TYPES OF WATER CLOSET

SIPHON-VORTEX

Water enters through diagonal punching around the rim of the bowl, creating a vortex that draws the water down
into the rear trap with a swirling action that scours the walls of the bowl. Water strikes two parallel ridges and
folds over forming a jet, producing siphonic action. Large water surface provides a very efficient and clean
process, and the flushing is extremely quiet. This model is mostly of one-piece construction with a low profile.
Expensive.

SIPHON-JET

Water enters through rim punchings and jets placed in an up-leg of the rear trap, filling the trapway and creating
an instant siphon action without rise of water level. The result is quick water withdrawal. Large water surface
provides an efficient and clean operation. With quiet flushing and moderate cost, this is the most popular
residential model.

REVERSE-TRAP

Water enters through rim punchings and through a jet that fills the rear trapway completely, creating a siphon
action and resulting in quick withdrawal of water from the bowl. A water jet is located at the inlet of the trapway.
Most of the bowl surface is covered with water. This model is efficient but moderately noisy. Its cost is
reasonably low.

WASH-DOWN

Water enters through an open rim, as though a bucket of water were dumped into the bowl, filling the front
trapway and creating siphon action. This model provides quick removal of water with minimum water rise. Small
water surface makes the model more vulnerable to soiling and clogging. This is the least efficient and most noisy
type but lowest in cost.

PRESSURE/TANKLESS

Strong flushing action is created by a jet of water directed into the rim and jet. The force of the jet draws the bowl
contents into the rear trap. It doesn't use siphonic action but relies on the driving force of jet action. At flush valve
25 psi is needed with 1.5-in. inlet spud. Large water surface and large trapway size make this model efficient and
suitable for commercial use. Flushing is very noisy. Expensive.

PRESSURE/TANK

A steel tank is located inside the china tank. Uses pressure from the water supply system. A 1.5 in. water supply
line provides 25 psi pressure, compressing trapped air in the tank. When flushed the compressed air forces the
water out. The bowl is designed to accept the torrent of water. The crest of the surging water empties the bowl
through the enlarged trap. Large water surface makes this model efficient. Design features make it suitable for
residential use. Flushing is very noisy. Low water usage (1.5 gpf) helps conserve water. Expensive.