ST.

LOUISE DE MARILLAC COLLEGE OF SORSOGON

GUBAT CAMPUS
FORMERLY: ST. ANTHONY ACADEMY
COGON, GUBAT, SORSOGON

NAME: __________________________________________ GRADE & SECTION: ____________________

Time Frame: Week 5-6

Module
VARIATIONS
3

Learner’s Target
Illustrate situations that involve the following variations: (a) direct; (b) inverse; (c) joint and; (d) combined
Translate into variation statement a relationship between two quantities given by: (a) table of values; (b) a
mathematical equation; (c) graph, and vice versa
Solve problems involving variation
INTRODUCTION
Hi there!
The different concepts we learned in the study of fractions are used to understand the concepts of ratio,
proportion, and percent. After which, we apply these concepts to solve different forms of variations, namely direct,
inverse, joint, and combined variations. There are many applications of variations in real-life hence we do solve some
related problems.
Moreover, we simplify expressions involving exponents and radicals, make equation out of them, and then solve
related problems.

EXPLORE
In this activity you are about to familiarize the terms use in different types of variation
Direction:Read the questions and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

FIRM- UP
INFORMATION SHEET 1.0
Variations

A relationship between two variables in such a way that as one quantity increases or decreases the other quantity
also increases or decreases in a definite way is called a variation.
Study the table below.
Variation Statement Equation Proportion
Direct variation y varies directly as x y=kx x1 y 1
=
x2 y 2
Direct power variation y varies directly as the y=k x
2 2
( x 1) y 1
square of x =
( x 2) y 2
2

Inverse variation y varies inversely as x k x1 y 2

y= =
x x2 y 1
Joint variation y varies jointly as x and y=kxz x1 z 1 y 1
z =
x2 z 2 y 2

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 Combined variation y varies direclty as x kx x1 z 1 y 2
and inversely as z
y= =
z x2 z 2 y 1

 A direct variation is a variation in which the quotient if the two variables is a constant. It is sometimes called direct
linear variation or direct proportion.
The constant kis called the constant variation orcontant proportionality.
Examples:
1. If y varies direclty as x and y = 42 when x =7, find the constant of variation, then present a simple graph.
Solution: a. solve for k by substituting the given values.
y=kx
42=k ( 7 )
42
k=
7
k =6 therefore, the constant variation is 6.
a. To find the equation of the variation, simoly substitute 6 to k in the statement:
y=kx
y=6 x therefore, the equation of the variation is y =6x.
b. To present the graph, construct the table of values first.
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 6 12 18 24 30 36 42
Plot the ordered pairs and connect all the points.

 A variation where the one quantity varies direclty as the power of the other quantity and represented as
y=k nx , k ≠ 0 ,is called a direct power variation.
Example: if y varies directly as the square of x and y = 36 when x = 2, what is the constant of the variation and the
equation of the variation? Show the simmple graph.
Soultion: a.Since y varies direclty as the square of x, then we have:
y=kx 2 substitute the given value

36=k (22 )
36=4 k
36
k=
4

k =9 therefore, the constant variation is 9

b. To write the equation of variation, simply substitute 9 as the value of k.

2
y=k x
2 2
y=9 x therefore, the equation if the variation is y=9 x

c. Simple graph:

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 Construct the table of values.

x 1 2 3 4 5
y 9 36 81 144 225

 An inverse variation is a variation, which states that the product of the two quantities is constant. An inverse
variation can also be a proportion called inverse proportion.
Example:If y varies inversely as x and y = 25 when x= 6, find y when x = 15. Graph it.

Solution: a. Since y varies inversely as x, solve for k.

k
y=
x
k
25=
6
150=k
b. Solve for y. Substitute x.

