A330 Ata 26 PW 4000 Engine

FEAM TECHNICAL TRAINING LLC
Training Manual
with PW 4000 engine
ATA 26
Fire Protection
Level 3
01/07//2018 REV 1 These notes are not revised after issue For Training Purposes Only Page 1 of 45
For training purposes and internal use only.

All rights reserved. No parts of this training
manual may be sold or reproduced in any form
without permission.
TABLE OF FIGURES

ATA 26 FIRE PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
26-00 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
FIRE DETECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
EXTINGUISHING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
FIRE PROTECTION PANELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
ENGINE FIRE (OVERHEAD PANEL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
ENGINE FIRE (PEDESTAL PANEL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
APU FIRE OVERHEAD PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
APU FIRE EXTERNAL CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
AVIONICS / CARGO COMPT
SMOKE (OVERHEAD PANEL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
FLIGHT PHASE INHIBITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM TESTS (VIA MCDU) . . . . 20
FIRE/ OVERHEAT DETECTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
SMOKE DETECTOR DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
26 -12 ENGINE FIRE DETECTION (PW 4000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
ENGINE FIRE DETECTION LOOP FAULT WARNINGS 32
COMPONENT LOCATIONS (PW4000 INSTALLATION) 34
OPERATIONAL TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
BUILT-IN TEST EQUIPMENT (BITE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
01/07//2018 REV 1 These notes are not revised after issue For Training Purposes Only Page 3 of 45 Page i
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Fire and Smoke Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 2 Fire Extinguishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 3 Panel Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 4 Engine Fire Overhead Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 5 APU Fire Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 6 APU Fire Indicating from the Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 7 Cargo and Avionics
Compartment Smoke (Overhead Panel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 8 Flt Phase Inhibits Cargo / Lavatory Smoke . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 9 Flt Phase Inhibits Engine Fire / Avionics Smoke . . . . . . .
Figure 10 Fire Protection System Tests (via MCDU) . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 11 Engine Fire Detection System and Components . . . . . .
Figure 12 Smoke Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 26 Engine Fire Detection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 27 FDU Electrical Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 35 Fire Warning Principle
Schematic (PW 4000 INSTALLATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 16 Engine Loop Fault Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 42 Core / Pylon Fire Detector
Element (PW4000 INSTALLATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 20 Engine Fire Test Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 21 BITE Test from MCDU without Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 22 BITE Test MCDU with Failure Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
01/07//2018 REV 1 These notes are not revised after issue For Training Purposes Only Page 4 of 45 Page ii
Lufthansa Technical Training
FIRE PROTECTION A330-200 / 300 A340-200 / 300
GENERAL
26-00
ATA 26 FIRE PROTECTION

Detection ATA-Chapter Extinguishing ATA-Chapter
Engine Fire and Overheat 26-12 Engine Fire 26-21

APU Fire and Overheat 26-13 APU Fire 26-22
Avionics Compartment Smoke 26-15 Portable Fire 26-24
Lower Deck Cargo Compartment Smoke 26-16 Lower Deck Cargo Compartment Fire 26-23
Lavatory Smoke 26-17 Lavatory Fire 26-25
Aux. Areas Smoke 26-18 Aux. Areas Fire 26-28
For Training Purposes Only
FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 1

