Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region XIII-CARAGA REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SURIGAO DEL SUR
Lanuza District
Grade Level: 9 Discipline: ALGEBRA
Subject Area: MATHEMATICS 9 Topic: DIRECT VARIATION
Quarter : SECOND Week: 1 - December 6-11, 2021

Learning Activity Sheets

(IPO Format)

MOST ESSENTIAL LAERNING COMPETENCY (MELC no.1)

 Illustrates situations that involve the following variations: (a) direct; (b) inverse; (c)
joint; (d) combined. (M9AL-IIa-1)

Objectives:
K- Illustrate situations that involve direct variation
S- Translate into variation statement a relationship involving direct variation between
two quantities given by a table of values, a mathematical equation, a graph, and vice
versa; and
A- Value the importance of direct variation in solving real life problems.

INPUT: (Refer to Worksheet)

PROCESS: (Refer to Worksheet)
OUTPUT: (Refer to Worksheet)

Prepared by: Checked & Reviewed by:

WILMAR N. ESPINOSA ANTONIO A. HINAYON
Subject Teacher Validator
 LEARNER’S WORKSHEET NO. 1

INPUT: Background of the Study

Direct Variation occurs when one quantity is equal to a constant times the other quantity. This can
y
be expressed into mathematical statement or equation as y=kx, where k = is the constant of variation or
x
constant of proportionality. These statements can be:

“ y varies directly as x”
“ y is directly proportional to x” and
“ y is proportional to x”.
These statements mean that for two quantities, x and y, an increase in x causes an increase in y as
well. Similarly, a decrease in x causes a decrease in y.
Let us study the following statements translated into equations where k represents the constant of
variation or constant of proportionality.
Examples:
1. “a is directly proportional to b”
a
is translated as a = kb where k =
b
2. “The circumference (c) of a circle varies directly as the length of its
diameter (d).”
c
is translated as c = kd where k =
d
3. “The cost (c) of fish varies directly as the number (n) of kilos bought.”
c
is translated as c = kn where k =
n
Let us use direct variation in solving word problems. Study the following examples below.
Examples:
1. If y varies directly as x and y = 48 when x = 16, find the constant of variation and the equation.
Solution:
a. To find the constant of variation:

Translate statement “y
y = kx varies directly as x” into
equation
 Substitute the given
48= k(16) values of x and y to the
equation

To solve for the constant

of variation (k), apply the
Multiplication Property of
Equality (MPE). Multiply
(❑ ❑
❑ ) 48= k(16)( ❑ )
( 161 )both sides, the
reciprocal of the
numerical coefficient of k.
❑
❑
The constant of variation
3=k k is equal to 3
or
k=3

b. To find the equation:

Translate statement “y
y = kx varies directly as x” into
equation
The value of k from
k=3
solution (a)
Substitute 3 to k in the
y = (3)x
equation
The equation of the
y = 3x
variation

2. The table below shows a relation between the distance in km(d) and the time in hour (t ). Find
the constant of variation and the equation which describes the relation.

Time in hour 1 2 3 4 5
(t)
Distance in 80 160 240 320 400
km (d)
Solution:

a. To find the constant of variation:

Form the data

d 80 160 240 320 400 d
= = = = = =80 in the table, is
t 1 2 3 4 5 t
constant.
k =80 By definition, k
is the constant
 of variation.

b. To find the equation:

d Since the ratio of d and t

=k d
t or is constant,
t
d
=80 Since k =80, substitute 80
t to k.
Apply the Multiplication
d Property of Equality
( t ) =80( t )
t (MPE). Multiply t both
sides.
The equation of the
d = 80t
variation

3. The graph shows the number of bottles n produced by a machine and the time t in hours the machine is
working. Find the constant of variation and the equation which describes the relation.

