Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAVITE PROVINCE
DISTRICT OF TANZA
TANZA NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL
______________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ___________

Grade and Section: ______________________ Score:___________

ILLUSTRATING VARIATIONS

POINTS TO REMEMBER
 Direct variation – when two quantities increase at the same time or decrease at the same time. The
statements, “y varies directly as x”, “y is directly proportional to x” and “y is proportional to x”, may be
translated mathematically as y=kx, where k is the constant of variation.
 Inverse variation – when one variable increases, the other variable decreases at a constant rate. The
k
statement, “y varies inversely to x”, translates to y= , where k is the constant of variation.
x
 Joint variation – when situations involves 3 or more variables, as one variable increases, the other two
variables also increases at a constant rate. The statement “a varies jointly as b and c” means a=kbc, where k
is the constant of variation.
 Combined variation – involves both the direct and inverse variations. The statement “z varies directly as x
kx
and inversely as y” means z= , where k is the constant of variation.
y
Examples:
 Direct variation: The distance (D) travelled by a car varies directly as its speed (S).
 Inverse variation: The number of pizza slices (s) decreases as the number of persons (p) sharing a
whole pizza increases.
 Joint variation: The area of a parallelogram (A) varies jointly as the base (b) and altitude (h).
 Combined variation: The electrical resistance (R) of a wire varies directly as its length (l) and

Remedial Activity 2.1

Tell whether the given situations illustrates direct, inverse, joint or combined variation. Write DV if
it is Direct Variation, IV if Inverse Variation, JV if Joint Variation and CV if Combined Variation.
_____ 1. The weight of an object is directly proportional to its mass.
_____ 2. As the area of the wall to be painted increases, the amount of paint used to cover it
increases.
_____ 3. As the number of persons typing manuscript increases, the time spent in typing decreases.
_____ 4. The pressure of a gas varies directly as its temperature and inversely as its volume.
_____ 5. The force applied to an object varies jointly as the mass and the acceleration.
_____ 6. The time a teacher spends checking papers to the number of students.
_____ 7. P varies directs as the square of x and inversely as s.
_____ 8. The cost of life insurance to the age of the insured person.
_____ 9. The number of hours to finish a job to the number of men working.
_____ 10. The distance an airplane flies to the time travelling.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAVITE PROVINCE
DISTRICT OF TANZA
TANZA NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL
______________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ___________

Grade and Section: ______________________ Score:___________

TRANSLATING AND SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING VARIATIONS

POINTS TO REMEMBER
 Direct variation –The statements, “y varies directly as x”, “y is directly proportional to x” and “y is
proportional to x”, may be translated mathematically as y=kx, where k is the constant of variation.
k
 Inverse variation – The statement, “y varies inversely to x”, translates to y= , where k is the constant of
x
variation.
 Joint variation –The statement “a varies jointly as b and c” means a=kbc, where k is the constant of
variation.
kx
 Combined variation – The statement “z varies directly as x and inversely as y” means z= , where k is
y
the constant of variation.
Examples:
Translate the following statements into a If y varies directly as x and y=24 when x=6,
mathematical sentence. Use k as the find the variation constant and the equation
constant of variation. of variation.
1. The distance (D) travelled by a car varies Solution:
directly as its speed (S). D=kS y=kx
2. The number of pizza slices (s) decreases as 24=k ( 6 )
the number of persons (p) sharing a whole 24 6 k
k =
pizza increases. s= 6 6
p 4=k
3. The area of a parallelogram (A) varies y=4 x
jointly as the base (b) and altitude (h).
A=kbh
4. The electrical resistance (R) of a wire varies
directly as its length (l) and inversely as the
kl
square of its diameter (d). R=
d
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAVITE PROVINCE
DISTRICT OF TANZA
TANZA NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL
______________________________________________________________________________________________

Remedial Activity 2.2

A. Translate the following statements into a mathematical sentence. Use k as the constant of
variation.
1. The fare (F) of a passenger varies directly as the distance (d) of his destination.
2. The volume (V) of an object is directly proportional to its mass (m).
3. The length (l) of a rectangular field varies inversely as its width (w).
4. The volume (V) of a cylinder varies jointly as its height (h) and the square of the radius (r).
5. W varies jointly as c and the square of a and inversely as b.

B. Solve the given problem involving variations. Use k as the constant of variation.
1. z varies jointly as x and y; z =60 when x = 5 and y=6.

a. find the variation constant

b. equation of variation
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAVITE PROVINCE
DISTRICT OF TANZA
TANZA NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL
______________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ___________

Grade and Section: ______________________ Score:___________

INTEGRAL AND ZERO EXPONENTS

POINTS TO REMEMBER
LAWS OF EXPONENTS

Remedial Activity 2.3

Simplify the following expressions using the laws of exponents. Write your answer on the space
provided.
GIVEN ANSWER GIVEN ANSWER
1. 5
a ⋅a
6
6. 2
3 a ⋅2 a
7

10 5
m 9m
2. m4
7. 3 m3
3. ( x5)
3
8. (2 x4)
2

4. 3y
0
9. 0
y +4

( ) ( )
2 2 3 2
n 2w
5. m3
10. r3
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV – A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAVITE PROVINCE
DISTRICT OF TANZA
TANZA NATIONAL TRADE SCHOOL
______________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ___________

Grade and Section: ______________________ Score:___________

RATIONAL EXPONENTS AND RADICAL EXPRESSIONS

POINTS TO REMEMBER
Rational exponents are another way of writing expressions with radicals. When we use rational
exponents, we can apply the Laws of exponents to simplify expressions.

Radical Expressions
An exponential number whose exponent is a rational number can be expressed as radicals. The
denominator of the rational exponent becomes the index of the radical number.

Converting exponential form to radical form Converting radical form to exponential form
2 3
3 = √3 √4 m3=m 4
5 5 2

Remedial Activity 2.4

A. Write each of the following expressions B. Write each of the following expressions
in radical form. in exponential form.
1. 16 3
2
1. √4 33
3 2. √5 m2
2. p 5
5
3. √3 ( 2 x )2
3. ( 3 x ) 6 4. √3 6
4. 2 2
1 5. 4 √3 b
1
5. 3 m 5