BSN-4 BLOCK 6

DISASTER REPORT MIDTERM

DISASTER REPORT
TECHNICAL REPORT

GROUP 2
MENTAL AND HEALTH PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT:
●NATIONAL
Our 192 National Societies worldwide provide a wide variety of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS)
services and programmes. These range from basic psychological first aid through to specialised mental health care.
Armed conflict, natural disasters and other emergencies often expose people to extremely distressing events.
People lose loved ones, homes and livelihoods. Many face severe violations of human dignity, such as torture and
sexual violence.
Left untreated, these hidden wounds can cause serious and long-term harm to individuals, families, communities,
and entire societies.

Mental health and psychosocial support programmes are some of the least expensive activities in humanitarian
response. But they can have a priceless impact on the lives of people who need them, particularly when delivered
early after a disaster strikes.

WHAT WE DO:

Across our network, Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers help people cope, rebuild their lives and thrive again in
the wake of emergencies. Examples of our mental health and psychosocial work include:

-Setting up child friendly spaces to support children’s mental health through safe play

-Running dedicated phone lines and help points for people on the move who need a friendly ear

-Community engagement to promote positive mental wellbeing and address the stigma often surrounding mental
health conditions

-Programmes to help vulnerable groups develop social and emotional skills so they can support one another

In low- and middle-income countries where most humanitarian crises occur, access to mental health and social
support services can be very limited. Investing in the work of local volunteers is therefore vital to ensuring
everyone, everywhere can access reliable mental health and psychosocial support.

REGIONAL: PHILIPPINES
PROVNCE/MUNICIPALITY:
INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING IN EMERGENCIES ( IYCF-E)

NATIONAL :
Save the Children (SC) has developed the Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies Training Curriculum for
Programme Managers (also known as the “IYCF-E Curriculum”) as a training resource designed to support
implementers and technicians in the design, delivery, and advocacy of a coherent and consistent approach to
Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) programming. It can be used as an in-depth regional,
country, and/or organizational level training to develop and enhance an individual’s ability to manage or
contribute towards the development and implementation of an IYCF-E programme. It can be adapted to a specific
context and made more relevant as needed.
The aim of this curriculum is to equip health and nutrition professionals with the skills, knowledge, and
understanding required to protect and support infants, young children, and their caregivers during emergencies
through IYCF-E interventions which are consistent with the latest global guidance, policies, best practices, and
minimum standards.
Upon completing the full curriculum, participants will be able to do the following:
• Assess, justify, and advocate for the need for IYCF-E programming when preparing for and responding to an
emergency.
• Describe which actions decision-makers, planners, and emergency responders across all sectors can take to
protect, promote, and support recommended IYCF and care practices during emergencies.
• Design and operationalize contextually appropriate, effective, accessible, and inclusive IYCF-E programmes and
interventions.
REGIONAL PHILIPPINES:

Profile/Rationale of the Health Program

A global strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) was issued jointly by the World Health Organization
(WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in 2002, to reverse the disturbing trends in infant and
young child feeding practices. This global strategy was endorsed by the 55th World Health Assembly in May 2002
and by the UNICEF Executive Board in September 2002 respectively.
In 2004, infant and young child feeding practices were assessed using the WHO assessment protocol and rated
poor to fair. Findings showed four out of ten newborns were initiated to breastfeeding within an hour after birth,
three out of ten infants less than six months were exclusively breastfed and the median duration of breastfeeding
was only thirteen months. The complementary feeding indicator was also rated as poor since only 57.9 percent of
6-9 months children received complementary foods while continuing to breastfed. The assessment also found out
that complementary foods were introduced too early, at the age of less than two months. These poor practices
needed urgent action and aggressive sustained interventions.
To address these problems on infant and young child feeding practices, the first National IYCF Plan of Action was
formulated. It aimed to improve the nutritional status and health of children especially the under-three and
consequently reduce infant and under-five mortality. Specifically, its objectives were to improve, protect and
promote infant and young child feeding practices, increase political commitment at all levels, provide a supportive
environment and ensure its sustainability. Figure 1 shows the identified key objectives, supportive strategies and
key interventions to guide the overall implementation and evaluation of the 2005-2010 Plan of Action. The main
efforts were directed towards creating a supportive environment for appropriate IYCF practices. The approval of
the National Plan of Action in 2005 helped the Department of Health (DOH) and its partners, in the development of
the first (1st) National Policy on Infant and Young Child Feeding. Thus on May 23, 2005, Administrative Order (AO)
2005-0014: National Policies on IYCF was signed and endorsed by the Secretary of Health. The policy was intended
to guide health workers and other concerned parties in ensuring the protection, promotion and support of
exclusive breastfeeding and adequate and appropriate complementary feeding with continued breastfeeding.

GUIDING PRINCIPLES
The IYCF Strategic Plan of Action upholds the following guiding principles:
1. Children have the right to adequate nutrition and access to safe and nutritious food, and both are essential for
fulfilling their right to the highest attainable standard of health. (5)
2. Mothers and Infants form a biological and social unit and improved IYCF begins with ensuring the health and
nutritional status of women. (5)
3. Almost every woman can breastfeed provided they have accurate information and support from their families,
communities and responsible health and non-health related institutions during critical settings and various
circumstances including special and emergency situations.(5)
4. The national and local government, development partners, non-government organizations, business sectors,
professional groups, academe and other stakeholders acknowledges their responsibilities and form alliances and
partnerships for improving IYCF with no conflict of interest.
5. Strengthened communication approaches focusing on behavioral and social change is essential for demand
generation and community empowerment.

PAGASA RAINFALL
GENERAL RAINFALL ACTIONS AND PREVENTIONS TAKEN IN NATIONAL, REGIONAL, PROVINCIAL, TOWN/CITY
AND IN LOCALITY:
National Actions And Preventions For Heavy Rainfall Warnings
Heavy rainfall can cause a range of problems, including flooding, landslides, and damage to infrastructure. Here are
some actions that a national government could take in response to heavy rainfall:
1. Emergency response: The national government can activate emergency response plans and mobilize emergency
services such as ambulances, fire departments, and rescue teams to assist those affected by the heavy rainfall.
2. Evacuation: If the rainfall is severe and poses a risk to human life, the national government may need to
evacuate people from affected areas to safer locations.
3. Restoration of infrastructure: Heavy rainfall can damage roads, bridges, and other critical infrastructure. The
national government can undertake repair and restoration work to ensure that essential services like electricity,
water, and transportation are restored as soon as possible.
4. Public awareness campaigns: The national government can launch public awareness campaigns to educate
people about the dangers of heavy rainfall and ways to stay safe during such events.
5. Monitoring and early warning systems: The national government can invest in monitoring and early warning
systems to detect and alert people of potential flooding or landslides, allowing them to take necessary precautions.
6. Land-use planning: The national government can ensure that land-use planning takes into consideration the risks
of heavy rainfall and takes steps to prevent development in areas that are prone to flooding or landslides.
7. Insurance and financial support: The national government can provide financial support to those affected by
heavy rainfall, including compensation for property damage, loss of income, and financial assistance for rebuilding
homes and businesses. The government can also encourage people to purchase insurance to protect themselves
against such events.
In the Philippines, heavy rainfall can be a common occurrence, especially during the typhoon season.

