19ME5603-Dynamics of Machines

Question Bank- Unit -I

PART A (2 MARKS)
S.no Question Blooms PO-
Taxonomy PI Code
1 Define inertia and inertia force. Remember 1.4.1
2 Point out the significance of inertia force analysis. Analyze 1.3.1
3 Define D’ Alembert’s principle for translation and hence define Remember 1.2.1
inertia force.
4 Distinguish between crank effort and piston effort. Analyze 1.4.1
5 In a two force planar member, (i) Specify the conditions for static Understand 1.4.1
equilibrium. (ii) Conditions for static equilibrium of a two- forces
and a torque member.
6 The length of the crank and connecting rod of vertical reciprocating Apply 2.4.1
engine are 300mm and 1.5 m respectively. If the crank rotates at 200
rpm, Find the velocity of the piston at θ
7 Distinguish between static force and inertia force. 1.4.1
8 Enumerate the uses of turning moment diagrams. Understand 1.4.1
9 Illustrate the purpose of flywheel used in an engine. How will you Apply 1.3.1
differentiate the function of governor in engine with flywheel?
10 Define coefficient of fluctuation of energy of a flywheel. Understand 1.2.1
11 Appraise the term coefficient fluctuation of speed. Analyze 1.3.1
12 Define hammer blow in locomotives Remember 1.4.1
13 Differentiate between Tractive force and Swaying couple Analyze 1.4.1
14 Enumerate the importance of engine shaking force? Understand 1.4.1
15 State the principle of superposition? Understand 1.4.1
PART B& C (13/15 MARK)
1 During a trail on steam engine, it is found that the acceleration of the Apply 2.4.1
piston is 36m/s2 when the crank has moved 30 o from the inner dead
centre position. The net effective steam pressure on the piston is
0.5MPa and the frictional resistance is equivalent to a force of 600
N. The diameter of the piston is 300mm and the mass of the
reciprocating parts is 180kg. If the length of the crank is 300mm and
the ratio of the connecting rod length to the crank length is 4.5.
Calculate (i)reaction on the guide bars (ii) thrust on the crank shaft
bearings and (iii) Turning moment on the crank shaft.
2 A single cylinder vertical engine has a bore of 100mm and a stroke Apply 2.4.1
of 120mm. The connecting rod is 250mm long and the mass of the
reciprocating part is 1.1 kg. On the expansion stroke, with the
crank at 20° from the TDC, the gas pressure is 700KN/m 2. If the
engine runs at 2000 rpm, Determine
(i) Net force acting on the piston.
(ii) Thrust acting on the connecting rod.
(iii) Thrust on cylinder walls.
(iv) The speed above which, other things remaining the same, the
thrust acting on connecting rod would be reversed in direction.
3 The ratio of the connecting rod length to crank length for vertical Apply 3.1.4
petrol is 4:1. The bore / stroke is 80 / 100 mm and mass of the
reciprocating part is 1 kg. The gas pressure on the piston is 0.5
N/mm2 when it has moved 10 mm from TDC on its power stroke.
Determine the net head on the gudgeon pin. The engine runs at 1800
rpm. Identify the engine speed when this load becomes zero.
4 Derive the equation of forces on the reciprocating parts of an engine, Understand 2.4.1
neglecting the weight of the connecting rod.
5 The length of crank and connecting rod of the horizontal Apply 3.1.4
reciprocating engine are 300mm and 1.2 m respectively. The
cylinder bore is 0.5 m and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 250
kg. The crank is rotating at 250 rpm. When the crank has turned
through 60° degree from the IDC, the difference of the pressure
between the cover and piston end is 0.35N/mm2. Calculate
(i) Thrust on sides of the cylinder walls.
ii) Thrust in the connecting rod.
iii) crank-pin effort
iv) Turning moment on crank shaft
The turning moment diagram for a multicylinder engine has been Apply 3.1.4
6 drawn to a scale 1 mm = 600 N-m vertically and 1 mm = 30
horizontally. The intercepted areas between the output torque curve
and the mean resistance line, taken in order from one end, are as
follows:
+52, -124, + 92, -140, + 85, -72 and +107 m m2, when the engine is
running at a speed of 600 r.p.m. If the total fluctuation of speed is
not to exceed 1.5% of the mean, calculate the necessary mass of the
flywheel of radius 0.5 m.
7 The crartk-pin circle radius of a horizontal engine is 300mm. The Apply 3.1.4
mass of the reciprocating parts is 250 kg. When the crank has
travelled 60° from I.D.C., the differenee between the driving and the
back pressures is 0.35 N/ mm2. The connecting rod length between
centres is 1.2m and the cylinder bore is 0.5m. If the engine runs at
250 r.p.m., and if the effect of piston rod diameter is neglected,
calculate the pressure on slide bars, the thrust in the connecting rod,
the tangential force on the crank-pin and the turning moment on the
crank shaft.
8 The turning moment diagram for a multi-cylinder engine has been Apply 2.4.1
drawn to a vertical scale of 1mm = 650 Nm and a horizontal scale of
 1 mm = 4.5°. The areas above and below the mean torque line are -
28, +380, -260, +310, -300, +242, -380, +265 and -229mm2. The
fluctuation of speed is limited to ± 1.8% of the mean speed which is
400 rpm. The density of the rim material is 7000 kg/m 3 and the
width of the rim is 4:5 times its thickness. The centrifugal stress in
the rim material is limited to 6 N/mm2. Neglecting the effect of the
boss, and the arms, determine the diameter and the cross-section of
the flywheel rim.
9 A vertical double acting steam engine has a cylinder 300 mm diameter and Apply 3.1.4
450 mm stroke and runs at 200 rpm. The reciprocating parts has a mass of 225
kg and the piston rod is 50 mm diameter. The connecting rod is 1.2 m long.
When the crank has turned through 125° from the top dead centre, the steam
pressure above the piston is 30 kN/m2 and below the piston is 1.5 kN/m 2.
Calculate the effective turning moment on the crank shaft.
10 A vertical petrol engine 100 mm diameter and 120 mm stroke has a Apply 3.1.4
connecting rod 250 mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.1 kg. The
speed is 2000 r.p.m. On the expansion stroke with a crank 20° from
top dead centre, the gas pressure is 700 kN/m2. Determine: 1. Net
force on the piston, 2. Resultant load on the gudgeon pin, 3. Thrust
on the cylinder walls, and 4. Speed above which, other things
remaining same, the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in
direction.
11 A horizontal steam engine running at 120 r.p.m. has a bore of 250 Apply 2.4.1
mm and a stroke of 400 mm. The connecting rod is 0.6 m and mass
of the reciprocating parts is 60 kg. When the crank has turned
through an angle of 45° from the inner dead centre, the steam
pressure on the cover end side is 550 kN/m2 and that on the crank
end side is 70 kN/m2. Considering the diameter of the piston rod
equal to 50 mm, determine: 1. turning moment on the crank shaft, 2.
thrust on the bearings, and 3. acceleration of the flywheel, if the
power of the engine is 20 kW, mass of the flywheel 60 kg and radius
of gyration 0.6 m
12 The crank and connecting rod of a petrol engine, running at 1800 Apply 2.4.1
r.p.m.are 50 mm and 200 mm respectively. The diameter of the
piston is 80 mm and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1 kg. At a
point during the power stroke, the pressure on the piston is 0.7
N/mm2, when it has moved 10 mm from the inner dead centre.
Determine : 1. Net load on the gudgeon pin, 2. Thrust in the
connecting rod, 3. Reaction between the piston and cylinder, and 4.
The engine speed at which the above values become zero