FIRE PROTECTION A330-200 / 300
GENERAL
26-00
26-00 GENERAL
FIRE DETECTION
Definition Smoke Detection
The design of the fire detection system is different according to the area which Smoke detectors are used to detect the visible and invisible combustion par-
is monitored. ticles. When the preset threshold is reached, the smoke detector triggers a
Overheat and Fire Detection warning via the Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU).
The fire and overheat detection elements are installed in each engine nacelle S Avionics Compartment
and in the APU compartment. In the avionics compartment, smoke detection sensing is provided by two
Smoke detection smoke detectors.
The function of the smoke detection system is to monitor each lavatory, the The smoke detectors are installed on the ventilation air extraction duct.
avionics compartment and cargo compartments and the crew rest compart- When the warning is triggered, the crew members must initiate the smoke
ments. procedure.
The avionics compartment smoke detection is detailed in ATA chapter
Fire and Overheat Detection 26-15-00.
Thermo sensitive loops detect fire or overheat conditions. They trigger the S Lower Deck Cargo Compartment
warning by means of the Fire Detection Unit (FDU) when the temperature
In the lower deck cargo compartment there are ambient smoke detectors.
reaches the threshold of the monitored area.
They function by pair to prevent spurious smoke warnings. The ambient
S Engine smoke detectors are installed in the forward, aft and bulk cargo compart-
Two independent loops are installed in each engine nacelle. They consist of ment.
sensing elements which are connected in parallel. Both loops are connected When a warning is triggered, the corresponding ventilation and heating sys-
according to an AND logic. The purpose of this logic is to prevent spurious tem closes automatically.
FIRE warnings. The lower deck cargo compartment smoke detection is detailed in ATA
The engine overheat and fire detection system is detailed in ATA chapter chapter 26-16-00.
26-12-00. S Lavatory
S APU Each lavatory is equipped with one ambient smoke detector.
The detection system monitors the APU compartment where fuel and bleed- The lavatory smoke detection system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-17-00.
air systems are possible fire or overheat sources. S Auxiliary Areas

The detection system comprises two independent loops. They are con-
The auxiliary areas (crew rest compartments) are equipped with one or
nected according to an AND logic.
more ambient smoke detectors.
The purpose of this logic is to prevent spurious FIRE warnings.
The auxiliary areas smoke detection system is detailed in ATA chapter
The APU fire and overheat detection system is detailed in ATA chapter
26-18-00.
26-13-00.
FRA US/T-2 NfD/ToR March 02 Page 2

GENERAL
26-00

Figure 1 Fire and Smoke Detection

GENERAL
26-00
EXTINGUISHING

Definition 4 Lavatory Fire
There are several different fire extinguishing methods.
The methods depend on: A bottle located above the waste bin can extinguish a fire in the lavatory waste
the area in which the fire occurs and the fact that the aircraft is in flight or on bin.
the ground. The fire extinguisher bottle is squibbed automatically by a thermal fuse and
For each method one or two fixed fire extinguisher bottle(s) or portable fire ex- sprays the extinguishing agent directly into the waste bin.
tinguisher(s) are used. They are operated either automatically and manually or The lavatory fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-25-00.
manually only.
5 Portable Fire Extinguisher (ATA 26-24)
Fixed Equipment
The portable extinguishers are operated manually and are used if there is a fire
The function of the fixed equipment installed on board is to extinguish fire oc- in the cockpit or the cabin.
curring in the following areas: The portable extinguishers are detailed in ATA chapter 26-24-00.
1 Engine Fire 6 Auxiliary Areas Fire Extinguisher (ATA 26-28)

There is a fire extinguishing system in each nacelle. The system is supplied by The auliliary areas fire extinguishing system is supplied by one bottle in the
two bottles. The percussion of the bottles is controlled from the cockpit. The lower deck mobile crew rest compartment. The percussion of the bottle on the
engine nacelle fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-21-00. can be controlled manually or automatically.
The auxiliary areas fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter
2 APU Fire 26-28-00.
The APU fire extinguishing system is supplied by one bottle. The percussion of
the bottle on the ground can be controlled manually or automatically. In flight,
the percussion is manually activated from the cockpit.
The APU fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-22-00.
3 Lower Deck Cargo Compartment Fire

The cargo fire extinguishing system is supplied by two bottles. The extinguish-
ing agent can be sprayed in the forward cargo compartment or in the aft cargo
compartment.
The percussion of the bottle is controlled from the cockpit.
The cargo compartment fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter
26-23-00.