9000

7200
number of bottles (n)

5400

3600

1800

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
time in hours (t)

Solution:

a. To find the constant of variation

As shown in the graph, the

n 1800 3600
= = =900 n
t 2 4 ratio of n and t or is
t
constant.
By definition, k is the
k = 900
constant of variation.

b. To find the equation:

 d d
=k The ratio of d and t or
t t
is constant,
d
=900 Since k =900, substitute
t 900 to k.
Apply the Multiplication
d Property of Equality
( t ) =900( t )
t (MPE). Multiply t both
sides.
The equation of the
d = 900t
variation

4. If p varies directly as q and p = 25 when q = 5, what is the value of q when p = 80?

Solution 1

Translate statement “p
p= kq varies directly as q” into
equation
25 = k(5) Substitute the given
values of p and q to solve
for k in the equation
To solve for the constant
of variation (k), apply the
Multiplication Property of
Equality (MPE). Multiply
1 1
( ) 25 = k(5) ( ¿ 1
5 5 both sides of the
5
equation the reciprocal of
the numerical coefficient
of k.
25
=k
5 The constant of variation
5=k k is equal to 5
or
k=5
Write the variation
p = 5q
equation p= kq when k=5

Substitute the given value

80 = 5q of p = 80 to solve for q

1 1 To solve for q, apply the

( ) 80 = 5(q) ( ¿ Multiplication Property of
5 5 Equality (MPE)
80 The value of q when p =
=q 80
5
16 = q
or
 q = 16

Solution 2

p p
Since is a constant, then we can write k = . From here, we can establish a
q q
p 1 p2
proportion such that = where p1 = 25, q1 = 5 and p2 = 80.
q1 q2

Substituting the values, we get

25 80
= Divide
5 q2

80
5= Multiply both sides of the equation by q 2
q2

5q2 = 80 Apply Multiplication Property of Equality or (MPE),

1
multiply to both sides of the equation
5

q2 = 16

Therefore, q = 16 when p =80.

5. The amount of paint p needed to paint the walls of the room varies directly as the area A of
the wall. How many gallons of paint is needed to paint a wall with an area of 120 sq meters if 2
gallons of paint can cover a 48 sq meter wall?

Solution 1

Translate statement “p
p = kA varies directly as A” into
equation
Substitute the given
values of p and A to solve
2 = k(48)
for k in the equation

To solve for the constant

1 1 of variation (k), apply the
( ) 2 = k(48) ( ¿
48 48 Multiplication Property of
Equality (MPE)
 2
=k
48
1 The constant of variation
=k 1
24 k is equal to
or 24
1
k=
24
Write the variation
1 equation p= kA with the
p= A
24 value of k substituted

1
p= (120) Substitute A=120 to solve
24 for p
p=5

Therefore, it needs 5 gallons to paint a 120 sq meter wall.

Solution 2

p p
Since is a constant, then we can write k = . From here, we can establish a proportion
A A
p 1 p2
such that = where p1 = 2, A1 = 48 and A2 = 120.
A1 A2

Substituting the values, we get

2 p
= 2 Divide or rewrite the equation in lowest term
48 120

1 p2
= Multiply both sides by 120 to solve for p2
24 120

120
p2 = Divide
24

p2 = 5 The value of p2

Therefore, p2 = 5 gallons when A =120 sq meter.

Process:

A. Write an equation to the following statements:

1. The cost C of meat varies directly as its weight w in kilograms.

2. The amount paid A for the purchase of the shirts varies directly with the number n of shirts bought.
 3. An employee’s earned income I varies directly as the number of days d he has worked.
4. The perimeter P of a square is directly proportional to its side s.
5. The volume V of a cylinder varies directly as the height h of the cylinder.
B. Determine if the tables and graphs below express a direct variation between the variables. If they do,
find the constant of variation and an equation that defines the relation.

1.
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 2 4 6 8 10

2. x 24 12 8 6
y 1 2 3 4

3. x 10 15 20 25
y 100 150 200 250

4.

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

5.

