Elyka Sheeba Ambito

BEED-IA

TASK 4

PRIMARY SOURCES:

Vocabulario de la lengua tagala

The Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala, created by Franciscan friar Pedro de SanBuenaVentura and
published in Pila, Laguna in 1613, was the first dictionary of the Tagaloglanguage in the Philippines. A
vocabulario by Juan de Plasencia existed but wasnever published. The Jesuit priests Juan de Noceda
and Pedro de Sanlucar created adictionary with the same name more than a century later; its first edition
was printedinManila in 1754, followed by a second edition in 1860, which was reprinted by theKomisyon
sa Wikang Filipino in 2013.

The Laguna Copperplate Inscription

The Laguna copperplate inscription, also known as Inskripsyon sa binatbat natansongLaguna (literally,
"Inscription on flattened copper of Laguna"), is an official acquittancethat was inscribed on a copper
plate in the Shaka year 822. (Gregorian A.D. 900). It isthe first calendar-dated document that has ever
been discovered in the Philippine

Islands. The plate was discovered in 1989 by a laborer in Wawa, Lumban, Laguna, thePhilippines, close
to the mouth of the Lumbang River. With few technical Sanskrit termsand Old Javanese or Old Tagalog
honorifics, the inscription was primarily writteninOldMalay using the Early Kawi script. Antoon Postma, a
Dutch anthropologist andexpert onthe Hanunó'o script, translated the inscription for the first time in
1991 whenit wasdiscovered. The inscription records the names and existence of numerous
neighboringstates as of AD. 900, such as Tondo, a Tagalog city-state. According to some historians, this
implies ties in terms of trade, culture, and politics between these nationsandtheMedang Kingdom of
Java at the time.

BOOKS

Filipinos in Washington, D. C. by Rita M. Cacas; Juanita Tamayo Lott

Following the Philippines' annexation by the United States in 1900, Filipinos begantosettle in the
Washington, D.C., area. Students, soldiers, sailors, and laborerswereamong the visitors. They went to
positions of authority in the community, servedinthemilitary, and worked for the government within 40
years. Despite the fact that therearemany Filipinos in the area today, nothing is known about the people
who startedtheFilipino community. Philippine Americans in Washington, D.C. preserves anethnichistory
and records local historical occurrences and political transitions.

Common Destiny by Juanita Tamayo Lott

Like many other ethnic communities in America, Filipino Americans are diverseandcomplex. This book
explores the development of Filipino Americans in relationtopolitical forces, the social order at the time,
individual rights and obligations, economicachievement, and the American Dream. Lott demonstrates
how Filipino Americanshaveactively participated in American democracy and explains why civic
engagement isessential for every newly emerging ethnic group. Her contentious premise is that
theadult/child link, rather than the color line, will define the twenty-first century sincenosociety can endure
without adult men and women making ongoing commitmentstoandshared sacrifices for the wellbeing of
younger generations.

SECONDARY SOURCES:

JOURNAL

Kasarinlan: Philippine Journal of Third World Studies

Internationally peer-reviewed, the Philippine Journal of Third World Studies is publishedtwice a year. With
a focus on political economics, it offers a forumfor critical andinterdisciplinary viewpoints on the
Philippines and the Third World. As part of theCommission on Higher Education's (CHED) Journal
Incentive Program, Kasarinlanisreceiving a Journal Incubator grant with the goal of assisting "promising
Philippinejournals towards the route to reach the minimal generally accepted standardsforScopus/WoS-
indexability" (CHED Memorandum Order 53, Series of 2016). Kasarinlanmaintained a Category A-2 (very
good to excellent) classification under theformerCHED journal certification program from 2009 to 2015.

TEXTBOOKS :

Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas

Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas, another renowned work of Philippine literature, is written in the
'awit' style, with four lines per stanza and 12 syllables per line. It dealswith the romance between Duke
Florante and Princess Laura, who is also beingsoughtafter by Florante's adversary Count Adolfo, and is
set in the imaginary realmof Albania. This novel has become a beloved play among Filipino high school
students andhasbeen presented in opulent venues like the Gantimpala Theater and the Cultural Center
ofthe Philippines as a literary classic.

Mga Ibong Mandaragit by Amado V. Hernandez

Amado V. Hernandez, a social activist and writer from the Philippines, wrote MgaIbongMandaragit
(Birds of Prey). It shares similarities with Rizal's earlier works, Noli MeTángere and El Filibusterismo, in

that it addresses social-political themes, particularly

the Philippine Revolution and neocolonialism. In a passage fromthe book, TataMatyasquizzed Mando
Plaridel to see how much he knew about Rizal's contentious writings. Readers will notice Hernandez's
great expectations for big improvements that wouldimprove Philippine society as he described the living
circumstances of the peoplethereat the time.

Banaag at Sikat by Lope K. Santos

One of Lope K. Santos' earliest works, Banaag at Sikat (From Early Dawn to Full Light), has been called
the "bible of the Filipino working class." Filipino critic TeodoroAgoncilloregarded it as one of the most
significant works of Philippine literature in 1949. That'sbecause, in Agoncillo's opinion, it opened the door
for the creation of a frameworkforthe writing of Tagalog novels. The story is told in the novel by Delfin
and Felipe, whohave opposing viewpoints. Felipe, while being the son of a wealthy landowner, leansmore
toward anarchist than Delfin, who is a socialist. Themes of love, surviving, andsocietal standing are
woven throughout the story.

References:

Noceda, Juan José de; Sanlucar, Pedro de; Almario, Virgilio S.; Ebreo, Elvin R.; Yglopaz, Anna Maria M.
(2013). Vocabulario de la lengua tagala. Manila: Komisyon saWikangFilipino.

Postma, Antoon (April–June 1992). "The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: Text andCommentary".
Philippine Studies. Ateneo de Manila University. 40 (2): 182–203. JSTOR42633308.

Postma, Antoon (1991). "The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: A Valuable PhilippineDocument". Indo-
Pacific Prehistory 1990 Assn. Bulletin 11. 2: 161–165 –via UniversityLibraries - University of Washington.

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