The ancient egyptians used a mixture of:

- Green lead, vertigress and frankincense

The early chinese contains

- ground bones

Each Toothpaste conatins the following ingredients:

binders

abrasives

propellants

humectants

fragrances

sweeteners

fluoride

bleaching agents

preservatives and

water

binders for the thicken toothpaste

abrasive materials scrub the outside of the teeth to remove plaque and loosen particles on the teeth,
also contribute to the opacity of the paste or gel ... abrasive ingredients can affect the consistency cost
and taste of the paste the most commonly used abrasives are silica, calcium carbonate and sodium
bicarbonate each abrasive also has slightly different cleaning properties and a combination of the two
can be used in the final product

shellac also known as blowing agents are suffricants they lower the surface tension of the water causing
bubbles to form ... foam is usually a combination of organic alcohols or fatty acids with alkali metals

humectants retain water to keep the paste in the toothpaste ...

moisturizers keep the solid and liquid phases of the toothpaste together they can also add coolness and
or sweetness to toothpaste this makes this toothpaste comfortable in the mouth when used ... most
toothpastes use sorbitol or glycerin as a humectant ... propylene glycol can also be used as a
moisturizer ...

toothpaste has a taste that makes it taste better ... mint is the most commonly used flavor because it
gives a fresh taste this fresh feeling is the result of Gears of conditioning by the toothpaste industry ...
Americans associate mint with freshness there may even be a reason for this ... the mint flavor contains
oils which evaporate in the warm mouth environment this evaporation effect creates a cooling sensation
in the mouth ... the most common toothpaste flavors are peppermint, Wintergreen and cinnamon in
addition to flavorings, toothpaste contains sweeteners to make it delicious due to humectants the most
commonly used moisturizers are about 60 sweeter than table sugar ... you need artificial flavors to make
the toothpaste taste good too ... sakarin is the most commonly used sweetener although some
toothpaste contains ammonia diglycerides and or aspartame