150
y=
x
150
y=
15
y=10 the value of y is 10 when x = 15

c. Graph

Here is the table of values:

X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y 150 75 50 75 30 25 150 75 50
2 7 4 3

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 A joint variation is a variation where a quantity varies as the product of two or more other quantites.
Example

1. Find the equation of the variation where a varies jointly as b and c, and a = 32, b = 4, and c = 2.
Solution: Since a vaires jointly as b and c, then

a=kbc subsitute the values

32=k ( 4 )( 2 )

32
k=
8
k =4 the constant variation is equal to 4

Therefore, by substituting the value of k, the required equation is a=4 bc

2. If z is direclty proportional to the product of x and y and z = 60 when x = 5 and y = 4, find z when x = 3 and y = 7.
Solution: a. z is directly proportional to the product of x and y

z=kxy substitute the given values

60=k ( 5 ) ( 4 )
60
k=
20
k =3 the constant variation k is 3

b. Solve for the value of z.

z=kxy substitute k=3, x = 3, and y = 7.

z=3 ( 3 ) ( 7 )
z=63 the value of z is 63 when x =3 and y =7.

 Another kind of variation is a combined variation. A combined variation involves a combination of direct and
inverse variationsor joint and inverse variation.
Example: Find the equation of the combined variation when y varies directly as x and inversely as z. If y=4 and when x =
6 and z =3, find y when x = 20 and z =5.

Solution: a. solve for k and give the equation of the variation.

kx
y=
z
k (6 )
4=
2
12
k=
6
2x
k =2 the equation of the variation is y=
z
b. solve for y.

kx
y=
z
2 ( 20 )
y=
5

SLMCS GUBAT CAMPUS Mathematics 9 Learning Module Page 4

 y=2 ( 4 )
y=8 therefore, y equals 8 when x = 20 and z = 5.

Values Integration Question

Individual varies and the behavior and decision making also varies. In the modern days, we are able to reach out
different countries and learn their culture through internet communications. As a Louisean, how will you show
respect to the people with different culture?

DEEPEN
You have successfully acquired the knowledge on variations, Congratulations!
Directions:From the given information above, fill in the table below as indicated

Statement Mathematical sentence Variation applied

The area A of a parallelogram varies A=kbh 1.
jointly as its base b and altitude h.
The volume of the cylinder V varies V =kh r
2
2.
jointly as its height h and the aquare of the
radius r.
The steepness of S of the beam varies 3. Combined variation
jointly as the breadth b and depth d and
inversely as the square of its length l
The kinetic energy K varies jointly as the 4. Joint varaition
mass m and the velocity V of an oject in
motion.
The principal amount of money p varies ki 5.
inversely as the rate r and the time t and
p=
rt
direclty as the interest i.

TRANSFER
Direction: Read the questions and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Given x varies directly as y and x= 35 when y= 7. What is the equation?
a. x = 5y c. x= 30y
b. x = 25y d. x =35y
2. Given that x varies directly as y and k = 5. What is the value of y when x= 25?
a. y = 10 c. y = 0
b. y = 5 d. y= - 5
3. If y varies inversely as X and y= 18 when X=3. What is the value of k?
a. k = 24 c. k =54
b. k= 44 d. k =64
For items number 4 -5. If y varies directly as X, and y = 20 when x = 5.
4. What is the value of k?
a. k =5 c. k =3
b. k =4 d. k =2
5. what is the value of y when X =10?
a. y = 40 c. y= 20
b. y = 30 d. y = 10

SLMCS GUBAT CAMPUS Mathematics 9 Learning Module Page 5

Assessment:
Direction: Read and solve the word problem below.
1. The distance that a spring can stretch varies directly with the force applied to it. Suppose a spring starches
by 40 cm when a 70 kilograms force is applied to it. Determine the equation of the variation and present the
graph.

REFERENCES AND WEBSITE LINKS USED IN THIS MODULE

Materials:
BOOK: (Tuliao, et al. 2017) The New Grade 9 Realistic Math Scaling Greater Heights. Quezon: Sibs Publishing House Inc.
PDF: Annex -C-K-to12 MELCS
Video tutorials: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Xm4B33c7YSJkZCQEdzS9YqpCYTLL1n1W?
usp=sharing

SLMCS GUBAT CAMPUS Mathematics 9 Learning Module Page 6