol and diesel in automobiles. Answer: The use of diesel and petrol as fuels in automobiles is being replaced by CNG (Compressed Natural Gas). Question 18: What is ignition temperature? Or What is the ignition temperature of a substance?Answer: The lowest temperature at which a substance catches fire is called its ignition temperature. Question 19: What is meant by the calorific value of a fuel? Answer: The amount of heat energy produced on complete combustion of 1 kg of a fuel is called its calorific value. Short Answer Type Questions Question 1: What are the three zones of flame? Answer: There are three different zones of a flame - innermost zone (dark zone), middle zone (luminous zone) and outer zone non- luminous zone.Question 2: What is combustion? Give example. Answer: A chemical process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give off heat is called combustion. Example: Burning of charcoal. Question 3: Why food is called fuel for our body? Answer: Food is called fuel for our body because in our body food is broken down by reaction with oxygen and heat is produced. Question 4: Why is the innermost zone of a flame black in colour? Answer: The innermost zone of a flame is black in colour due to presence of unburnt vapours of the combustible material.Question 5: Explain how CO is able to control fires. Answer: CO, being heavier than oxygen, covers the fire like a blanket. Since the contact between the fuel and oxygen is cut off, the fire is controlled. Question 6: Which is the best fire extinguisher for fires involving electrical equipment and inflammable materials like petrol? Answer: For fires involving electrical equipment and inflammable materials like petrol, carbon dioxide (CO>) is the best extinguisher.Question 7: Why is water not used to control fires involving electrical equipment? Or Explain why fire caused by electricity should not be extinguished by pouring water? Or Why water is not suitable for extinguishing fire caused due to electrical appliances? Or Why can we not use water to extinguish fire caused due to electrical appliances?Answer: Water is not used to control fires involving electrical equipment because water may conduct electricity and harm those trying to douse the fire. Question 8: What are the harmful products released by the burning of fuels? Answer: The harmful products released by the burning of fuels are unburnt carbon particles, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides etc. Question 9: What is rapid combustion? Give one example. Answer: The combustion that takes place rapidly and produces heat and light is called rapid combustion. Example: Gas burns rapidly and produces heat and light.Question 10: Why are fires produced by burning oil not extinguished by pouring water? Or Water is not suitable for fires involving oil and petrol. Explain. Or The fire produced by petrol cannot be extinguished by using water. Explain why? Answer: Water is heavier than oil. So, it sinks below the oil, and oil keeps burning on top. Thus, water is also not suitable for fires involving oil and petrol. Question 11: What causes global warming? Answer: Combustion of most fuels releases carbon dioxide in the environment. Increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the air is believed to cause global warming.Question 12: What are the effects of global warming? Answer: Global warming results in the melting of polar glaciers, which leads to a rise in the sea level, causing floods in the coastal areas. Low lying coastal areas may even be permanently submerged under water. Question 13: What is combustible substance? Give some examples. Answer: The substance that undergoes combustion is said to be combustible substance. Some of the combustible substances are wood, coal, charcoal, paper, dry leaves, petrol etc.Question 14: What is non-combustible substance? Give some examples. Answer: The substance that does not burn is said to be non-combustible substance. Some of the non-combustible substances are soil, stone, glass, water etc.Question 15: Can you burn a piece of wood by bringing a lighted matchstick near it? Explain. Answer: The ignition temperature of a piece of wood is high which cannot be reached by the small heat produced by a burning matchstick. So, a matchstick cannot light (or burn) a piece of wood directly. Question 16: How forest fires occur during the hottest summer days? Or Why do forest fires occur during hot summers? Answer: During hot summers, sometimes the ignition temperature of dry grass in the forest is reached, which makes the dry grass catch fire. From grasses, it spreads to trees, and very soon the whole forest is on fire.Question 17: Why does cooking oil catch fire if a frying pan is kept on the burning stove for a long time? Answer: Cooking oil catch fire if a frying pan is kept on the burning stove for a long time because the cooking oil gets heated to its ignition temperature when kept over a burning stove for along time. Question 18: What chemicals can put out a fire? Answer: Carbon dioxide (C02) is the best extinguisher. Another way to get CO, Is to release a lot of dry powder of chemicals like sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or potassium bicarbonate. Near the fire, these chemicals give off CO».Question 19: Why do you have to use paper or kerosene oil to start fire in wood or coal? Answer: Wood or coal has a high ignition temperature, so a wood or coal fire cannot be started by using a lighted matchstick directly. Thus, we use paper or kerosene oil to start fire in wood or coal. Question 20: Explain why we are advised not to sleep in a closed room with a coal fire burning. or Why is it not advisable to sleep in a closed room with burning coal in the fireplace during winters? Answer: Incomplete combustion of fuels gives carbon monoxide gas. It is a very poisonous gas. It is dangerous to burn coal in a closed room. The carbon monoxide gas produced can kill persons sleeping in that room.Question 21: Paper by itself catches fire easily whereas a piece of paper wrapped around an aluminium pipe does not. Give reason. Answer: The heat supplied to the paper is transferred to aluminium pipe by conduction. So, in the presence of aluminium pipe, the ignition temperature of paper is not reached. Hence, it does not burn. Question 22: How is fire caused by electricity extinguished? Answer: For fires involving electrical equipment, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the best extinguisher. CO2, being heavier than oxygen, covers the fire like a blanket. Since the contact between the fuel and oxygen is cut off, the fire is controlled.Question 23: What are inflammable substances? Give examples. Answer: The substances which have very low ignition temperature and can easily catch fire with a flame are called inflammable substances. Examples of inflammable substances are petrol, alcohol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), etc. Question 24: Which zone of a flame does a goldsmith use for melting gold and silver and why?Answer: Goldsmith use the outermost zone of the flame for melting gold and silver because in the outermost zone (or non-luminous zone) of a flame, complete combustion of the fuel takes place and is the hottest part of the flame. Question 25: What is the colour of the different zones of a flame? Answer: A flame consists of three zones: « The innermost zone of a flame is dark (or black) « The middle zone of a flame is yellow. « The outer zone of a flame is blue.Question 26: It is difficult to burn a heap of green leaves but dry leaves catch fire easily. Explain. Answer: It is difficult to burn a heap of green leaves because it contains a lot of moisture and hence its ignition temperature is high. But dry leaves catch fire easily because it contains no moisture and hence its ignition temperature is low. Question 27: What is spontaneous combustion? Give one example. Answer: The type of combustion in which a material suddenly bursts into flames, without the application of any apparent cause is called spontaneous combustion. Example: Burning of white phosphorous on its own at room temperature.