Regionalities, Provincials, Towns or Local government units, can take various actions to respond to heavy
rainfall, including:
1. Disaster risk reduction and management: Local government units can ensure that they have disaster risk
reduction and management plans in place. These plans should include clear protocols for emergency response,
evacuation, and relief operations.
2. Early warning systems: Local government units can set up early warning systems to alert people of potential
flooding, landslides, or other hazards caused by heavy rainfall. This can include text message alerts such us
NDRRMC, sirens, or other communication channels.
3. Prepositioning of resources: Local government units can preposition resources such as food, water, and medical
supplies in areas that are likely to be affected by heavy rainfall. This can ensure that relief efforts can be quickly
mobilized in the event of an emergency.
4. Evacuation and shelter management: In the event of floods or landslides, local government units can coordinate
evacuation efforts and set up temporary shelters for those who have been displaced.
5. Infrastructure maintenance and repair: Local government units can ensure that critical infrastructure such as
roads, bridges, and drainage systems are regularly maintained and repaired. This can help prevent damage and
minimize the impact of heavy rainfall.
6. Community awareness and education: Local government units can conduct community awareness and
education campaigns to help people understand the risks of heavy rainfall and how to stay safe during such events.
This can include information on evacuation procedures, emergency contact numbers, and the importance of being
prepared.
7. Financial assistance and support: Local government units can provide financial assistance and support to those
who have been affected by heavy rainfall. This can include relief goods, financial aid, and other forms of assistance
to help people get back on their feet.

• Disaster Flood and Earthquake Warning Signal

Flood Warning Signal
LOCAL FLOOD WARNING SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES
The Philippines ranks as one of the countries most affected by natural disasters in the world with Floods, typhoons,
storms, landslides or droughts reported as a common occurrence. The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
Zusammenarbeit has developed an integrated approach for Local Flood Early Warning Systems (LFEWS) in the
Philippines. LFEWS combine the capacities of the national meteorological authority, local government units and
the communities. The approach focuses on small to medium-sized river basins and is tailored to local conditions. In
December 2021, the Philippines was hit by Typhoon Rai which was recorded as the second deadliest disaster in the
world that year. It devastated the island’s coastal communities and flooded multiple cities in the country. Extreme
weather-related events are expected to become more frequent with climate change, causing further loss of life
and significant economic damage, highlighting the need for continuous investment in Early
Warning Systems (EWS). Data on the extent and frequency of rising water levels provide important information
for risk maps that can be used to prepare or adapt land-use plans. The prevented damages and losses associated
with flood events significantly ease the financial burden on private households and district budgets and usually
amortises the costs of running and maintaining the LFEWS within a few years.

Early warning system are a key element of disaster preparedness and comprise of FOUR key stages:
1. Risk knowledge
➢ HAZARD
- Get or produce flood hazard maps
- Get data about location, frequency, duration, depth, current of flood
➢ ELEMENTS AT RISK
- Get population data for hazard prone area
- Get land use map/data for hazard prone area
- Note the number of buildings
➢ VULNERABILITY
- Get data on poverty incidence.
- Get data on vulnerable groups ( children, elderly, handicapped)

2. Forecasting and Warning

➢ RAINFALL
- Establish rainfall monitoring stations (gauges and personnel)
- Train personnel in maintenance, gauge reading, record keeping and data transmission.
➢ RIVER LEVEL
- Establish river level monitoring stations (gauges and personnel)
- Train personnel in maintenance, gauge reading, record keeping and data transmission.
➢ WARNING DECISIONS
-Establish an Operative Center (Room, Equipment and Staff)
- Define 3 warning levels
- Train staff in flood risk management, data interpretation, warning decisions and communications.

3. Dissemination and Communication

➢ RADIO
- Establish radio communication facilities (voice and data if needed)
- Train personnel in maintenance and data transmission protocols
➢ TELEPHONE
- Establish mobile and landline telephone number (List numbers)
- Train personnel in data transmission protocols
➢ HOUSEHOLD WARNING
- Disseminate information about local flood warning system
- Establish warning signal dissemination of household
- Train personnel in maintenance and warning dissemination

4. Preparedness and Response

➢ EVACUATION CENTER
- Establish or Identify suitable evacuation center
- Disseminate evacuation route and location of center
Train staff in maintenance
➢ SEARCH AND RESCUE
- Establish S&R services (staff, search and rescue, communication equipment)
- Train personnel in search and rescue techniques
➢ RELIEF GOODS
- Establish stocks of relief goods
- Train personnel in transport, distribution and record keeping of goods
What is RA 10028 all about?
Declaration of Policy. – The State adopts rooming-in as a national policy to encourage, protect and support the
practice of breastfeeding. It shall create an environment where basic physical, emotional, and psychological needs
of mothers and infants are fulfilled through the practice of rooming-in and breastfeeding.

GROPUP 3 TECHNICAL REPORT

SYNTHESIS OF RA 10121:
Section 1. Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010".
10121, also known as "an act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System,
providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework and institutionalizing the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes".
PROGRAMS WERE CRATED AND IMPLEMENTED THIS ACT:
The Act shifted the policy environment and the way the country deals with disasters from mere response to
preparedness. RA 10121 provides a comprehensive, all-hazard, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based
approach to disaster risk management through the formulation of the National Disaster Risk Management
Framework.

A National Disaster Risk Management Plan (NDRMP) is being formulated, developed, and implemented as the
master plan that will provide the strategies, organisation, tasks of concerned agencies and local government units,
and other guidelines in dealing with disasters or emergencies. Through this plan, a coherent, integrated, efficient,
and responsive disaster risk management at all levels will hopefully be achieved.
 The law also promotes the development of capacities in disaster management at the individual, organisational,
and institutional levels. A very important feature of this law is its call for the mainstreaming of disaster risk
reduction in physical and land-use planning, budget, infrastructure, education, health, environment, housing, and
other sectors.
RA 10121 also recognises local risk patterns and trends and decentralisation of resources and responsibilities and
thus encourages the participation of NGOs, private sectors, community-based organisations, and community
members in disaster.
4 PRIORITY AREAS OF MDRRM:
1. Disaster Preparedness Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate, cope and Recover from
the negative impacts of emergency occurrences and disaster
2. Disaster Response Provide life preservation and meet the basic subsistence needs of affected population based
on acceptable standards during or immediately after a disaster
3. Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery Restore and improve facilities, livelihood and living conditions and
organizational capacities of affected communities, and reduced disaster risks in accordance with the “building back
better” principle
4. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Avoid hazards and mitigate their potential impacts by reducing
vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of communities

SYNTHESIS OF RA 10821:
• Republic Act (RA) 10821 or the Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act sets a standard of
accountability to children in terms of protection and provision of their needs before, during, and after a disaster.
• Section 4 of RA 10821 provides that “DSWD shall formulate a Comprehensive Emergency Program for
Children (CEPC), the program shall be used as the basis for handling disasters and other emergency situations to
protect children, pregnant and lactating mothers, and support their immediate recovery.
PROGRAM:
Republic Act 10821 or the Children's Emergency Relief and Protection Act was enacted on 18 May 2016 mandates
the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) to create a Comprehensive Emergency Program for
Children, taking into consideration humanitarian standards for their protection.
The Program shall be used as the basis for handling disasters and other emergency situations to protect children,
pregnant and lactating mothers, and support their immediate recovery. This shall be implemented immediately
after the declaration of a national or local state of calamity or occurrence of any other emergency situation.
The DSWD is likewise directed to engage all relevant government agencies and stakeholders for the effective
implementation of the Program. All local government units (LGUs) are directed to integrate programs and activities
relevant to the implementation of the Program in their development and Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (LDRRM) plans and budget.
The law aims to also empower the public and encourage their involvement in crafting and implementing policies
and programs that can help improve the ability of Filipino communities to mitigate the effects of calamities and
disasters, and promote resiliency.

