NORTHWESTERN VISAYAN COLLEGES

RESERVE OFFICER TRAINING CORPS

SUBJECT: MILITARY LEADERSHIP

A.CONCEPT:
The concept of leadership in the army is based on accomplishment of the mission while preserving the
dignity of the soldier

B. LEADERSHIP, COMMAND AND MANAGEMENT:

• LEADERSHIP - is the art of inducing others to cooperate toward achieving a common goal.
• COMMAND - is the authority person in the military services exercises over subordinate by virtue of his
rank and assignment or position.
• MANAGEMENT - is the process of planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, and controlling resources
such as men, material, time, and money to accomplish the organizational mission.

C. BASIC ELEMENTS OF LEADERSHIP:

1. Character
2. Intelligence
3. Alertness

D. LEADERSHIP TRAITS:

Leadership Traits - are human characteristic which enable an individual to lead men. In all levels of
organization, unit leader posses personal qualities that place them above their men.

1. Bearing - It is the dignified appearance and behavior.

2. Courage - It is the mental quality that recognizes fear of danger or criticism but enable a man to
proceed in the face of it with calmness and firmness.
3. Decisiveness - The leader should be able to make decisions promptly and to state them in a clear and
forceful manner.
4. Dependability - The proper performance of duty with or without supervision.
5. Endurance - It is the mental and physical strength to continue or complete the task.
6. Enthusiasm - It is the display of interest and zeal in the performance of duties.
7. Humility - The quality of being humble, without pride and voluntary self-abasement.
8. Initiative - The ability to start or originate an idea or work in the absence of orders.
9. Integrity - The uprightness and soundness of moral principles, truthfulness, and honesty.
10. Judgment – It is the ability to logically weigh facts and possible solution on which base sound decision.
11. Justice - The impartiality in giving credits, punishment, and in dealing with others.
12. Knowledge - The leader should develop a program of learning to keep himself abreast of current
developments in his military specialty, command policies, and of local and world communities.
13. Loyalty - It is the quality of faithfulness to the country, army, seniors, subordinates and fears.
14. Sympathy - The sharing in the emotions of others specially the sharing of grief, pain, ills, and
difficulties.
15. Tact - It is the ability to deal with others in a respectful manner without hurting their feelings.
16. Unselfishness - The unselfish leader is one who avoids providing for his own comfort and personal
advancement at the expense of others.

E. THE ELEVEN PRINCIPLES OF LEADERSHIP:

1. Know your job.

2. Know yourself and seek self-improvement

3. Seek responsibility and take responsibility for your action

4. Make sound and timely decisions.

5. Set the example

6. Know your men and look-out for their welfare

7. Keep your men informed

8. Develop a sense of responsibility in your subordinates

9. Ensure that task is understood supervised and accomplished

10. Train your men as a team

11. Employ your unit in accordance with its capabilities

G. INDICATORS OF LEADERSHIP:

1. Morale - It is the mental and emotional state of an individual

2. Esprit de Crops - In essence, it is the common spirit reflected by all members of a unit and provides
group solidarity.
3. Discipline - It is the individual or group attitude that ensures prompt obedience to orders and initiation
of appropriate in the absence of orders.
4. Proficiency - It is the sum total of the skills of all men in the unit welded together by the leader into a
smooth functioning team.

H. ROLES OF A LEADER

1. As a Model Soldier - A leader should set himself as a model in his organization. In personal appearance,
personal conduct, speech, and actions he should establish a standard which his men will proud to follow
2. As an Instructor - The principal mission of leader during times of peace is the training of his men
3. As a Personnel Manager - As a leader, he is charged with planning, planning organizing, directing and
supervising of all personnel in his unit in such manner as to insure the maximum utilization of manpower
4. As a Commander and Supervisor - As a commander, his primary functions are receiving orders, making
an estimate of the situations, formulating plans, issuing orders ton his subordinates, and supervising the
execution of his orders.
5. As Custodian of his Men’s Welfare - The leader must also be concerned with his men’s needs that are
essential to their comfort and well-being such as adequate mess and supplies, good quarters, recreation facilities,
sanitation and equitable pass
6. As a Counselor - The soldiers most often meet personal or official problems which if left unsolved
would cause the men’s efficiency to deteriorate. An important duty of a leader is to improve the moral and
spiritual trait of his men. To accomplish this, he must be a wise adviser to them.

I. RESPONSIBILITIES OF A LEADER:

Responsibility - refers tom the obligation to perform duties and functions and to bear the consequences
of activities under one’s command.

The responsibilities of a leader are two-fold:

1. The accomplishment of the mission

2. The obligation to his men