Submitted By: Syeda Mahrukh Fatima Kazmi

Roll No: 070

Subject: Listening and Speaking
Assignment: 1
Due Date: 5th January 2022
Submitted To: Ma’am Seema

𝗗𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗹𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴

Listening involves figuring out the sounds of speech and processing them into words and
sentences. When we listen, we use our ears to receive individual sounds (letters, stress, rhythm
and pauses) and we use our brain to convert these into messages that mean something to us.
Listening requires the fundamental skill of focusing attention on the speaker in an effort to hear
and understand what the speaker is saying.

Speaking is the delivery of language through the mouth. To speak, we create sounds using many
parts of our body, including the lungs, vocal tract, vocal chords, tongue, teeth and lips
Speaking skills require students to take turns, communicate confidently, stay on topic, and speak
with clarity.

Although speaking is involved in expressing and listening is involved in comprehension,

speaking and listening must be taken into consideration as activities that form the
communication process, complete each other and cannot be separated

Students use speaking and listening to solve problems, speculate, share ideas, make decisions
and reflect on what is important. … Therefore, having the right words to express their thoughts,
to rationalise their ideas, and talk about their feelings and viewpoints are vital for all facets of
education.

𝗧𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗹𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴

1: 𝗕𝗶𝗮𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
This sort of listening does what it says, we hear things that confirm our preconceived biases,
opinions, or expectations.
We hear what we want to hear… what we think we should be hearing.
And we do this subconsciously, without even realizing it.

2: 𝗦𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
Sympathetic listening is our way of showing that we understand what a person is saying and how
it is affecting them.It shows that we care about them.

3: 𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
This is really similar to sympathetic listening, but takes things to a new level.
Rather than looking on as an observer and feeling for the person (be it sadness, anger, or joy!),
empathetic listeners basically experience the feelings for themselves.
This is a sign of a really close friendship or relationship to feel someone’s pain or happiness is to
love them and care deeply for them.

4:𝗖𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
Critical listening involves just that – being crucial about what is being said, taking the important
bits and making a judgment as needed.

5:𝗜𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
This is all about paying attention to the information being conveyed by the speaker.

6: 𝗔𝗽𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
This type of listening can be done on your own or with others who have a mutual appreciation
for whatever it is you enjoy.
This is normally done outside of work hours, with a lot of people enjoying radio dramas on a
lazy Sunday afternoon or live music on a Friday night!

7:𝗦𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
Selective listening essentially means that we only hear what we want to hear and often tune out
to other things because we find them irrelevant or boring.

8:𝗥𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴
This type of listening is the one we use when we’re trying to build a relationship.
We really want to engage with what’s being said. To show a keen interest and be ready to
respond with something appropriate.

𝗧𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴

1: 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴
Most people will give some sort of ceremonial speech during their lifetime. These speeches mark
special occasions. They are common at weddings, graduations and funerals – as well as large
birthday celebrations and office holiday parties. Ceremonial speaking typically involves a toast
and is personal with an intimate emotional connection to people hearing it.

2:𝗗𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴
Science demonstrations and role playing are types of demonstrative speaking. This type of public
speaking requires being able to speak clearly and concisely to describe actions and to perform
those actions while speaking.

3:𝗜𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴
With informative speaking, the speaker is trying to simply explain a concept to the audience
members. College lecture courses involve informative speaking as do industry conferences and
public officials sharing vital information. In this type of speaking, the information is what is
important.

4:𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝘂𝗮𝘀𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗦𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴
Persuasive speaking tends to be the most glitzy. Politicians, lawyers and clergy members use
persuasive speaking. This type of speaking requires practicing voice inflections and nuances of
language that will convince the audience members of a certain viewpoint.