SYNTHESIS OF RA 10344:
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10344
AN ACT PENALIZING THE UNAUTHORIZED TAKING, STEALING, KEEPING OR TAMPERING OF GOVERNMENT RISK
REDUCTION AND PREPAREDNESS EQUIPMENT, ACCESSORIES AND SIMILAR FACILITIES
Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the "Risk Reduction and Preparedness Equipment Protection
Act".
PROGRAM IMPLEMENTD UNDER RA 10344:
Group 4 technical report:
REPULIC ACT NO. 8749 SYNTHEIS
Republic Act No. 8749, otherwise known as the Philippine Clean Air Act, is a comprehensive air quality
management policy and program which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for all Filipinos.
AREA SOURCE REFERS TO SOURCE OF EMISSION:
Area sources are defined by EPA as sources that emit less than 10 tons of a single hazardous air pollutant (HAP) or
less than 25 tons of a combination of HAPs annually. National emission standards for these sources are being
developed under EPA's Urban Air Toxics Strategy.

WHAT ARE COVERED BY THE CLEAN AIR ACT?

All potential sources of air pollution (mobile, point and area sources) must comply with the provisions of the law.
All emissions must be within the air quality standards.
Mobile sources refer to vehicles like cars, trucks, buses, jeepneys, tricycles, motorcycles, and vans. Point sources
refer to stationary sources such as industrial firms and the smokestacks of power plants, hotels, and other
establishments.
Area sources refer to sources of emissions other than the above. These include smoking, burning of garbage, and
dust from construction, unpaved grounds. etc.

What will be done to polluting industries?

A fine of not more than P100,000 for every day of violation shall be charged against the owner of a stationary
source, until such time that standards have been met. For gross violation, the penalty is imprisonment of not less
than six years but not more than 10 years upon the discretion of the court. At the same time, the Pollution
Adjudication Board (PAB) could close the firm through the issuance of a Cease and Desist Order.
There is gross violation of the law or its rules when any of the following occurs:
1. Three or more specific offenses within a period of one year.
2. Three or more offenses within three consecutive years.
3. Blatant disregard of the orders of the PAB, such as, but not limited to the breaking of seals, padlocks and
other similar devices, or operating despite the existence of an order for closure, discontinuance or cessation of
operation.
4. Irreparable or grave damage to the environment as a consequence of any violation or omission of the
provisions of the Act or its IRR.

TABACO REGULATION ACT OF 2003 (SYNTHESIS and PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED WITH PURPOSE/GOALS):
Republic Act No. 9211, also known as the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003, is an omnibus law regulating smoking in
public places, tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, and sales restrictions, among other requirements.
9211 was passed in 2003 and included three key tobacco control components: 1) minimum legal sales age of 18
years; 2) text wa For trend analysis of current use of other tobacco products from 2000 to 2015, orthogonal
polynomials were used with logistic regression analysis to simultaneously assess for linear and nonlinear trends,
controlling for age and sex.
After adjusting for covariates, the development and implementation of Republic Act No. 9211 was associated with
a decrease in odds ratio of current cigarette smoking, whereas the price per cigarette stick was not associated with
current cigarette smoking among Filipino youth aged 13–15 years. Although this study provides mixed evidence
about current cigarette smoking and tobacco control legislation among Filipino youth aged 13–15 years who attend
school, these findings could be explained by these policies not fully aligning with the evidence-based components
of WHO’s FCTC and MPOWER. Continued implementation and enforcement of comprehensive, evidence-based
tobacco control policies that align with WHO’s FCTC10 and MPOWER11, including prohibiting the sale of single
cigarette sticks, could help to further reduce tobacco use among youth in the Philippines.

ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2000: REPUBLIC ACT 9003:

The Republic Act (RA) 9003, otherwise known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, provides the
necessary policy framework, institutional mechanisms and mandate to the local government unites (LGUs) to
achieve 25% waste reduction through establishing an integrated solid waste management plan based on 3Rs
(reduce, reuse and recycling). While the efforts of LGUs are still very limited with a mix of results in implementing
the national mandate, this paper presents the experiences of Cebu, a second largest city in the Philippines with
about one million people, has shown to have succeeded in reducing its municipal waste generation by more than
30% over the last three years. The findings suggest that the impacts of the national mandate can be achieved if the
LGUs have the high level of political commitment, development of effective local strategies in collaborative
manner, partnership building with other stakeholders, capacity development, adequate financing and incentives,
and in the close monitoring and evaluation of performance

SAMPLE program: Comprehensive Solid Waste Management

Waste Characterization and Segregation. The solid waste generated within the area of jurisdiction shall be
characterized for initial source reduction and recycling element of the local waste management plan. A separate
container is required for each type of waste for on-site collection properly marked as "compostable", "non-
recyclable", "recyclable" or "special waste". Waste segregation shall primarily be conducted at the source including
household, commercial, industrial and agricultural sources.
Source Reduction. This refers to the methods by which the LGUs can reduce a sufficient amount of solid waste
disposed within five (5) years. LGUs are expected to divert at least 25% of all solid waste from waste disposal
facilities through re-use, recycling and composting activities. The rate of waste diversion is set to increase every
three (3) years.

Collection and Transport of Solid Waste. The geographic subdivisions are taken into account in the coverage of
the solid waste collection area in every barangay ensuring 100% collection efficiency within 24 hours from all
sources. The plan shall define and identify specific strategies and activities taking into account the availability and
provision of properly designed containers in selected collection points while awaiting collection and transfer,
segregation of different types of waste, hauling and transfer of solid waste from collection points to final disposal
sites, issuance and enforcement of ordinances for effective implementation, and provision of properly trained
officers and workers. All personnel directly dealing with collection of solid waste must be equipped with personal
protective gears for their protection.

Recycling Program. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), in coordination with other concerned agencies, is
directed to publish an inventory of existing markets for recyclable materials, product standards for recyclable and
recycled materials, and a proposal to stimulate demand for the production of recycled materials and products.
Moreover, a coding system for eco-labeling is expected from DTI. Non-environmentally acceptable products shall
be allowed within one (1) ear after public notice as alternatives available to consumers but at cost not exceeding
ten (10) percent of the disposable product.
Composting. The Department of Agriculture (DA) shall publish an inventory of existing markets and demands for
composts that is updated annually. These composts intended for commercial distribution should conform to the
standards set by the DA for organic fertilizers.

Local Government Solid Waste Management

To encourage and facilitate the development of local plans, NSWMC is mandated to publish guidelines for
identification of areas with common waste management problems and appropriate units for clustering solid waste
management services. This is to reinforce provisions of the Local Government Code for all provinces, cities,
municipalities and barangays to consolidate or coordinate efforts, services and resources to establish common
waste treatment and disposal facilities.

