Sounding Rocket Lab

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SpaceGem Pvt. Ltd. Page 1 of 12

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Proposal for skill training in Aerospace Sector Issue No: 01
Internal Report No.: SPACEGEM / PROP / 12 / 2022 Classification : Classified
Issue No.: 01 Control Status: Restricted
Month of Issue : December ’2022
Proposal for skill training in Aerospace

Sector
Sounding Rocket Lab
Kartik Guduru,
C.E.O
Approved by
Jason Joseph,
C.T.O
SPACEGEM Private Limited

December 2022
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PREFACE
PROMOTING SPACE RESEARCH ECO-SYSTEM
A mix of theory and practical courses focusing on skilling students in the

emerging technologies associated with space research.
Setting up of a Sounding Rocket Lab with all infrastructure and experimental
setup to impart world class skill-based training.
Keywords
Space Research, Sounding Rockets, Space Technology, Space Consultancy.
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CONTENTS
Contents
PROMOTING SPACE RESEARCH ECO-SYSTEM .......................................... 2
1. ABOUT US ................................................................................................................ 5
2. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 6
3. PROPULSION - DESIGN AND FABRICATION ................................................... 7
4. MECHANICAL SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 10
5. MATERIAL SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING -TESTING .......................... 12
6. AVIONICS SYSTEMS ........................................................................................... 14
7. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 16
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DISTRIBUTION LIST
Copy No Issued to
1 C.E.O
2 C.T.O
3 PROJECT MANAGER
4 ASSAM SKILL UNIVERSITY *
*
COPYRIGHT © 2021 All Rights Reserved by SPACEGEM Pvt. Ltd.
NON - DISTRIBUTION / DISCLOSURE
Parties will not disclose or use any confidential information for any purpose other
than that set out in the oral agreement. (Operating in Good Faith)
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1. ABOUT US
SPACEGEM TECHNOLOGY CONSULTANCY consists of a seasoned bunch of space

professionals with about 15 years of experience in the space sector. Our expertise includes all
stages of design, development and production of space products like satellites and launch
vehicles.
We also can provide specialized insights in the field of Intellectual Property for the space
industry. We have expertise in providing design support and simulation guidance for various
stages of the launch vehicle development.
We have a team of experts with us who can help in quality requirements. Especially,
introduction of proper testing requirements and the inspection requirements.
We provide Insights into Space Laws which are fascinating and Futuristic.
The rapidly progressing space industry demands IoT solutions modelled in the form of
Industry 4.0. We provide consultancy services when it comes to setup of space industries. We
Make easy design evaluations by employing the latest methods in product visualization and
integration.
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2. INTRODUCTION
We offer to set up an Industrial Laboratory which will impart skilled knowledge to educate
and train high school / Undergraduate level students towards skilful employment. SpaceGem
Consultancy Services intends to offer high technology and demand driven modular courses
on Sounding Rocket Technology.
Industry 4.0 setup will be employed in the lab. The allotted space should be designed for
delivery of all lessons & practical classes.
This project is a turnkey project where we will be responsible for the supply of the
technological product / lab Hardware and software, commissioning of the lab along with
Training of institute personnel & faculties.
It will be state-of-the-art and relevant to the industry and will cater to the current and
futuristic requirements. The industry 4.0 enabled sounding rocket Lab will be an
interdisciplinary endeavour focused on developing skill excellence in the field of Propulsion,
Mechanical systems, Manufacturing, Avionics, Assembly & Integration and Testing. We
assure that we will meet the challenges to educate and train high school/undergraduate level
students towards skilful employment in space sector.
The Lab has 3 core stages:
1) EXPERIENCE – Space systems technology and hands on sounding rocket training on