GENERAL
26-00

2 4
6
3
5
1
Figure 2 Fire Extinguishing

GENERAL
26-00
FIRE PROTECTION PANELS

Fire Detection Smoke Detection
When the engine Fire Detection Unit (FDU), confirms a fire or overheat it trig- Avionics Compartment
gers warnings on: When the Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU) confirms a smoke detectionit
S the ENG/FIRE control panel (255VU), triggers a warning on:
S the ENG MASTER control panel (125VU), S the VENTILATION control panel (212VU),
- the MASTER WARN light comes on, - the CAUTION WARN light comes on,
- the Engine Warning Display (EWD), - the EWD,
- the System Display (SD). - The aural warning sounds.
- the aural warning sounds. Lower Deck Cargo Compartment
When the APU Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or overheat: When the SDCU confirms a smoke detection:it triggers a warning on:
In the cockpit it triggers a warning on: S the CARGO SMOKE control panel (212VU),
S the APU/FIRE control panel (231VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- the MASTER WARN light comes on, - the EWD,
- the EWD, - The aural warning sounds.
- the SD. Lavatories
- the aural warning sounds. When the SDCU confirms a smoke detection:
On the ground it triggers a warning on: In the cockpit it triggers a warning on:
- the FIRE warning light comes on on the control panel (925VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- the ground horn sounds. - the EWD,
- The aural warning sounds.
In the cabin it triggers a warning on:
- the applicable Attendent Indication Panel (AIP),
- the Forward Attendent Panel (FAP),
- the Additional Attendent Panel (AAP).

- The cabin chime sounds.

GENERAL
26-00

Figure 3 Panel Location

GENERAL
26-00
ENGINE FIRE (OVERHEAD PANEL)

AGENT 1 (2) Pushbutton - Fuel LP valve closure
S Active when the corresponding ENG FIRE pushbutton is pushed. - ENG fuel return valve closure.
S Momentarily pressed: - Hydraulic fire valve closure.
The bottle is discharged. - ENG bleed valve closure.
S SQUIB Lights: - Pack flow control valve closure.
S Illuminate white when the corresponding ENG FIRE pushbutton is - Elec generator deactivation.
pushed to facilitate identification of the AGENT pushbutton to be acti-
vated. ENGINE FIRE (PEDESTAL PANEL)
S DISCH lights:
Panel Description
- Illuminate amber when the related fire extinguisher bottle depressurized.
FIRE Light
TEST Pushbutton
- Identifies the engine to be shutdown.
S Enables fire detection and extinguishing system operation to be tested
simultaneously for the four engines. - Illuminates red as long as a fire is detected on the respective engine.
S When pressed:
- Continuous repetitive chime sounds.
- MASTER WARNING Lights flash.
- ECAM engine fire warnings are activated.
- On the Fire Panel:
- All ENG.FIRE pushbutton illuminate red.
- All SQUIB lights illuminate white provided discharge supplies are avail-
able.
- All DISCH lights illuminate amber.
S On the ENG panel (pedestal)
- All fire lights illuminate red.
ENG 1(2,3,4) FIRE pushbutton switch

S In and guarded:
- Normal position.
Released out:
- An electrical signal causes for the respective engine:
- Aural warning cancellation.
- SQUIB arming

GENERAL
26-00
1 2 3
4
Figure 4 Engine Fire Overhead Panel

GENERAL
26-00
APU FIRE OVERHEAD PANEL

APU FIRE pushbutton switch AGENT Pushbutton
S In and guarded S Active when the corresponding APU FIRE pushbutton is pushed.
- Normal position S Momentarily pressed:
S Released out: An electrical signal causes - the bottle is discharged.
- APU shut down S SQUIB light:
- Aural warning cancellation - Illuminates white when the APU FIRE pushbutton switch is pushed to
- Squib arming facilitate identification of the agent pushbutton to be activated.
- Fuel LP valve closure S DISCH light:
- APU fuel pumps off (AFT and FWD) - Illuminates amber when the fire extinguisher bottle is depressurized.
- APU bleed and X bleed valves closure APU AUTO EXTING RESET pushbutton:
- APU GEN deactivation - When pressed all ECB (Electronic Control Box) output signals are re-
S APU FIRE light : Illuminates red independently of the pusbutton position as setted and the automatic shut down function is reinitialized.
long the APU fire warning is activated. - The reset is inoperative during test or if the fire signal is active.
TEST Pushbutton
S Enables fire detection and extinguishing system operation to be tested.
S When pressed:
- Continuous repetitive chime sounds.
- Master Warning lights flash.
- ECAM APU fire warning is activated.
S On the APU FIRE panel:
- APU FIRE pushbutton illuminates (red)
- SQUIB light illuminates (white)
- DISCH light illuminates (amber)
NOTE: THERE IS NO AUTOMATIC SHUTDOWN ON GROUND DURING

TEST.