Incentive Scheme
An incentive scheme, pursuant to Omnibus Investment Code, is provided by the Act to encourage participation of
individuals, private organizations and entities, including non-government organizations in developing outstanding
and innovative projects, technologies, processes and techniques or activities in re-use, recycling and reduction.
This includes 10-vear tax and duty exemption on imported capital equipment, vehicles, legacies, gifts and
donations used for collection of solid waste and tax credit equivalent to 50% of the national internal revenue taxes
and custom duties. Non-fiscal incentives are granted to businesses and industries engaged in recycling of waste in
the form of simplified procedures for importation of equipment, spare parts, new materials and supplies, and for
the export of processed products. Other forms of incentives include extension of financial services to individuals,
enterprises or private entities engaged in solid waste management and grant entitlement to outstanding LGUs.
Those LGUs who host common waste management facilities can likewise receive incentives

Penal Provisions
Chapter 6 provides a comprehensive list of prohibited acts including: (1) littering, throwing, dumping of waste
matters in public places; (2) undertaking activities in violation of sanitation operation; (3) open burning of solid
waste; (4) causing non-segregated waste; (5) squatting in open dumps and landfills; (6) open dumping, burying of
biodegradable materials in flood-prone areas; (7) unauthorized removal of recyclable material; mixing of source-
separated recyclable material with other solid waste; (9) establishment or operation of open-dumps: (10)
manufacturing, distributing, using, and importing consumer products that are non-environmentally-friendly
materials; (11) importing toxic wastes misrepresented as
"recyclable" or "with recyclable content", (12) transporting and dumping in bulk in areas other than facility
centers; (13) site preparation, construction, expansion or operation of waste management facilities without an
Environmental Compliance Certificate and not conforming with the land use plan of LGUs; (14) construction of
establishment within 200 meters from dump sites or sanitary landfills; and (15) operation of waste disposal facility
on any aquifer, groundwater reservoir or watershed area.

Financing Solid Waste Management

The Act provided a special account in the National Treasury called the Solid Waste Management Fund. This will be
sourced from fines and penalties imposed, proceeds of permits and licenses, donations, endowments, grants and
contributions and amount allocated under the annual General Appropriations Act. The Fund will be utilized to
finance products, facilities, technologies, and processes that would enhance proper solid waste management;
awards and incentives; research programs; information, education, communication and monitoring activities;
technical assistance; and capability building activities.

TOXIC SUBSTANCE AND HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTES CONTROL ACT 1990 / SYNTHESIS:
This Act makes provisions in order to regulate, restrict and/or prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing,
sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures presenting risk and/or injury to human and
animal health or to the environment; it provides for the prohibition of entry and transit of hazardous and nuclear
wastes and their disposal into the Philippine while encouraging research and studies on toxic chemicals. The
provisions of this Act shall cover the importation, manufacture, processing, handling, storage, transportation, sale,
distribution, use and disposal of all unregulated chemical substances and mixtures,including entry ,transit, storage
and disposal of hazardous and nuclear wastes into the country for whatever purpose.

WILDLIFE RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION ACT OF 2001 (R.A 9147 SYNTHESIS AND PROGRAM
IMPLEMENTED):
Republic Act No. 9147 or the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Actwas passed into law in 2001. RA
No. 9147 is as a measure that provided the necessary environmental policy enabling Philippine government to
manage and conserve the wildlife resources of the country comprehensively.

IMPLEMENTED UNDER 9147 known as the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act. The objective of
which is to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance
biological diversity and eradicate, or at least regulate the collection and trade of wildlife.

GROUP 5 TECHNICAL REPORT:

 Documentation in Disaster Management Plan

LOCAL
-Provincial
-Municipality/City
-Barangay

• Qualifications in Incident Response Team

-Team Leader
Drives and coordinates all incident response team activity, and keeps the team focused on minimizing damage, and
recovering quickly.

-Lead Investigator
Collects and analyzes all evidence, determines root cause, directs the other security analysts, and implements
rapid system and service recovery.

-Communications Lead
Leads the effort on messaging and communications for all audiences, inside and outside of the company.

-Documentation & Timeline Lead

Documents all team activities, especially investigation, discovery and recovery tasks, and develops reliable timeline
for each stage of the incident.

-HR/Legal Representation
Since an incident may or may not develop into criminal charges, it’s essential to have legal and HR guidance and
participation.

• Government Programs to Disaster Management

NDCC has been pursuing program component and impact activities in partnership with the non-government
organizations and the local disaster coordinating councils (LDCC's) to wit;

1. Bigada Kontra Baha. This is a concerted multi-sectoral initiative to declog critical estrous and waterways,
drainage system and tributaries floods and to mitigate their effects on the people and communities. Initially, this
projects has been launched in key cities of Metro Manila, Cebu City, and Davao City to be sustained by the local
residents through advocacy and community mobilization.
2. Oplan Bangun Mindanaw. Around 985,000 families have suffered from situation in Southern and Central
Mindanaw due to the impact of the El Nino Phenomenon. In response, the government launched this coherent and
integrated multi-sectoral rehabilitation program for El Nino affected areas. It has five strategies: (1) generating
livelihood and household income, (2) enhancing health and nutrition services, (3) protecting vulnerable
communities from the anticipated impacted of La Nina, (4) agricultural development and modernization, (5)
reinforcement of DCC's.
3. Laban La Nina. With the anticipated impact of La Nina Phenomenon, War Plans of vulnerable regions and
communities were being formulated and simulated in pilot areas. This contingency plan has four major
components: (1) hazards and risk maps for flood/lahar, (2) communities and lifelines at risk, (3) capacity and
vulnerability assessment, and (49 strategic interventions.
4. Linis Bayan Program. As embodied in Administrative Order No.32 by the President of the Philippines, this
is the institutionalization of a nationwide clean-up campaign to encourage the promotion and practice of
cleanliness in all government offices, schools, communities and homes aimed at declogging of critical estros,
elimination of mosquito larvae (kiti-kiti) and breeding sites, and cleaning of offices, schools, public grounds and
roads, among others.

PAGASA
1. Special Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance Information Dissemination and Damage Evaluation (STRIFE) a
quick response team (QRT) to conduct in the spot investigation in areas affected by landfilling TC's, tornadoes,
storm surges etc.
2. Provision of Farm-Weather Forecast and Warning Services-Provides Weather Information related to plant
growth/development and farming operations including livestock and crop production.
3. Information and Education Campaign(IEC) Program for natural Disaster Reduction. Include the level of
awareness/preparedness of the people on natural hazards and disasters through the development of hi-tech
audio-visual and multi-media technology, conducts seminars/workshops, lectures and training's throughout the
country.

PHIVOLCS
1. Volcanic Hazards Identification and Mapping-identify, catalogue and characterize activities and potentially
active volcanoes.
2. Hazardous Volcanic Products and Process: to map extent of emplacement, thickness of deposition,
stratigraphy and source vents to these hazardous volcanic products which may give an overview of the anticipated
hazards and risks from future eruptive episodes.
3. National Lahar Mapping Program: this involves mapping out the possible extent of emplacement and
distribution of lahar deposits from past explosives eruption. The ultimate aim of this program is to generate lahar
hazard maps for selected active volcanoes which shall identify possible routes and areas that can be affective
during a particular lahar flow incidents.

• What Programs for Post Disaster is being implemented

• The DSWD Recovery and Re-integration Program for Trafficked Persons provides temporary shelter, counseling,
and legal assistance to trafficking victims. The program also offers skills training and job placement services to help
trafficking victims find employment.

• The ESA is a program of the DSWD which aims to assist disaster-affected families with damaged houses by giving
financial assistance to support their immediate recovery, particularly, in the repair and reconstruction of their
houses that were devastated by a typhoon.

