Name: ___________________________________

Date: ____________________________________

Test • Unit 7
Social Modals
Learning How to Remember
Part I

A Write C (correct) or I (incorrect) for each sentence.

C 1. You should always take notes in lectures.
2. Sergei had better not to forget about the meeting.
3. I should tried harder to improve my memory.
4. Kumiko has to study tomorrow night.
5. You are not supposed take your bag into the exam room.
6. Mark could have helped me review for the test, but he didn’t want to.
7. Brenda might want to consider doing some exercises for her memory.

B Circle the correct word or phrase.

1. I recognize that woman but I can’t / am not able remember her name.
2. Jim ought to work / should have worked on his memory before next week’s exam.
3. You do not have to / should not forget to sign the form.
4. Jenny was supposed to / was able to memorize this list of words, but she can only remember
half of them.
5. Don’t worry. Students must not / are not required to remember all this information.
6. You could have reminded / were able to remind Mindy about the lecture. You know how bad her
memory is.
7. Because we were training our memories, no one was permitted to / should take notes
during the exercise.

Part II

1. Modals and Modal-like Expressions of Advice and Regret

Circle the correct answer.
1. Students _________ a note-taking system that makes reviewing easy.

Grammar and Beyond ETM 3 © Cambridge University Press 2019 Photocopiable Test • Unit 7 1
 a. should use b. should not use c. should have used
2. Lucy’s history exam results were disappointing. She thinks she _________ more attention
in lectures last semester.
a. should pay b. ought to have paid c. had better pay
3. She feels she _________ as many notes as she did.
a. should take b. ought to take c. should not have taken
4. She thinks she _________ on the main points of the course instead of writing down every detail.
a. should have concentrated b. could concentrate c. couldn’t have concentrated
5. In the future, Lucy _________ her mind before her lectures begin. a. ought to have prepared b.
should prepare c. could have prepared
6. For example, she _________ thinking about the topic of the lecture before she even enters the
lecture hall.
a. could start b. had better not start c. should have started
7. Most importantly, Lucy _________ some advice on how to take effective notes before next semester,
or she will likely have the same problem again.
a. could have gotten b. had better get c. ought to have gotten

2. Modals and Modal-like Expressions of Permission, Necessity, and Obligation

Circle the correct word or phrase.

Kim’s Game
Kim’s Game is an activity you can do with children from an early age to develop their memories.
First, you place a number of different objects on a tray, and the child (1) could / can / had to
study them for about a minute. Then you cover the objects with a cloth, and the child
(2) has to / cannot / may not list as many objects as he or she can remember. The child may not look
under the cloth. You (3) are not supposed to / had to / did not have to give the child ideas, but you (4)
had to / are allowed / may offer some help if he or she is having difficulty.

My mother used to remove one of the objects after I had studied them, and then I
(5) must / had to / should guess which one was missing. Any activity you do with small children
(6) is allowed to / must / is permitted to be fun to be really effective.

3. Modals and Modal-like Expressions of Ability

Complete the sentences with the past, present, or future form of the modals or modal-
like expressions of ability. Use the words in parentheses.
1. Sheree can’t complete (can / not / complete) her paper on memory loss by Friday.
2. Doug __________________ (not / be able to / save) the photos on his laptop yesterday.
3. Elena could see A Better Memory, A Better You on the top shelf at the library, but she
__________________ (can / not / reach) it.

Grammar and Beyond ETM 3 © Cambridge University Press 2019 Photocopiable Test • Unit 7 2
 4. Gabrielle came back from vacation last Sunday. However, she __________________ (could / stay)
away another night since Monday’s meeting was canceled.
5. I want to call Jorge, but I __________________ (can / not / find) his new phone
number.
6. I __________________ (not / be able to / remember) my plans if I don’t note
them on my calendar.
7. You __________________ (could / not / see) Jim at the office yesterday.
He was home with the flu.

Part III
Read the first sentence, then complete the second sentence so that it is
similar in meaning to the first sentence. Use the word or phrase in
parentheses with the underlined words from the first sentence.
1. Alicia should learn some new memory techniques.
(ought) Alicia ought to learn some new memory techniques.
2. You shouldn’t try to stay up all night studying for the exam.
(had better) You to stay up all night studying for the exam.
3. Noriko ought to have taken more notes during the course.
(should) Noriko more notes during the course.
4. Students are not allowed to sign up for memory training until Tuesday.
(may / not) Students for memory training until Tuesday.
5. Joss wasn’t able to remember where his car keys were.
(could / not) Joss where his car keys were.
6. You may not refer to a dictionary during the examination.
(be permitted to / not) You to a dictionary during the examination.
7. Students have to score at least 70 percent on the memory test to move up to the next
level. (must) Students at least 70 percent on the memory test to move
up to the next level.
8. Participants in the memory study are not required to give their names.
(have to / not) Participants in the memory study their names.
9. You must not park your car outside the test center.
(be allowed to / not) You your car outside the test center.
10. Joanne can remember events from her very early childhood.
(be able to) Joanne events from her very early childhood.
11. Sally had the ability to finish her assignment last night, but she didn’t.
(could) Sally her assignment last night, but she didn’t.

Grammar and Beyond ETM 3 © Cambridge University Press 2019 Photocopiable Test • Unit 7 3
Part IV

Writing

Many students struggle to recall facts, and they need advice about how to remember better.
Write some advice for how to improve your memory or study habits. Use modals in your writing.

Grammar and Beyond ETM 3 © Cambridge University Press 2019 Photocopiable Test • Unit 7 4