GENERAL
26-00
4
2 3
Figure 5 APU Fire Panel

GENERAL
26-00
APU FIRE EXTERNAL CONTROL

APU Fire Light
S The APU FIRE light illuminates red on ground, accompanied by an external
horn warning when an APU fire is detected.
S The APU fire extinguisher will autmatically discharge 3 seconds after the fire
warning appearance.
S The light will go off after extinction of the fire.
APU SHUT OFF Pushbutton

S The pushbutton is guarded by a flap. When it is pressed in the event of an
APU fire, automatic shutdown is confirmed and external horn is silenced.

GENERAL
26-00
1
Figure 6 APU Fire Indicating from the Ground

GENERAL
26-00
AVIONICS / CARGO COMPT SMOKE (OVERHEAD PANEL)

AGENT Pushbutton
When pressed the associated squib is ignited for discharge of the extinguishing
agent in the associated cargo compartment. (FWD or AFT/ BULK).
SMOKE Light
Illuminates red associated with ECAM warning when smoke is detected in the
associated compartment and during test .
SQUIB Light
Illuminates white to indicate that:
the squib is ignited.
the squib is ok during cargo smoke detection test.
TEST Pushbutton
When pressed:
S the smoke detectors are tested by the SDCU (smoke detection control unit)
in sequence.
S SMOKE lights illuminate red on the overhead panel associated with ECAM
warnings and continuous repetive chime.
S the isolation valves of the ventilation system close and reopen.
S DISCH lights illuminate amber.
S SQUIB lights illuminate white provided both filaments are electrically sup-
plied.
DISCH BTL1,2 Lights (amber)
S Illuminate when associated bottle is depressurized.
S illuminate during smoke detection test
AVNCS SMOKE Light

SMOKE light:
S illuminates red associated with an ECAM warning when smoke is detected
in the avionics ventilation duct.
EXTRACT FAULT Light

Illuminate amber when smoke is detected in the avionics ventilation duct.

GENERAL
26-00
2 4
5 6
Figure 7 Cargo and Avionics Compartment Smoke (Overhead Panel)

FIRE PROTECTION A330–200 / 300 A340-200 /-300
GENERAL
26-00
FLIGHT PHASE INHIBITS

FRA US/T nf/to nov 99 Page 16

GENERAL
26-00

Figure 8 Flt Phase Inhibits Cargo / Lavatory Smoke

GENERAL
26-00
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK


GENERAL
26-00

A340
Figure 9 Flt Phase Inhibits Engine Fire / Avionics Smoke

GENERAL
26-00
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM TESTS (VIA MCDU)

Description
Following tests can be performed only on the ground from the MCDU or from
the overhead panel:
S Engine fire detection and extinguishing circuits
S APU fire detection and extinguishing circuits
S Cargo compartment detection and extinguishing circuits
S Lavatory smoke detection
S Avionics compartment smoke detection.
The smoke detection systems are monitored by the SDCU (smoke detec-
tion control unit ).
Test from the MCDU only:
S APU auto fire extinguishing circuit
The system is monitored by the Automatic Fire Extinguishing Control Unit
(AFECU).
Note:
This test should only be done with APU shutdown.

GENERAL
26-00

Figure 10 Fire Protection System Tests (via MCDU)

GENERAL
26-00
FIRE/ OVERHEAT DETECTOR

Fire Detectors
S Pylon Fire Detectors
S Fan Fire Detectors
S Core Fire Detectors (2x)
Component Description
The detector is pneumatically operated by heating its sensing element which
contains helium gas and hydrogen charged core material.
Alarm State
The application of an overall average temperature expands inert gas (helium)
which in turn closes the alarm switch. The detector sends a fire signal.
The application of heat to the sensor releases active gas from hydrogen
charged core which in turn closes the alarm switch. The detector sends a fire
signal.
Fault State
In the event of gas pressure loss (pipe fracture or cut off due to a torching
flame), the integrity switch opens and generates a fault signal.
Safety Precautions
CAUTION:
- The detector responder is hermetically sealed, and as such, is not field
repairable.
- Any attempt to disassemble a detector responder will cause serious
damage to the unit and render it inoperative.