• Disaster Recovery
Involves the provision, restoration and improvement of shelter, livelihood, and basic community facilities, to
improve living conditions and reduce disaster risk, supporting long-term approaches of building back better and
safer.

• Sample of the Casual factors

- Climate Change
Climate change is the significant variation of average weather conditions becoming, for example, warmer, wetter,
or drier—over several decades or longer. It is the longer-term trend that differentiates climate change from natural
weather variability.

- Environmental Degradation
Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air,
water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. It is defined as any change or
disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable.

- Globalized economic development

Globalization has paved the way for new markets, enhanced trade and investment, and fostered cross-border
technology and knowledge transfers. These developments have contributed to greater economic growth,
improved productivity, and job creation in numerous areas worldwide.

- Poverty and Inequality

Inequality is concerned with the full distribution of wellbeing; poverty is focused on the lower end of the
distribution only – those who fall below a poverty line (McKay, 2002). Inequality can be viewed as inequality of
what, inequality of whom and inequality over what time horizon (McKay, 2002).

- Poorly planned urban development

The lack of adequate infrastructure and services, unsafe housing, inadequate and poor health services can turn
natural hazard into a disaster. For example, poor solid waste management can cause blockage to storm water and
sewage networks that can lead to waterlogging and flooding.

- Weak governance
Weak governance zones are investment environments in which public sector actors are unable or unwilling to
assume their roles and responsibilities in protecting rights, providing basic services, public services, and ensuring
that public sector management is efficient and effective.

GROUP 6 – TECHNICAL REPORT

Hospital Incident Command System (HICS)
 The HICS structure is an IS structure specifically designed for hospitals. The principles presented in the HIS
framework overlap the mission areas: Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response, and Recovery.
 HICS can be used in both emergent incidents or non-emergent events.
 Functions are performed by the Hospital Incident Management Team (HIMT).

Hospital Incident Command System (HICS)

Benefits of using HICS:
- Flexible and adaptable to meet specific needs and capabilities of hospitals
- Customizable.
- Component of an Emergency Operations Plan.
- Efficient response.
- Integration with community.
- Federal preparedness and response grant compliant.
- Accreditation compliance.
- Resource management.

Hospital Incident Management Team(HIMT)

 The HIMT structure depicts HICS functions with identified roles for how responsibilities are distributed among
theassigned team members.
 Color coded by function
- Command (White)
- Finance and Administration (Green)
- Logistics (Yellow)
- Operations (Red)
- Planning (Blue)

 There should be always be a succession plan for all key roles in HICS.
- A "3-deep" approach allows for leaders who may be unavailable and for sustained events in which relief will be
needed for key roles.

HICS Command Staff

Incident Commander: Every incident will have an incident commander. Typically, they are the most senior person
on duty at the time of the incident and have the authority to make decisions for the organization and provide
overall direction for the HIMT.
 The first person responding to the incident fills the role of the Incident Commander until another person
with more experience/ training has arrived
The Incident Commander should have the level of training, experience, and expertise to serve in this capacity
Qualifications to serve as an Incident Commander are not based on rank, grade, or technical expertise

Liaison Officer
- Serves as a bridge between the internal HIMT and external emergency response partners. This includes
maintaining updates on the organization's status, bed availability, and participating in conference calls with the
local or regional Emergency Operations Center and healthcare coalition and other community response partners.

Safety Officer
-Organizes and enforces scene and facility protection, traffic security, and safe practices for response personnel.

Public Information Officer

-Coordinates information sharing internally within the organization for staff messaging and hotline updates, and
externally to media consistent with the local Emergency Operations Center.

Medical/ Technical Specialists

-Persons with specialized expertise (e.g., infectious diseases, legal affairs, medical ethics).

HICS General Staff

HICS General Staff are divided into sections and led by corresponding section chiefs.
- Operations Section Chief
- Planning Section Chief
- Logistics Section Chief
- Finance and Administration Section Chief

Operations Section Chief is responsible for:

- Implementing tactics based on incident objectives
- Organizing, allocating, and directing the strategic resources
- Managing the Staging Area if applicable
- Determining the need to assign resources to support mission objectives

Planning Section Chief

The Planning Section Chief is responsible for:
-Developing plans for incident documentation
-Tracking the status of all resources given to the incident
-Gathering, evaluating, and disseminating situational awareness information
-Developing tactics for demobilization
-Preparing the Incident Action Plan (IAP) and leading the briefing

Logistics Section Chief

The Logistics Section Chief is responsible for:
-Providing communication for planning and establishing resources
-Setting up and maintaining incident facilities
-Organizing food services
-All support needs of the incident such as tracking and responding to resource requests
-Acquiring resources from internal and external sources

Finance and Administration Section Chief

The Finance and Administration Section Chief is responsible for:
-Monitoring personnel time
-Negotiating and monitoring any necessary contracts
-Analyzing costs
-Completing necessary reimbursement documentation related to compensation for injury and damage to
property/ fatalities

TRIAGE
 the sorting of and allocation of treatment to patients and especially battle and disaster victims according to a
system of priorities designed to maximize the number of survivors.
 the sorting of patients (as in an emergency room) according to the urgency of their need for care
 the assigning of priority order to projects on the basis of where funds and other resources can be best used,
are most needed, or are most likely to achieve success

Types of Triage
Emergency department (ED) triage is used to identify patients' level of urgency and treat them based on their
triage level.

Multi casualty incident Triage (MCI) is the assignment of resources based on the initial patient assessment and
consideration of available resources.

International Triage Color Code

Group 8

NDRRMC Situational Reports on Preparedness Measures and Effects

-Emergency broadcast RA 10369
IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10639, ALSO KNOWN AS "AN ACT MANDATING
THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE PROVIDERS TO SEND FREE MOBILE ALERTS IN THE EVENT OF NATURAL AND
MAN-MADE DISASTERS AND CALAMITIES"

Pursuant to Republic Act 10639 entitled " An Act Mandating the Telecommunications Service Providers to Send
Free Mobile Alerts in the Event of Natural and Man-Made Disasters and Calamities", Republic Act 7925, E.O. 546,
series of 1979, and in order to establish and operate a Nationwide Early Warning System that is capable of near
real-time delivery of critical and informational messages like emergency announcements, storm warnings, tsunami
alerts, evacuation directives, and others related to disaster management to active mobile devices in targeted and
specific locations, the following rules and regulations are hereby promulgated:

SECTION 1: COVERAGE
1.1 All Mobile Phone Service Providers operating within the Republic of the Philippines shall adhere to the
requirement prescribed in this Circular.
1.2 Mobile Alerts of emergency and distress related advisories shall conform to this
Circular.

SECTION 2: DEFINITION OF TERMS

Whenever used in these Rules, the following shall refer to:
2.1 Auxiliary mobile phones services - refers to balance inquiry, customer support, prepaid reloading services and
emergency alerts
2.2 Basic mobile phone services - refers to short messaging services (SMS) or text messaging and voice call services
2.3 Commission - refers to the National Telecommunications Commission
2.4 Emergency Alert and Warning Messages - refers to the messages from the Warning Agencies that is hazard
specific, area focused and time bound that is intended to the subscribers

- Sample of Go Bag for 72 hours (Emergency equipment, food and protective wear)
Water
 The Average Person Needs to Consume at a Minimum One (1) Gallon of Fresh, Potable Water Per Day to
Maintain Proper Body Fluid Levels, and Individual Needs Vary.
 1 Gallon/Person/Day x 3 Days (This Does not Include Water for Hygiene or Cooking).
 One (1) Gallon of Water Weighs Approximately Eight (8) Pounds.
 Portable Water Storage Options are Critical.
 Portable Water Treatment Options are Critical.

