VAGINAL BLEEDING DUE

TO INCOMPLETE ABORTION

BSN-2B (GROUP 2)

INTRODUCTION
Human being are created with reproductive organ, through these women are
capable of becoming pregnant and that is the essence of being a women. Pregnancy
is a step for a couple to have their own children and form a family but it entail
many complication that the women many encounter and hinder to their way of
having a family as she go along her pregnancy. These problem the couple must be
prepared and aware of for them to be able to prevent it.

The term abortion also called as "miscarriage" is commonly used to mean all
form of early pregnancy loss. It is at a stage where the embryo or fetus is incapable
of surviving independtly, generally defined in human at prior 20 weeks of
gestation. Miscarriage is the most common complication of early pregnancy. In
medical context, the word "abortion" refers to any process by which a pregnancy
end with the death removal or expulsion of the fetus regardless of whether it is
spontaneous or intentionally induced. Many woman who have had miscarriage,
however, object to the term abortion in connection with their experience as it is
generally associated with induced abortions. Incomplete abortion is a type of
abortion which is inevitable and some of the product of the pregnancy are still
present in the uterus.

PATIENT PROFILE:
  PATIENT NAME: ANGELICA TUMACAS
 AGE: 17
 DATE OF BIRTH: JULY 22, 2006
 ADDRESS : MARCELLA, USON, MASBATE
 Sex: FEMALE
 RELIGION: ROMAN CATHOLIC
 HEIGHT: 146 cm
 WEIGHT: 46 kl
 STATUS: MARRIED

Laboratory workup:

Examination Result Normal Range

White blood  26.66 (H) 50.00-10.00 10^9/L

cell

Neutrophil  89.1 (H) 50.00- 70.00%

Lymphocytes  5.3 (L) 20.00- 40.00%

Monocytes  4.7 4.00 - 10.00%

Eosinophil  0.8 (L) 2.00 - 8.00%

Basophil  0.1 0.00 -1.00%

Red Blood  3.49 (L) 4.00 - 5.50 10^12/L

cell

Himoglobin  107 (L) 120.00v- 160.0 g/L

Hematocrit  33.1 (L) 40.00 - 50.0%

MCV  94.7 82.00 -95.00 fL

MCH  30.7 27.00 - 31.00 pg

MCHC  324 320.00 - 360.00 g/L

Platelet count  298 150.00 - 450.00 10^9/L

Blood typing  A Positive

DRUG STUDY:

Brand name Keflex

Generic name Cephalexin

Classification Cephalexin is in a class of medications called cephalosporin antibiotics. It works by

killing bacteria. Antibiotics such as cephalexin will not work for colds, flu, or other
viral infections. Using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of
getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.

Dosage Adults and children 15 years of age and older—1000 to 4000 milligrams (mg) per
 day, taken in divided doses.

Children 1 year of age and older—Dose is based on body weight and must be
determined by your doctor. The dose is usually 25 to 100 milligrams (mg) per
kilogram (kg) per day, taken in divided doses.

Children younger than 1 year of age—Use and dose must be determined by your
doctor.

Action Cephalexin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading breakdown and eventualy
cell death. Well absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract with nearly 100%
oral bioavailability. Cephalexin is not absorbed in the stomach but is absorbed in the
upper intestine

Drug interaction Cephalexin can interact with certain medications and supplements, such as
metformin, warfarin, and zinc. It may also interact with live cholera and typhoid
vaccines.

Side effect  nausea.

 diarrhea.
 vomiting.
 heartburn.
 stomach pain.
 rectal or genital itching.
 dizziness.
 extreme tiredness.

Adverse reaction Check with your doctor right away if you have chest pain, blistering, peeling, or
loose skin, red skin lesions, large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips,
tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs, severe acne or skin rash, sores or
ulcers on the skin, trouble breathing or swallowing, or fever

Nursing Arrange for culture and sensitivity tests of infection before and during therapy if
intervention infection does not resolve. Give drug with meals; arrange for small, frequent meals
if GI complications occur. Refrigerate suspension, discard after 14 days.

Brand name Infuvite Adult injection, infuvite adult pharmacy Bulk package,
Poly-Vi-Flor, PrimaCare

Generic name Multivitamins

Classification Vitamins are traditionally categorized into two groups: water-
soluble or fat-soluble. Whether vitamins are water-soluble or fat-
soluble can affect their functions and sites of action.

Dosage  Child under 5 years: 1 tablet daily

 Child over 5 years: 2 tablets daily
 Adult: 3 tablets daily

Action Multivitamins and minerals are used to provide substances that are
not taken in through the diet. Multivitamins and minerals are also
used to treat vitamin or mineral deficiencies caused by illness,
pregnancy, poor nutrition, digestive disorders, certain medications,
and many other conditions.

Drug interaction If your brand of multivitamin also contains iron, avoid taking this
product at the same time as antacids, bisphosphonates (for example,
alendronate), levodopa, thyroid medications (for example,
levothyroxine), or some antibiotics (for example, tetracyclines,
quinolones such as ciprofloxacin).

Side effect Constipation, diarrhea, or upset stomach may occur. These effects
are usually temporary and may disappear as your body adjusts to
this medication. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your
doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Adverse reaction Many multivitamin products also contain minerals such as calcium,
iron, magnesium, potassium, and zinc. Minerals (especially taken in
large doses) can cause side effects such as tooth staining, increased
urination, stomach bleeding, uneven heart rate, confusion, and
muscle weakness or limp feeling.

Nursing intervention The plan should also take into consideration the following
interventions: Administer vitamins with food to promote absorption.
Store vitamins in light-resistant container. Use a calibrated dropper
for administration of liquid vitamins.
Brand name METHERGINE

Generic name METHYLERGONOVINE

Classification Methylergonovine belongs to a class of drugs called ergot alkaloids.

Methylergonovine is used to prevent or treat bleeding from the uterus that can
happen after childbirth or an abortion

Dosage Adults—0.2 milligram (mg) three or four times a day, for up to 1 week. Children—
Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

Action Methergine (methylergonovine maleate) acts directly on the smooth muscle of the
uterus and increases the tone, rate, and amplitude of rhythmic contractions. Thus, it
induces a rapid and sustained tetanic uterotonic effect which shortens the third stage
of labor and reduces blood loss.

Drug Some products that may interact with this drug include: other ergot alkaloids (such
interaction as ergotamine, dihydroergotamine), "triptan" migraine medications (such as
eletriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan). Other medications can affect the removal of
methylergonovine from your body, which may affect how methylergonovine works.

Side effect

 Blood in the urine.

 change in skin color.
 chest pain or discomfort.
 difficult or labored breathing.
 difficulty with swallowing.
 fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse.
 hives.
 lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting

Adverse The most common adverse reaction is hypertension associated in several cases with
reaction seizure and/or headache. Hypotension has also been reported. Abdominal pain
(caused by uterine contractions), nausea and vomiting have occurred occasionally

Nursing Mothers should not breast-feed during treatment with Methergine. Milk secreted
intervention during this period should be discarded. Methergine may produce adverse effects in
the breast-feeding infant. Methergine may also reduce the yield of breast milk.