GENERAL
26-00

Figure 11 Engine Fire Detection System and Components

GENERAL
26-00
SMOKE DETECTOR DESCRIPTION

The smoke detector consists of two chambers :
S the reference chamber
S the measurement chamber.
The reference chamber makes allowances for the differential pressure and
temperature differences. This makes sure that the detector operates on the
ground and in flight with the same level of sensitivity.
IONIZATION PRINCIPLE
The smoke detector ionizes the air particles that pass between the electrodes
by radioactive material. As smoke causes the electrical resistance of the circuit
to increase, the voltage in the measurement chamber increases to a higher
level. The reference chamber and, at a set difference level, - the detector -
sends a signal to the Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU).
Test
During test the electronic circuit is grounded. The detector gives a warning
signal to the SDCU (smoke detection control unit)

GENERAL
26-00

Figure 12 Smoke Detectors

FIRE PROTECTION A 330-200 / 300
ENGINE DETECTION PW 4000
26-12
26 -12 ENGINE FIRE DETECTION (PW 4000)

GENERAL
The engine fire warning system consists of : ENG/FIRE Pushbutton Switch
1. three fire detectors. The ENG/FIRE pushbutton switch can be pushed only if the safety guard is
They are installed in follwing areas: open.Each pushbutton switch has three main functions:
- Pylon - indicate the FIRE warning received from the Fire Detection Unit (FDU),
- activate the microswitches involved in the extinguishing procedure, and
- L/H Core
- arm the discharge function for bottles 1 and 2.
- R/H Core
Fire Detector
Each sensing element consists of two gasfilled sensing elements (A and Each fire and overheat detector is made up of a sensing element and re-
B) , that are mounted on a support tube. sponder assembly.
2. one Fire Detection Unit (FDU), which is connected to the fire detection Responder assembly
loops. The responder assembly consists of a stainless steel body. It contains a cham-
3. one module in the cockpit on the overhead panel, It comprises components ber connected to two pressure switches:
for control, indication and test. an ALARM switch and
The system is connected to ECAM and CMC. a MONITOR switch.
The free end of the responder is connected to the aircraft electrical harness.
The loops are connected in parallel to a Fire Detection Unit (FDU). The con-
The fire detector has two sensing functions. It responds:
nection is made through an AND logic to avoid spurious FIRE warnings. In
- to an overall average temperature threshold or
case of failure of one loop, the AND logic becomes an OR logic. The aircraft
- to a highly localized discrete temperature caused by impinging flame or hot
can be released in this configuration. The fire detection loops are monitored by
gas.
the FDU. The monitoring device indicates the loss of a fire detection loop to the
crew members (FlightWarning System). Resistance Value Chart
Compartment Fire Detector Resistance
The fire detection system can be tested using the TEST pushbutton switch on PYLON 4.50 Kohms
the ENG/FIRE control panel. CORE L 4.50 Kohms
- an ENG/FIRE control panel on the overhead panel including: CORE R 4.50 Kohms
. four ENG/FIRE pushbutton switches (one per engine) The equivalent resistance of each fire detection loop is 1.5 Kohms.This equiva-
. a TEST pushbutton switch lent resistance varies when a change of state occurs in the monitored areas of
- two fire detection loops installed in parallel in the fire zones and connected to the engine.
a Fire Detection Unit (FDU). Each fire detection loop comprises three detectors
connected in parallel.
- one FDU per engine, which processes signals from the detectors
FRA US/T to oct 97 Page 26

26-12

Figure 13 Engine Fire Detection System

26-12
FDU Fire Detection Power Supply
The engine fire and overheat detection system gets the electrical power from
the DC system of the aircraft. It is supplied with 28VDC from the DC ESS BUS
and the DC BUS 2.