Food
 Food that Does Not Require Refrigeration, Cooking, Water or Special Preparations is Preferred.
 Food Bars are High Calorie (3,600 Calories), Low Bulk and Weight Options.
 3 3,600 Calorie Bars/Person
 Mainstay

Fire
Ignition Source
 Different Methods to Create Fire
 Magnesium Striker, Bic Lighter, Waterproof Matches (More Than You Plan to Use).
 Fire Tinder
 Materials Guaranteed to Light
 Wetfire, Steel Wool ● Candles
 Waterproof Case to Store These Materials

72-Hour Kit
● Cell Phone (and charger [solar])
● Compass and Maps (specific to your area or planned travel areas) and Waterproof Map-case
● Light Weight Battery Powered or Hand Crank Emergency Radio AM/ FM/Shortwave (NOAA capable)
● Important Documents (Identification, Medical Records, Insurance Policies, Finances, etc.) and Waterproof

Storage Bag
 Thumb Drive
● Notepad and Pencil, Sharpie Marker
● Signal Mirror, Whistle

Medical Supplies
72-Hour Kit
 N95 Mask
 Scissors
 Tweezers
 Petroleum Jelly or Other Lubricant
 Potassium Iodide Tablets
 Prescription Medicines
 Over the Counter Medicines
 First Aid Kit
 Sterile Gloves
 Antibiotic Wipes
 Antibiotic Ointment
 Burn Ointment
 Bandages in a variety of sizes ◦ Eye Wash Solution
 Oral Thermometer

Hygiene
72-Hour Kit
● Wet Ones
● Hand Sanitizer
● Soap
● Toothbrush and Toothpaste
● Toilet Paper
● Small Pack Towel
● Special Needs
● Emergency Blanket

Miscellaneous
● Cash and Personal documents/important information stored in water proof in sealable plastic bag.
Thermometer
A thermometer measures the degree of hotness or coldness of a given substance. It operates on the principle of
thermal expansion of the material used, e.g., liquids like mercury and alcohol, metallic materials, etc. Mercury is
one of the liquids very sensitive to changes of temperature. When the substance to be measured is warm, mercury
expands and rises in the capillary tube. When it cools, mercury contracts.

Maximum-Minimum Thermometer
In order to measure the temperature range, a set of maximum and minimum thermometers are used. A maximum
thermometer has a constriction above the bulb that permits the mercury to rise in the capillary tube but does not
allow it to descend the capillary tube unless the thermometer is reset. The highest point that the mercury reaches
indicates the maximum temperature for the period.

Thermograph
A thermograph is an instrument that records air temperature continuously on graphing paper. It usually consists of
a cylinder made to revolve once each week by means of clockworks inside. A sheet of graph paper is fastened on
the outside. A pen-point that rests on the paper traces the temperature curve, according to the expansion and
contraction of a sensitive metallic coil or strip corresponding to the reading of a thermometer.

Mercurial Barometer
A mercurial barometer is a simple barometer made by filling a glass tube 32 inches long with mercury and inverting
it so that the open end of the tube is below the surface of mercury in a cistern. The height of the mercury column
is measured by sliding a vernier attached on a scale. To obtain accurate measurements, corrections are made for
temperature expansion of the instrument, gravity and latitude. Values are read in millibars, millimeters or inches of
mercury.

Aneroid Barometer
An aneroid barometer is made by removing the air from a thin, circular, metallic box. With practically no air on the
inside the box would collapse. A spring is installed to limit the collapse of the box commensurate to the air
pressure or weight of the column of air on the box. If one side of the box is fixed, the other side will move due to
changes in atmospheric pressure. The surface of the metallic box is corrugated in order for the box to collapse and
return uniformly.

Barograph
A barograph is a recording barometer. The pen point that traces the pressure curve on the paper is made to move
up or down by means of a series of levers attached to aneroid cells (metallic boxes) in tandem. The use of aneroid
cells in tandem provide a more pronounced response to changes in atmospheric pressure than would be indicated
by a single aneroid cell of the same size.

Sling Psychrometer
The sling psychrometer consists of a dry and wet-bulb thermometer. The term bulb refers to that portion of the
glass tube where the mercury is stored. The dry and wet bulbs are exactly alike in construction. The only difference
is that the wet-bulb has a piece of muslin cloth or wick wrapped around its bulb and which is dipped in water
shortly before the psychrometer is read.
Hygrometer
The other instrument used to measure humidity is the Hygrometer. The hygrometer is less accurate than the
psychrometer. It uses human hair from which the oil has been removed by using ether. The hair becomes longer as
the relative humidity of the air increases. This change can be made to move an indicator needle which moves over
a scale, the graduations of which reads from 0% to 100%.

Tipping Bucket Raingauge

The tipping-bucket raingauge is a type of rainfall recording instrument. It is an upright cylinder that has funnel-
shaped collector. The precipitation collected by the collector empties into one side of a "tipping bucket", an
inverted triangular contraption partitioned transversely at its center, and is pivoted about a horizontal axis. Once
one compartment is filled with rain, it tips, spilling out the water and placing the other half of the bucket under the
funnel.

Ceiling Light Projector

A ceiling light projector projects vertically a narrow beam of light on to a cloud base. The height of the cloud base
is determined by using a clinometer located at a known distance from the projector to measure the elevation angle
included by the illuminated spot on the cloud, the observe, and the projector. From trigonometry, the height of
the cloud base is equal to the distance of the observer from the ceiling light projector multiplied by the tangent of
the elevation angle.

Ceiling Balloon
Another way of determining the height of the cloud base is by using a ceiling balloon. A ceiling balloon is a
meteorological balloon whose rate of ascent has been predetermined. It is filled with gas lighter than air, usually
hydrogen, and released. The time of release and the time the balloon disappears into the cloud are recorded. The
time difference multiplied by the rate of ascent will give the height of the cloud base..

Pilot Balloon/Theodolite
A Pilot Balloon is a meteorological balloon that is filled with gas lighter than air. When the pilot balloon is used in
conjunction with a theodolite it is used to determine the speed and direction of winds at different levels of the
atmosphere.

Radiosonde
Radiosonde, an airborne instrument used for measuring pressure, temperature and relative humidity in the upper
air is the radiosonde. he instrument is carried aloft by a meteorological balloon inflated with hydrogen. The
radiosonde has a built-in high frequency transmitter that transmits data from the radiosonde meter and recorded
on the ground by a specially designed radiosonde receiver.

Rawinsonde
A more sophisticated version of this instrument is the rawindsonde. The rawindsonde is an electronic device used
for measuring wind velocity, pressure, temperature and humidity aloft. It is also attached to a balloon and as it
rises through the atmosphere, it makes the required measurements.
Rawin
Another special instrument is the Rawin which is short for Radar and Wind. It is an electronic device that measures
pressure, temperature and humidity.

Wind Finding Radar

Another instrument is the Wind Finding Radar. It determines the speed and direction of winds aloft by means of
radar echoes. A radar target is attached to a balloon and it is this target that is tracked by ground radar. The
bearing and time of interval of the echoes is evaluated by a receiver.

