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    This document summarizes recent historical changes to British English accents and dialects from the early 20th century to present day. It outlines phonetic changes including the fronting of GOAT vowels, loss of TH-fronting, and changes to vowel sounds in CLOTH words from the early 20th century. Mid-century changes included the loss of weak FORCE vowels and drift of weak vowel sounds. Late 20th century changes involved vocalization of /l/ and /t/, backing of THOUGHT vowels, and other vowel shifts. The document concludes by listing characteristics of a contemporary regional near-RP accent in England.

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    This document summarizes recent historical changes to British English accents and dialects from the early 20th century to present day. It outlines phonetic changes including the fronting of GOAT vowels, loss of TH-fronting, and changes to vowel sounds in CLOTH words from the early 20th century. Mid-century changes included the loss of weak FORCE vowels and drift of weak vowel sounds. Late 20th century changes involved vocalization of /l/ and /t/, backing of THOUGHT vowels, and other vowel shifts. The document concludes by listing characteristics of a contemporary regional near-RP accent in England.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3 views1 page

    x202 8 Lecture New Historical

    Uploaded by

    Sebastian Vanderlinden
    This document summarizes recent historical changes to British English accents and dialects from the early 20th century to present day. It outlines phonetic changes including the fronting of GOAT vowels, loss of TH-fronting, and changes to vowel sounds in CLOTH words from the early 20th century. Mid-century changes included the loss of weak FORCE vowels and drift of weak vowel sounds. Late 20th century changes involved vocalization of /l/ and /t/, backing of THOUGHT vowels, and other vowel shifts. The document concludes by listing characteristics of a contemporary regional near-RP accent in England.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Phonetics and Linguistics, UCL X202/04/8L

    PLINX202 ENGLISH ACCENTS

    Week 8. Historical change (iii)


    British prestige innovations (continued)

    1. Recent changes: early twentieth century


    / / in CLOTH words cloth, cough, cross, lost, off, often…
    FORCE merger: loss of / / ( / /) floor = flaw, four = for, source = sauce
    GOAT fronting: [ ] goat, over the road, oh no
    loss of [ ] obey, November, biological, microphone
    opening of / / that bad man
    replacement of [ ] by [ ] very sorry for any errors

    2. Recent changes: mid twentieth century


    loss of / / ( / /) poor, sure, cure, your(s), you’re
    drift from weak / / to / / possible, visible, sanity, carelessness
    plosive epenthesis fence, instance, conscience, emphasis
    yod coalescence before weak V actual, perceptual, gradual
    glottalling of /t/ _C, _#C football, witness, atlas, network, quite C

    3. Recent changes: late twentieth century


    weak final [ ] [ ] (“/ /”) happy, coffee, valley; various, radiate
    backing of / / before [ ] told, cold, goal, whole
    unrounding, fronting of / / spoon, you, good
    glottalling of /t/ in envs. _#V, _ quite easy, not only, right.
    vocalization of /l/ ([ ]) milk, shelf, feel, table, middle
    yod coalescence before strong V Tuesday, tune, reduce, duke
    monophthonging of / / [ ] fair and square, Mary
    “uptalk” (HR on statement) My name’s Mary /Smith.
    s-affricate assimilation ( ) _ : strong _ : student

    Characteristics of contemporary regional ‘near-RP’ in England: may typically include (some of)

    • No NG Simplification morpheme-final sing, singer


    • Short vowel in BATH words (not ) in some words ask after
    • Quality of closing diphthongs ( ) price, mouth
    ( ) face, goat
    • No R Dropping non-prevocalic short war
    • STRUT(-FOOT) or , for RP good luck
    • everything else mentioned on this page

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