26-12

5WD-FIRE/TEST
P/BSW
255VU
Figure 14 FDU Electrical Power Supply

ENGINE DETECTION PW4000
26-12
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The fire detection system is of the electro-pneumatic type. On each engine
there are two continuous loops for the fire detection. The loops are connected
in parallel to a Fire Detection Unit (FDU). The connection is made through an
AND logic to avoid spurious FIRE warnings. In case of failure of one loop, the
AND logic becomes an OR logic. The aircraft can be released in this configura-
tion.
The fire detection loops are monitored by the FDU. The monitoring device indi-
cates the loss of a fire detection loop to the crew members (Flight Warning
System).
For one engine, each loop:
comprises three fire detectors connected in parallel. The detectors are installed
in the nacelle and pylon fire zones.
is connected to a separate channel of the FDU
is connected through the related channel, to four of the eight lamps in a red
warning light common to the two loops. This warning light is integral with the
ENG/FIRE pushbutton switch located on the ENG/FIRE control panel (over-
head panel).
The fire detection system can be tested using the TEST pushbutton switch on
the ENG/FIRE control panel.
NOTE: IF THE TWO FAULTS (LOOP A AND LOOP B FAULTS) OCCUR IN
LESS THAN 5 SECONDS, A FIRE WARNING SIGNAL IS GENER-
ATED
Indications
S Continuous Repetitive Chime (CRC)
S MASTER WARNING Lights ( 2x )
S Fire Warning Message (ECAM EW/D)

S ENG Page (ECAM SD)
S ENG 1 (2,3,4) Fire Light (Engine Fire PB)
S FIRE Light (Eng Master Control Panel/Center Pedestal)

26-12

Figure 15 Fire Warning Principle Schematic (PW 4000 INSTALLATION)

ENGINE DETECTION
26-12
ENGINE FIRE DETECTION LOOP FAULT WARNINGS

FAULT Circuit FAULT Warnings
INTEGRITY Fault FAULT warnings are generated via discrete signals. There is an INOP signal
Any failure of the detector (responder/sensing element) causes an increase of if any of the following conditions occurs:
the equivalent resistance of the three other detectors. A detector can be unser- For the loop A (B) fault:
viceable because of: S an electrical failure (loss of power, connector not connected),
S the opening of a MONITOR switch installed in series with an integral resis- S a failure in a detector,
tance,
S a failure in a detection circuit,
S or the loss of the electrical signal. The loop voltage decreases and falls un-
S the detection by a single fire detection loop for a time of more than 20 sec
der the threshold of the INTEGRITY comparator:
while the other loop is in normal condition.The FAULT message thus gener-
this generates a LOOP A(B) INOP signal.
ated is transmitted to the cockpit on the EWD:
This failure description is also applicable in case of accidental grounding of the
- ENG 1 (2) LOOP A (B) FAULT
responder.
In addition, the failure message in plain language is transmitted continuously
CONTAMINATION Fault
via the ARINC 429 bus to the CMC 1(2).
If the responder or the connectors of FDU are contaminated:
Loss of the fire detection system (loop A and B):
S the equivalent resistance decreases When loop A (B) fault is present and if a loop B (A) fault occurs after more than
S the loop voltage is higher or lower than the threshold 5 seconds, the FAULT warning signals thus generated are transmitted to the
S the CONTAMINATION comparator supplies the logic gates and generates a cockpit, at the following locations:
FAULT signal. - MASTER CAUT light,
- EWD: ENG 1 (2) DET FAULT.
Controller circuit - the Single Chime (SC) sounds.
The controller circuit operating software: In addition the failure message in plain language is transmitted continuously via
the ARINC 429 bus to the CMC 1(2).
S monitors the two detection loops,
S isolates the failed detector and loop circuit and memorizes the failures in a NOTE: IF THE TWO FAULTS (LOOP A AND LOOP B FAULTS) OCCUR IN
non-volatile memory, LESS THAN 5 SECONDS, A FIRE WARNING SIGNAL IS GENER-
ATED
S does a check of the fire test circuity when it is activated,
S does the self-test at the first power-up of the FDU,