high end systems powered by IOT setup where students and participants can
experience live learning.
2) LEARN - Learn the basics on how to conceptualise, plan the flow and develop these
interactive experiments. Consume learning content on the go with tracking and get a
certificate at the end.
3) CREATE - Create experiences and showcase to peers (prototyping, manufacturing,
integrating & testing). See how well their concepts fare with respect to their peers.
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3. PROPULSION - DESIGN AND FABRICATION
The loud rumble of the engines. The sparks shooting from boosters. The steam rising from
the ground as a structure weighing in at approximately 2,000 tons lifts off and escapes our
atmosphere to enter the vastness of space!
Many of us have been awed by a rocket or a space shuttle launch, but we don't often think
about the process and technology required. We may have heard the term 'rocket propulsion,'
but we might not quite understand everything that's involved in getting a rocket or shuttle
through the earth's atmosphere and into space.
When rockets leave the launch pad, they need a lot of power to lift them off the ground.
Accomplishing this feat, however, isn't easy when you consider that rockets can weigh
upwards of 4.4 million pounds. Because of this massive weight, rockets have to rely on a
powerful propulsion system. Rocket propulsion is the process that uses force to move a
rocket off the ground and into the atmosphere.
Most forms of propulsion in rockets involve a chemical source of fuel, propulsion engineers
need to have a strong grasp of knowledge in chemistry along with strong mechanical skills in
order to successfully design, realise and qualify the moving and unmoving parts of an
engine.
The phase state and temperature of the stored chemical source is a big factor with regards to
storage and energy impulse performance of the rocket. Five kinds of propulsion system
namely, solid, liquid, cryogenic or hybrid.
The solid propulsion system contains fuel and oxidizer in solid form and can generate high
thrust at the cost of thrust efficiency measured as specific impulse. They are generally low
cost and can be easily assembled in less time.
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The key features of propulsion

1. Understand the basics of propulsion, working principles of reciprocating engines,
flash and fire point, and kinematic and dynamic viscosity of fuels
2. Knowledge about the mechanical efficiency of axial compressors, work, power, thrust
requirements of a gas turbine and efficiency and performance diagrams.
3. Calculation of thermal, propulsive efficiency of gas turbine, work output of axial

turbine and nozzle performance.
4. Understand the calorific values of different fuels, coefficient of convection heat

transfer, and calculation of propeller efficiency.
5. The laboratory facilitates various experiments related to combustion, multiphase flow,

propulsion and thermal engineering. The students can work with many flows, pressure
and temperature measuring sensors/associated data acquisition systems of industrial
standards for their experiments.
6. Compressible flow test rig permits study and characterization of flow through turbo
machine rotors and subsonic nozzles.
SpaceGem provides the skills to develop and realise such a propulsion system with content
that trains skills as per standards followed in Space Industries such as ISRO and NASA.
Our programme is divided into two phases which deals with design and realisation of a solid
propulsion system. The first part consists of the design and performance diagnostics of a
small solid rocket motor. We provided theoretical courses in design philosophy and practical
courses in performance measurement. The second part contains the fabrication and assembly
of the system.
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Our Skill development program format is listed below:

1. Theory: Introduction and Prerequisites
2. Theory: Solid rocket motor design
3. Theory: Nozzle Design
4. Theory: Design Analysis and Simulation
5. Theory: Production and realisation standards
6. Practical: Production of rocket motor-Part1
7. Practical: Production of rocket motor-Part2
8. Practical: Production of nozzle and motor casing
9. Practical: Assembly of the full system
10. Practical: Sensors and Instrumentation for performance measurement
11. Practical: Performance evaluation by conducting static tests-Part1
12. Practical: Performance evaluation by conducting static tests-Part2
We will establish the following laboratories to enhance the research in such a system while
also delivering advanced skills required in today's space age.
1. Fabrication and processing lab of solid rocket motor
2. Assembly lab for mechanical systems
3. Testing bay
4. Instrumentation and control system lab
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4. MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
A mechanical system is a set of physical components that convert an input motion and force
into a desired output motion and forces that mechanical systems often comprise of a number
of subsystems.
Design of mechanical systems is a complex activity that combines creativity, scientific and
engineering knowledge and is based on team work, high-tech communication, proper
management, interpersonal relations, stable supply chain, appropriate means of
manufacturing, and so on.
Various models of the design process demonstrate that it is iterative, meaning that depending
on the results obtained on each step, the designer may need and is capable of going back to
previous steps for additional research, analysis or design revision. Mechanical systems have
at least three elements: input, process and output.
1. The input part of the system is any type of motion and force that drives the
mechanical system. The input motion and force may be from any power source
including human effort, energy from the wind, water, heat etc., from a chemical
reaction or from an electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic device.
2. The process part of the system is where mechanisms are used to convert the input
motion and force into an output motion and force.
3. The output is the change created in the input motion and force by the mechanism.
Our aim at SpaceGem is to enable students to learn about mechanisms and mechanical
systems so that they may solve problems and make products that include mechanisms.
We have resources consisting of Flash animations, HTML and PDF teaching resources and a
PDF lesson plan. The teaching resources cover the topics detailed in the learning objectives
and include an interactive exercise about the systems and subsystems found on a system. The
lesson plan guides the teaching of mechanisms, systems and control.
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The lesson plan suggests a teaching methodology of Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP).
The introductory lesson consists of a lead-in, presentation, controlled practice, free practice,
production, review and follow on activities. The lesson plan will guide students through
activities that help them to develop a thorough understanding of mechanisms and mechanical
systems. Students will be able to apply their knowledge to design and build mechanical
systems using mechanisms kits and/or mechanical components and resistant materials.
Stages Included
1) Lead in
2) Presentation
3) Controlled practical section
4) Free practical section
5) Production
6) Review
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5. MATERIAL SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING -TESTING
India is making giant strides in the field of manufacturing with its MAKE IN INDIA
campaign. Space applications manufacturing and testing has got a vast emerging market.
With the privatisation drive in the aerospace sector, it is expected that in the years to come
there will be a lucrative demand for technicians and engineers trained in high precision
aerospace manufacturing.
The Aerospace Manufacturing Technology curriculum prepares individuals to assemble,