Weather Surveillance Radar

A Weather Surveillance Radar is of the long range type which detects and tracks typhoons and cloud masses at
distance of 400 kilometers or less. This radar has a rotating antenna disk preferably mounted on top of a building
free from any physical obstruction. Radio energy emitted by the transmitter and focused by the antenna shoots
outward through the atmosphere in a narrow beam. The cloud mass, whether it is part of a typhoon or not,
reflects a small fraction of the energy back to the antenna. This reflected energy is amplified and displayed visually
on a radar scope.

● PAGASA DOST Functions:

Function (Executive Order No. 123; January 1987)
• Maintains a nationwide network pertaining to observation and forecasting of weather and flood and
other conditions affecting national safety, welfare and economy;
• Undertake activities relative to observation, collection, assessment and processing of atmospheric and
allied data for the benefit of agriculture, commerce and industry;
• Engage in studies of geophysical and astronomical phenomena essential to the safety and welfare of the
people;
• Undertake researches on the structure, development and motion of typhoons and formulate measures
for their moderation; and
• Maintain effective linkages with scientific organizations here and abroad and promote exchange of
scientific information and cooperation among personnel engaged in atmospheric, geophysical, astronomical and
space studies.

Product & Services

Weather Forecast &Tropical Cyclone Warning
• 24-Hr Public Weather Forecast issued twice daily and 4-day Extended Weather Outlook for Selected Cities
• 5-day Weather Outlook for Selected Tourist Areas
• Severe Weather Bulletins: 6-hourly Tropical Cyclone Warnings
• Hourly Tropical Cyclone Update
• Shipping forecasts & Tropical Cyclone Warning for Shipping
• Gale Warning
• Storm Surge Warning
• Aviation Meteorological Se4rvices through Access to the World Area Forecast System (WAFS)
• Rainfall Warning system
• Thunderstorm Alert System
Flood Forecasting & Warning Services
• Basin Flood Bulletins for Telemetered Basins and General Flood Advisories for the Non-Telemetered
• Dam Discharge Warning Information during Spilling Operation of the Monitored dams
• Community-Based Flood Early Warning System
• Daily hydrological forecasts during Non-Flood Watch

Climatological & Farm Weather Services

• Daily Farm Weather Forecast & Advisories
• 10-day Regional Agro-climatic Weather & Advisories
• 10-day Philippine Agro-climatic Review & Outlook
• El Niño/La Niña Watch/Advisory and Information
• Monitoring and Prediction of Seasonal Rainfall
• Climate Projections for Climate Change Adaptation Activities

Research and Development

• Conduct of R&D on Hydrometeorology, Tropical Meteorology, Weather Modification, Meteorological and
Surges and other related hazards
• Conduct of Seminars/Workshops on Meteorological & Hydro-meteorological Hazards
• Conduct of Seminar for Science Teachers on Basic Astronomy
• Public Information Drive for the target areas of monitored Dams
• Conduct of Flood Drills
• Conduct of Annual Media Seminar-Workshops on PAGASA Services
• Conduct of Annual Typhoon and Flood Awareness Week
• Participation in Special Events like Exhibitions, School Celebration and other government and non-
government organizations
• Development of PAGASA print materials and non-print materials (flyers, brochures, posters and exhibit
display materials)

Astronomical Services
• Philippine Standard Time (PST)
• Promotion of Astronomy through Stargazing/Telescoping Sessions and Planetarium Shows
• Planetarium tour in selected areas in Luzon

CENTER FOR RESEARCH ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DISASTERS (CRED)

THE TEAM
CRED's multinational and multidisciplinary team includes experts in medicine and public health, informatics and
database management, psychology, nutritional sciences, sociology, economics and geography.

Quaratine act of 2004

Bureau of Quarantine - Twelfth Congress Third Regular Session

Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-eight day of July, two thousand and three.
REPUBLIC ACT No. 9271
AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE REGULATORY CAPACITY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH IN QUARANTINE AND
INTERNATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 123 OF 1947, AS
AMENDED
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippine Congress Assembled:

SECTION 1. Title. – This Act shall be known as the "Quarantine Act of 2004."
SEC. 2. The Bureau of Quarantine. - The Bureau of Quarantine under the Department of Health (DOH), with the
category of a first-class line bureau, shall have a nationwide scope of function and international commitment in
accord with the International Health Regulations (IHR) of the World Health Organization (WHO).

SEC. 3. Jurisdiction and Functions of the Bureau. - The examination at ports of entry and exit in the Philippines of
incoming and outgoing vessels and aircraft, the necessary surveillance over their sanitary conditions, as well as
over their cargoes, passengers, crews, and all personal effects, and the issuance of quarantine certificates, bills of
health, or other equivalent documents shall be vested in and be conducted by the Bureau. This Bureau shall have
authority over incoming and outgoing vessels both domestic and foreign, including those of the army and navy,
their wharfage and anchorage, and over aircraft and airports, insofar as it is necessary for the proper enforcement
of the provisions of this Act.

SEC. 4. Authority to Promulgate and Enforce Rules and Regulations and Provide Penalties for Their Violations. –
(a) The Director of the Bureau with the approval of the Secretary of Health, is authorized to promulgate and
enforce rules and regulations as in his judgment are necessary to prevent the introduction, transmission
or spread of "public health emergencies of international concern" from foreign countries into the
Philippines or from one (1) domestic seaport/airport to another. For purposes of implementing these
regulations, the Director of the Bureau may provide intervention strategies such as health education and
advisories, inspections, fumigation, disinfection, pest extermination, vaccination for international travel,
medical examination of aliens/foreigners for immigration purposes and destruction of animals or articles
found to be infected or contaminated as to be sources of infection to human beings in coordination with
other concerned quarantine agencies such as veterinary quarantine, plant quarantine, etc. and other
measures as in his judgment may be necessary.

(b) Regulations prescribed under this section shall provide for the apprehension, detention or surveillance for
the purpose of preventing the introduction, transmission or spread of such public health emergencies of
international concern as may be specified from time to time in Department Orders by the Secretary of
Health upon the recommendation of the international health surveillance.

(c) Whenever it is deemed necessary for the protection of the public health of the nation from public health
emergencies of international concern, immunization and other preventable measures against these
diseases shall be mandatory on all persons arriving at any seaport/airport of entry in the Philippines.

(d) The Secretary of Health upon the recommendation of the Director of the Bureau may prescribe
examination of any individual believed to be infected with a disease of international concern on board
vessels and aircraft entering any seaport or airport in the Philippines

SEC. 5. Prohibition of Entry of Hazardous Cargo and Materials. - Whenever the Director of the Bureau determines
that there is an existence of any public health emergency of international concern in a foreign country and that
there is imminent danger of the introduction of hazardous cargoes or materials into the Philippines, he, in
coordination with the Bureau of Customs and other concerned agencies, may recommend to the President,
through the Secretary of Health, the prohibition of its entry for public health interest.

SEC. 6. Quarantine Stations. - The Director of the Bureau shall control, direct and manage all quarantine stations,
grounds and anchorages, and designate their boundaries. With the approval of Secretary of Health, he shall
establish such additional quarantine station, grounds and anchorages if, in his judgment, these are necessary to
prevent the introduction of diseases of international concern into the country. The Director, in the same manner
may also order the closure of non-functional quarantine stations, grounds and anchorages.

