Westminster School

Play Term 2019

Lower Shell Chemistry

Time: 1 hour
Name:

70
Set:

LSC LSF LSH LSL LSM LSR

Instructions to candidates:

In the appropriate box above, write your name and circle your set no.
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.

Information for candidates:

The marks for individual questions and the parts of questions are shown in square brackets:
e.g. [2].
There are two sections in this question paper. Section A contains 10 multiple-choice
questions, and Section B contains 5 structured questions. The total mark for this paper is 70.
A Periodic Table is provided on the back page.
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Blank Page

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Section A – Multiple Choice Questions
For each of the following questions in Section A, circle the letter of the correct
answer. Each question is worth 1 mark.

1.

2.

3.

3
4.

5.

4
6.

7. Chlorine reacts with methane. Which statements are correct?

1. The reaction takes place in the dark.

2. The reaction of chlorine with methane forms chloromethane
3. The reaction of chlorine with methane is an addition reaction.

A 1 only

B 2 and 3

C 2 only

D 1, 2 and 3

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8. How many structural isomers are there of C5H12?

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4

9. What is the structural formula of the product when bromine reacts with 2-methylbut-2-ene?

A CH3CH2CH2CBrCHBrCH3

B C5H10Br2

C (CH3)2CBrCHBrCH3

D (CH3)2CHCHBrCH2Br

10. What is the correct name for the compound below?

Br Br

C C

H3C CH2

H3C

A 3,4-dibromopent-2-ene

B 2,3-dibromopent-2-ene

C 2,3-dibromopent-3-ene

D 3,4-dibromopent-3-ene

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Section B – Structured Questions
1. This question is about an additive in tap water.

Tap water has several chemicals added to it in order to purify it and make it fit for drinking. One of
these is potassium permanganate, KMnO4, which is an oxidising agent that has a vivid purple colour
in water. Too much KMnO4 can result in the tap water becoming coloured. Fortunately, dilute
potassium permanganate solutions have low toxicity.

a)
(i) Explain what is meant by the term oxidising agent.

…………………………………..…………………………………..…………………………………..…………………………………

…………………………………..…………………………………..…………………………………..…………………………………
[1]

(ii) KMnO4 contains the MnO4– ion. When MnO4– ions react, they produce Mn2+ ions as one of
the products. By considering the charge on the Mn in MnO 4–, or otherwise, complete and
balance the following ionic half-equation.

2+ ¿+ O ¿
−¿ → Mn ¿ ¿
−¿ + +¿ +¿ ¿¿
¿¿
MnO4 ¿

[2]

The concentration of potassium permanganate in an unknown sample of water can be calculated by

plotting a calibration graph of absorbance vs concentration.

b) Using the data below, plot a graph of absorbance (y-axis) against concentration (x-axis) on the
graph paper overleaf. Label the axes and draw a line of best fit through your data.

Concentration of
0.0001 0.0002 0.0003 0.00035 0.0005
KMnO4 (mol/dm3)
Absorbance 0.20 0.45 0.65 0.78 1.10

[3]

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c) Using your graph, answer the following questions.

(i) What is the absorbance of a solution whose concentration is 0.0004 mol/dm 3.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]

(ii) Assuming that the absorbance of some contaminated tap water was 0.40, what was the
concentration of potassium permanganate in the contaminated water.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]

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 (iii) Given that for potassium permanganate 1 mol/dm 3 = 158 g/dm3, calculate the mass of
potassium permanganate in 1 litre of the contaminated tap water. [1 litre = 1 dm3].

Mass of KMnO4 in 1 litre of tap water = ………………………………………….

[1]

d) Assuming that the toxic dose for potassium manganate(VII) is 1.0 g per kg of body weight, what
volume of the same contaminated tap water would a 75 kg human being have had to drink to
consume a toxic dose?

[If you have not calculated a value in b) (iii) you may assume the mass of KMnO 4 per litre is
0.015g – this is not the correct answer]

Volume of tap water = ………………………………………….

[2]

[Total for Q1: 11 marks]

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2. This question is about some reactions of propene.

Propene is a very useful starting material for a number of chemical reactions

as it can easily be converted into several other compounds. Below is a
summary of some of these reactions.

a) Nickel is often used as the catalyst for Reaction 1. Use your Periodic Table to select which of
the following metals can be used instead of nickel to catalyse Reaction 1.

A Potassium

B Calcium

C Gallium

D Palladium
[1]

b) Give the name of the reagent and the product for Reaction 2.

Reagent: ………………………………………….………………………………………….

Product: ………………………………………….………………………………………….

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 [2]
c) Both Reaction 2 and Reaction 3 are classified as addition reactions.

(i) Given that Reaction 3 requires heating, suggest a safety measure that should be put
in place.

