LYCEUM-NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

Dagupan City, Pangasinan

ADVANCED FIELD BIOLOGY

NAME: JULIE ANN P. BALICHA DATE: APRIL 29, 2023

PRESENTER: TOLENTINO, CHRISTINE JOY G. PROFESSOR: DR. ESMIE T. AGPALO

BIODIVERSITY

1. How can biodiversity be protected?

• Inspiring people and communities to adopt sustainable behaviors.
Rare engages smallholder farmers and small-scale fishers in mobilizing their communities to
improve land and fisheries management and reduce pressure on agriculture and fisheries.

• Fish Forever inspires fishers to shift towards more sustainable fishing practices that
protect biodiversity and ecosystems, like coral reefs and mangrove forests
• Lands for Life equips farmers with techniques, such as composting and cover cropping,
to reduce their impact.
• Building resource management capacity.
• Fish Forever works with fishing communities and their local governments to create
networks of fully-protected and community-led no-take marine reserves that replenish
and sustain fish populations and protect critical habitat
• Lands for Life trains and build capacity in public and private agricultural extension
service agents to improve how they interact with farmers and ensures new practices
have staying power.
2. What factors affect an area's biodiversity? Explain how these factors affect biodiversity.
The key factors affecting biodiversity are as follows:

• Pollution
Air pollution is harmful to humans and other living beings. It affects the respiratory system and health,
including changes in spawning ability and behaviour. Massive emissions of greenhouse gases such
as nitric oxide, carbon dioxide, and methane rapidly change the Earth’s climate.

Water pollution has adversely affected biodiversity. Chemical fertilisers generally contain nitrogen and
phosphorus, which are added to the soil to increase crop productivity. These then flow down to the
lakes and water bodies and pollute them.

Soil pollution is another factor that negatively impacts biodiversity. Soil contaminated with heavy
metals has a great impact on the health of microorganisms essential for sustaining the life of living
organisms.
 • Climate change
Global warming is a long-term rise in the Earth’s average temperature over the past two centuries.
This increase in the temperature is due to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and
other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Global warming has led to changes in the climate of
regions as it has disturbed the cycle of seasons.

• Habitat loss
Habitat destruction is the massive destruction of a species’ natural habitat, making it impossible to
maintain its native ecosystem and species. This ultimately leads to the extinction of the species.
Deforestation is the main reason for this extinction. Forests are cleared to create residential and
commercial areas, resulting in the loss of habitat to a large extent.

• Natural disasters
Droughts, floods and storms damage ecosystems and destroy habitats and food. They may also
change the food web, making it difficult for plants and animals to repopulate the area. Droughts can
also rapidly destroy vast areas and promote fires that can seriously damage biodiversity. Natural
disasters such as volcanoes, forest fires, floods, hurricanes, droughts, plagues and tsunamis can be
devastating to biodiversity.