SEC. 7. Quarantine Documents/Clearances of Vessels and Aircraft. -

(a) All vessels or aircraft from foreign ports arriving at any port of the Philippines shall be required to submit the
required maritime declaration of health/general declaration and other documents as prescribed by the
regulations.

(b) All ocean-going vessels or international aircraft from foreign seaports/airports calling at any seaport or airport
in the Philippines to disembark its passengers or discharge its cargo, or for other purposes must secure a
quarantine clearance in compliance with the health regulations. This quarantine certificate/clearance (Pratique)
shall be a prerequisite to customs clearance.

(c) After compliance with the quarantine laws and regulations, all vessels or aircraft leaving any seaport or airport
of the Philippines shall secure quarantine outgoing clearance. This certificate/clearance shall also be a prerequisite
to customs clearance of outgoing vessels and aircraft.

SEC. 8. Penalties. -
(a) Any person who violates any regulation prescribed in this Act shall forfeit to the Bureau of Quarantine a fine
of not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) but not more than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) or be
imprisoned for not more than one (1) year or both at the discretion of the court of competent jurisdiction.

(b) Any vessel or aircraft that violates any provision of this Act shall forfeit to the Bureau of Quarantine a fine of
not less than One Hundred Thousand pesos (P100,000.00) but not more than Five Hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00).

SEC. 9. Authority to Utilize Income. - The Bureau of Quarantine shall be authorized to use at least fifty percent
(50%) of the income generated subject to accounting and auditing rules and regulation

SEC. 10. Implementing Rules and Regulations. - The DOH shall promulgate the implementing rules and regulations
of this Act within sixty (60) days after the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 11. Separability Clause. - In the event any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any
person or circumstances is declared invalid, the remainder of this Act or the application of said provisions to other
persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.

SEC. 12. Repealing Clause. – Republic Act No. 123 of 1947, as amended, and all acts and regulations regarding
foreign and local quarantine not consistent with this Act are hereby repealed.
SEC. 13. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in at least two (2) national
newspapers of general circulation.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 123 OF 1947

Prohibition of Entry of Hazardous Cargo and Materials

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6969

AN ACT TO CONTROL TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTES, PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR
VIOLATIONS THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

SECTION 1. Short Title. — This Act shall be known as the “Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes
Control Act of 1990.”

SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. — It is the policy of the State to regulate, restrict or prohibit the importation,
manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present
unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment; to prohibit the entry, even in transit, of hazardous
and nuclear wastes and their disposal into the Philippine territorial limits for whatever purpose; and to provide
advancement and facilitate research and studies on toxic chemicals.

SECTION 3. Scope. — This Act shall cover the importation, manufacture, processing, handling, storage,
transportation, sale, distribution, use and disposal of all unregulated chemical substances and mixtures in the
Philippines, including the entry, even in transit, as well as the keeping or storage and disposal of hazardous and
nuclear wastes into the country for whatever purpose.

SECTION 4. Objectives. — The objectives of this Act are:

a) To keep an inventory of chemicals that are presently being imported, manufactured, or used, indicating,
among others, their existing and possible uses, test data, names of firms manufacturing or using them,
and such other information as may be considered relevant to the protection of health and the
environment;

b) To monitor and regulate the importation, manufacture, processing, handling, storage, transportation,
sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk or
injury to health or to the environment in accordance with national policies and international
commitments;

c) To inform and educate the populace regarding the hazards and risks attendant to the manufacture,
handling, storage, transportation, processing, distribution, use and disposal of toxic chemicals and other
substances and mixtures; and

d) To prevent the entry, even in transit, as well as the keeping or storage and disposal of hazardous and
nuclear wastes into the country for whatever purpose.

SECTION 5. Definition. — As used in this Act:

 a) Chemical substance means any organic or inorganic substance of a particular molecular identity,
including:
b) Chemical mixture means any combination of two or more chemical substances if the combination does
not occur in nature and is not, in whole or in part, the result of a chemical reaction, if none of the
chemical substances comprising the combination is a new chemical substance and if the combination
could have been manufactured for commercial purposes without a chemical reaction at the time the
chemical substances comprising the combination were combined. This shall include nonbiodegradable
mixtures.
c) Process means the preparation of a chemical substance or mixture after its manufacture for commercial
distribution:
d) Importation means the entry of a product or substance into the Philippines (through the seaports or
airports of entry) after having been properly cleared through or still remaining under customs control, the
product or substance of which is intended for direct consumption, merchandising, warehousing, or for
further processing.
e) Manufacture means the mechanical or chemical transformation of substances into new products whether
work is performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is done in a factory or in the worker’s
home, and whether the products are sold at wholesale or retail.
f) Unreasonable risk means expected frequency of undesirable effects or adverse responses arising from a
given exposure to a substance.
g) Hazardous substances are substances which present either: Short-term acute hazards, such as acute
toxicity by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption, corrosivity or other skin or eye contact hazards or the
risk of fire or explosion.
h) Hazardous wastes are hereby defined as substances that are without any safe commercial, industrial,
agricultural or economic usage and are shipped, transported or brought from the country of origin for
dumping or disposal into or in transit through any part of the territory of the Philippines.
i) Hazardous wastes shall also refer to by-products, side-products, process residues, spent reaction media,
contaminated plant or equipment or other substances from manufacturing operations, and as consumer
discards of manufactured products.
j) Nuclear wastes are hazardous wastes made radioactive by exposure to the radiation incidental to the
production or utilization of nuclear fuels but does not include nuclear fuel, or radioisotopes which have
reached the final stage of fabrication so as to be usable for any scientific, medical, agricultural,
commercial, or industrial purpose.

SECTION 6. Functions, Powers and Responsibilities of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. —
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources shall be the implementing agency tasked with the
following functions, powers, and responsibilities:

a) To keep an updated inventory of chemicals that are presently being manufactured or used, indicating,
among others, their existing and possible uses, quantity, test data, names of firms manufacturing or using
them, and such other information as the Secretary may consider relevant to the protection of health and
the environment;
b) To require chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk or injury to health or to the
environment to be tested before they are manufactured or imported for the first time;
c) To require chemical substances and mixtures which are presently being manufactured or processed to be
tested if there is a reason to believe that they pose unreasonable risk or injury to health or the
environment;
 d) To evaluate the characteristics of chemicals that have been tested to determine their toxicity and the
extent of their effects on health and the environment;

e) To enter into contracts and make grants for research, development, and monitoring of chemical
substances and mixtures;

f) To conduct inspection of any establishment in which chemicals are manufactured, processed, stored or
held before or after their commercial distribution and to make recommendations to the proper
authorities concerned;

g) To confiscate or impound chemicals found not falling within the standard set by the rules and regulations
and the said acts cannot be enjoined except after the chemicals have been impounded;

h) To monitor and prevent the entry, even in transit, of hazardous and nuclear wastes and their disposal into
the country;

i) To subpoena witnesses and documents and to require other information if necessary to carry out the
provisions of this Act;

j) To call on any department, bureau, office, agency, state university or college, and other instrumentalities
of the Government for assistance in the form of personnel, facilities, and other resources as the need
arises in the discharge of its functions;

k) To disseminate information and conduct educational awareness campaigns on the effects of chemical
substances, mixtures and wastes on health and environment; and

l) To exercise such powers and perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out its duties and
responsibilities under this Act.

SECTION 7. Inter-Agency Technical Advisory Council. — There is hereby created an Inter-Agency Technical
Advisory Council attached to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources which shall be composed of
the following officials or their duly authorized representatives.