S does the built-in test and transmits the test results on the ARINC 429 bus,
S transmits the failure signals to the CMC 1(2) via the ARINC 429 bus
S continuously transmits current and/or previous system status on the ARINC
429 bus,
S provides a serial bus interface and does command and data transmissions.
FRA US/T ToR March 02 Page 32

ENGINE DETECTION
26-12
T > 5sec
..
T > 5sec
Figure 16 Engine Loop Fault Circuit

FRA US/T ToR March 02 Page 33
26-12
COMPONENT LOCATIONS (PW4000 INSTALLATION)

GENERAL
On each engine there are two continuous loops for the fire detection system.
Each fire detection loop comprises three fire detectors connected in parallel.
Thea are installed by pair ( loop A / loop B ) in the core compartment:
S under the pylon box
S on the left thrust reverser cowl door
S on the right thrust reverser cowl door
Installation
In each zone (pylon, fan, FWD and AFT core), the detectors are installed by
pair on pre-formed, stainless steel support on the engine. This design inte-
grates the two loops A and B with space and weight saving.The sensor tubes
are installed with quick-release clamps. The clamps have teflon bushings and
are designed for continuous high temperature operation.
PYLON FIRE DETECTORS

The Pylon detection loops are located under the engine pylon in 12:00 position.
The two loops are attached on a tube by clips. The attaching tube forms the
fire detection area on the upper engine area. Both sensing elements are con-
nected to a ceramic responder, until the signal goes further in the Fire Detec-
tion Unit ( FDU ) which are located in the avionic compartment.
L/H AND R/H CORE FIRE DETECTORS

The core fire detectors are attached inside on the thrust reverser cowl
doors.The two loops are mounted on a tube by clips. The attaching tube has an
L-shape form.
Both sensing elements are connected to a ceramic responder, located near by
the forward torque box, until the signal goes further in the FDU.
FRA US/T-2 ToR March 02 Page 34

26-12
SENSING ELEMENT ATTACHMENTS
SENSING ELEMENT ATTACHMENT
RESPONDER
SENSING ELEMENT
LEFT T/R COWL DOOR
PYLON FIRE DETECTOR CORE FIRE DETECTOR
Figure 17 Core / Pylon Fire Detector Element (PW4000 INSTALLATION)

FRA US/T-2 ToR March 02 Page 35
ENGINE DETECTION
26-12
OPERATIONAL TEST
The operational test enables the pilot to monitor and activate the fire protection
system. This test is part of the daily check-list and is available each time it is
needed. From the ENG/FIRE control panel 255VU, the TEST pushbutton
switch checks simultaneously for all engines the condition of the:
S fire detectors (Loops A and B), Fire Detection Unit (FDU), indications, warn-
ings and associated wirings (loop test)
S percussion cartridge filaments of the fire extinguisher bottles and associated
wiring (squib test).
When you press the TEST pushbutton switch, the FIRE warning indications are
triggered, the fire detection system is operational:
S the SQUIB legend on the AGENT 1(2) pushbutton switches comes on (only
if the two filaments are normally power supplied)
S the DISCH amber legends come on.
If the failure is detected during the test sequence, a fault message comes into
view in the EWD (For example ENG 1 LOOP A(B) INOP).
NOTE : The TEST pushbutton switch must be held while you do the test.

ENGINE DETECTION
26-12
FIRE
DETECTORS
A340 only
FIRE
DETECTORS
Figure 18 Engine Fire Test Schematic

ENGINE DETECTION
26-12
BUILT-IN TEST EQUIPMENT (BITE)