25

20

15

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

C. In each of the following, y varies directly as x. Find the values as indicated.

1. If y = 8 when x = 24, find y when x = 6

 2. If y = - 18 when x = 9, find y when x = 11

D. Solve the following problems:

1. In a 100 kilometer trip, Jojo uses 12 liters of gasoline, how many liters of gasoline will he use on a trip of
350 kilometers?

1
2. Mutya sold 2 baskets of avocado at Php30.00 per kg. If a basket contains 5 kg, how much did Mutya
2
earn?

Output: Dig Deeper!

Performance Task: Collect your electric bill for the last three (3) months and take a picture of that electric
bill and post it to edmodo.com. Record the kilowatt hour (KWHR) consumption against the Amount Due on
the table below:

Month

Kilowatt Hour
Consumption
Amount Due

Answer the following:

1. What have you observed with the amount due and the kilowatt hour consumption values?

2. What type of variation is being described by the situation?

3. Gather ideas from the family members. List down some ways to minimize electric consumption?
How can these measures help the family?

Rubrics for Grading:

10 7 5
Data All data was All data was Data was
Quality complete and complete and not incomplete. Some
accurately labeled accurately labeled data was not
using appropriate using appropriate labeled using
units of measure. units of measure. appropriate units
of measure.
 Data Identified and Identified valid Only identified
Analysis described trends trends and made obvious trends not
and made appropriate fully supported by
appropriate conclusions based the data.
conclusions based on the data.
on the data.
Ideas Had more than ten Had more than ten Had less than ten
ideas. Every idea ideas. Almost ideas. More than
related to the every idea was half of the ideas
topic. Links were related to the were related to the
drawn between topic. topic.
related ideas.

Multple Choice.
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.
1. Which of the following represents the statement, m varies directly as j.
k j
a. j = km b. m = c. k = d. m = kj
j m

2. If p varies directly as q and p = 18 when q = - 6, then k is __________.

1 1
a. -3 b. - c. d. 3
3 3

3. The amount (A) of money raised in a concert to the number (n) of tickets sold is an
example of what kind of variation?
a. direct b. inverse c. joint d. combined

4. In the variation equation M = 2t. What happens to M when t is doubled?

a. M is halved c. M is tripled
b. M is doubled d. M becomes zero

5. If a varies directly as b, and a = 18 when b = 4.5, find a when b = 8.

a. 3.2 b. 4 c. 32 d. 72
 Process: Let’s Do This

A 1. C = kw

If you have some questions or queries, you may contact

1.me Aat =myknFB account espinosa_wilmar@yahoo.com or
09385083167. Thank You! – Wilmar Espinosa Congratulations! You are
done!
2. I = kd

3. P = ks

4. V= kh
References: B. 1. Direct
variation
Oronce, O., & Mendoza, M. E-Math Worktext in Mathematics, Sampaloc Manila, Rex Book Store, Inc.
k=2
2015
; y = 2x
Melosantos, L., et al. Math Connections in the Digital Age, Quezon City. Sibs Publishing House, Inc. 2015
2. not direct
Soledad, variation
Jose-Dilao, Ed.D.,Bernabe , Julieta. Intermediate Algebra Textbook for Second Year, Quezon
City .JTW Corporation. 2002
3. direct
variation
Bryant, M., Bulalayao, L., Callanta, M., Cruz, J., De Vera, R., Garcia, G., Javier, S., Lazaro, R., Mesterio,
B.& Saladin, R.,Mathematics k =Learner’s
10 Material 9, Pasig City, DepEd-IMCS. 2014
; y = 10B.,
Orines, Fernando x Diaz, Zenaida E., Mojica, Maharlika B. Next Century Mathematics (Second Year
High School) Intermediate Algebra. Quezon ave., Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House.2003
4.direct
variation
POST TEST
3
Key to corrections: k=
2
3 1. D
; y= x 2. A
2 3. A
4. B
5.not direct 5. C
variation 6. B
7. A
C. 1. y =2 8. D
9. B
2. y = -22 10. C

D. 1. 42 liters
2. Php330.00