………………………………………….………………………………………….………………………………………….
[1]

(i) Why is compound A (the product of Reaction 3) not classified as a hydrocarbon?

………………………………………….………………………………………….………………………………………….
[1]

(ii) Draw the fully displayed formula for a possible product of Reaction 3.

[1]
(iii) Name the compound you have drawn in part (i).

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]

d) Reaction 4 is classified as an oxidation reaction. By considering the change in molecular

formula, suggest why it is possible to deduce this.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1]

[Total for Q2: 8 marks]

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3. This question is about the extraction of lead metal from its ore,
galena, which is predominantly lead sulphide, PbS.

After purification, the first stage in the process is to roast the lead
sulphide in air to turn it into lead oxide. The equation for this step
is shown below.

2 PbS+3 O2 → 2 PbO +2 SO 2

a) Identify which reagent is the reducing agent in the above equation. Explain your answer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2]

b) Explain why the SO2 produced in this reaction may be damaging to the environment.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1]

c) The next stage in the process is to reduce the lead oxide by adding it into a blast furnace
with coke (purified carbon, C). Carbon reduces the lead oxide to lead and produces carbon
monoxide, which can then reduce more lead oxide.

PbO+ C → Pb+CO
PbO+ CO → Pb+CO 2

(i) Alternatively, carbon monoxide may form directly from the reaction of carbon with
carbon dioxide. Write a balanced chemical equation for this process. State symbols
are not required.

[1]

(ii) Explain fully why carbon monoxide is poisonous.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2]
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d) Lead metal is less reactive than zinc metal.

Explain how you might use a reaction of the oxides of lead and zinc to show their relative
reactivity. Give the name of a reagent you might use.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2]

e) Lead is commonly used in motor vehicle batteries, where the metal is immersed in a solution
of sulphuric acid. An issue with these batteries is that the reaction can produce hydrogen gas
if the current is high.

(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between lead and sulphuric
acid, including state symbols.

[2]

(ii) Explain which reagent has been oxidised in the reaction you have written, in terms
of electrons gained or lost.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2]

[Total for Q3: 12 marks]

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4. This question is about identifying an unknown organic compound, X. Use the following
information and your chemical knowledge to answer the questions that follow.

 Compound X reacts with bromine water in a ratio of 1:2

 Compound X has a continuous chain of carbons (i.e. no branches)
 Compound X is an isomer of cyclohexene, shown below.

a) Define the term isomer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2]

b) State the molecular formula for compound X.

[1]
c) Deduce the empirical formula for cyclohexene.

[1]
d)
(i) What would be observed during the reaction of compound X with bromine water.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2]

(ii) Explain how you might use this reaction to distinguish between compound X and
cyclohexene.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]
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e) Draw the fully displayed formula for a possible structure for compound X.

[2]

f) Deduce the general formula for the homologous series of which compound X is a member.

[1]

[Total for Q4: 10 marks]

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5. This question is about skeletal formulae.

A skeletal formula is a form of simplified displayed formula in which only the

carbon chain (the skeleton) is shown. In a skeletal formula, all the hydrogen
atoms are removed from carbon chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton with
functional groups attached to it.

Consider the following information and example:

 there is a carbon atom at each junction between bonds in a chain and at the end of each
bond (unless there is something else there already – like the -OH group in the example);
 there are enough hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon to make the total number of
bonds on that carbon up to 4.

H OH H H
OH
H C C C C H is the same as
H H H H

Some further examples are given in the table below, which are referred to in the questions that
follow.

Formula A B C D
Skeletal
Cl

H
Displayed H H H
H H H
H H
H C
H C C H
H C C C Cl H C C H C C H
H C H
H C H
H H H H H
H H

a) Compounds B and C are members of the same homologous series.

(i) Name the homologous series.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]
(ii) Give three characteristics of a homologous series.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[3]
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b) Compound A is named 1-chloropropane. Draw the skeletal formula for 2-chloropropane.

[1]

c) Compound D reacts with bromine, under suitable conditions, to give two products.

(i) Give the necessary condition for the reaction to occur.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]

(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction, using skeletal formulae for the organic
reagent and product. State symbols are not necessary.

[3]
(iii) Name the type of reaction occurring.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1]

d)
(i) Write an equation for the complete combustion of compound B using molecular
formulae. State symbols are not necessary.

[3]

(ii) Give two other products that might form if there is insufficient oxygen present.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2]

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e) Complete the following table, giving the molecular or structural formula as appropriate.

Skeletal formula Molecular formula Structural formula

(i) (ii)

Cl (iii)

C4H6Cl2
Cl

(iv) N/A

[4]

[Total for Q5: 19 marks]

[Total for Paper: 70 marks]

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