Description
The function of the BITE is to:
S monitor the condition of the FDU and the related inputs,
S analyze and confirm the faults and,
S store them in the Non-Volatile Memory (NVM).
The FDU is a type 2 system. The FDU BITE functions are as follows:
S acquisition of discrete input signals,
S link with the CMS,
S memorization of failure in a NVM,
S tests.
The BITE of the FDU is performed at power up or when the maintenance test
discrete signal is sent from the MCDU via the CMC. In the two cases, the BITE
is performed if and only if the aircraft is on the ground.
Upon selection by the operator from the MCDU, the active CMC displays the
”FIRE PROT: ENGINES” menu and presents data on the MCDU.
For the system, the basic functions are:
S LAST LEG/GND REPORT
S CLASS 3 FAULTS
S TEST.
S LRU IDENTIFICATION.
BITE Test duration:
S at power up: 75 s
S at the maintenance test: 90 s.
During a system test, all the detectors are isolated from the FDU. The detector
conditions are simulated by the BITE to test any failure in the FDU and its con-
nections. The BITE can tell if the failure is in the detector or the circuitry.

ENGINE DETECTION
26-12

Figure 19 BITE Test from MCDU without Failure

ENGINE DETECTION
26-12
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK


ENGINE DETECTION
26-12

Figure 20 BITE Test MCDU with Failure Example


A330 Ata 26 PW 4000 Engine

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FEAM TECHNICAL TRAINING LLC

For training purposes and internal use only.

ATA 26 FIRE PROTECTION

Engine Fire and Overheat 26-12 Engine Fire 26-21

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 1

air systems are possible fire or overheat sources. S Auxiliary Areas

FRA US/T-2 NfD/ToR March 02 Page 2

Figure 1 Fire and Smoke Detection

1 Engine Fire 6 Auxiliary Areas Fire Extinguisher (ATA 26-28)

3 Lower Deck Cargo Compartment Fire

FRA US/T-2 NfD/ToR March 02 Page 4

Figure 2 Fire Extinguishing

FIRE PROTECTION PANELS

- the Additional Attendent Panel (AAP).

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 6

Figure 3 Panel Location

ENGINE FIRE (OVERHEAD PANEL)

- All fire lights illuminate red.

ENG 1(2,3,4) FIRE pushbutton switch

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 8

Figure 4 Engine Fire Overhead Panel

APU FIRE OVERHEAD PANEL

NOTE: THERE IS NO AUTOMATIC SHUTDOWN ON GROUND DURING

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 10

Figure 5 APU Fire Panel

APU FIRE EXTERNAL CONTROL

 APU SHUT OFF Pushbutton

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 12

Figure 6 APU Fire Indicating from the Ground

AVIONICS / CARGO COMPT SMOKE (OVERHEAD PANEL)

S illuminate during smoke detection test

 AVNCS SMOKE Light

 EXTRACT FAULT Light

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 14

Figure 7 Cargo and Avionics Compartment Smoke (Overhead Panel)

FLIGHT PHASE INHIBITS

FRA US/T nf/to nov 99 Page 16

Figure 8 Flt Phase Inhibits Cargo / Lavatory Smoke

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

FRA US/T nf/to nov 99 Page 18

Figure 9 Flt Phase Inhibits Engine Fire / Avionics Smoke

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM TESTS (VIA MCDU)

FRA US/E nf/to feb 00 Page 20

Figure 10 Fire Protection System Tests (via MCDU)

FIRE/ OVERHEAT DETECTOR

FRA US/T nf/to nov 99 Page 22

Figure 11 Engine Fire Detection System and Components

SMOKE DETECTOR DESCRIPTION

FRA US/T nf/to nov 99 Page 24

Figure 12 Smoke Detectors

26 -12 ENGINE FIRE DETECTION (PW 4000)

FRA US/T to oct 97 Page 26

Figure 13 Engine Fire Detection System

FRA US/T to oct 97 Page 28

Figure 14 FDU Electrical Power Supply

S Fire Warning Message (ECAM EW/D)

FRA US/T-2 NfD/ToR March 02 Page 30

Figure 15 Fire Warning Principle Schematic (PW 4000 INSTALLATION)

ENGINE FIRE DETECTION LOOP FAULT WARNINGS

S does the self-test at the first power-up of the FDU,

FRA US/T ToR March 02 Page 32

Figure 16 Engine Loop Fault Circuit

COMPONENT LOCATIONS (PW4000 INSTALLATION)

APU SHUT OFF Pushbutton

AVNCS SMOKE Light

EXTRACT FAULT Light