fabricate, manufacture, repair, and inspect spacecraft structures in an industrial setting.
Coursework includes production procedures, quality assurance, workplace safety, aerospace
standards and spacecraft structures assembly and repair.
The lab provides students experiential learning with the nature and technique of
manufacturing processes. Students can set up and operate machines, manufacture parts,
measure process variables, and inspect manufactured parts.
Skills acquired from time in the lab are integrated with prior and subsequent learning of other
engineering topics such as engineering materials and quality planning and control.
The Lab is also instrumental for research needs—not only in the research of manufacturing
processes but other facets of engineering as well. Students and faculty can utilise the facility
for research as well as for fabrication of research equipment and experiments.
SpaceGem would provide world class theory modules to train technicians and engineers in
the intricacies of space applications manufacturing. This theoretical study will be
complemented by appropriate hands-on training at aerospace manufacturing companies
which are of high competency and have been providing manufacturing support to reputed
organisations like ISRO and DRDO.
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Once trained in high precision aerospace application manufacturing, these trainees will also
be in high demand in the general manufacturing sectors like automotive, robotics and defence
etc.
The principles of aerospace manufacturing will be imparted to the students via taking them
through an end-to-end journey of manufacturing an entire sounding rocket.
Sounding rockets having orbital injection capability will be highly in demand due to the
emergence of nano and Pico satellite payloads. Many start-up and employment opportunities
lie ahead for a trainee who is well acquainted with the manufacturing cycle of sounding
rockets.
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6. AVIONICS SYSTEMS
Lifting off the launch pad with over 8 million pounds of thrust and reaching space soaring at
speeds of almost 25,000 miles per hour in just over 8 minutes requires more than power -- it
requires brains. The huge hardware being built for NASA’s new 322-foot-tall deep space
rocket, the Space Launch System (SLS), often grabs the spotlight, but the “brains” of the
rocket -- the avionics and software that will guide the rocket’s flight -- direct all that power.
Avionics are the electrical systems necessary for flight and are driven by software to tell the
rocket where it should go, and how it should pivot the engines to keep on the right trajectory.
To achieve this, a spacecraft actually has several “brains” distributed throughout its various
components. All systems communicate with each other as well as with the Orion spacecraft
avionics and command systems.
Avionics Systems are composed of multiple subsystems which require a wide variety of
skills. Even building a bare minimum Avionics system in a sounding rocket will consist of
RF modules for tracking and telemetry. Navigation modules within a rocket to determine its
orientation and position. Power management for providing adequate power to various
subsystems. Relays for any mechanism which need to be triggered. Actuators if any control
system is to be implemented.
All of these in its simplest forms are often done by students and interns and prepare them
with skills applicable in multiple industrial domains outside of space industry like:
1) Digital design: FPGA programming, Embedded programming, Experience
with microprocessors.
2) Control System design.
3) Power Systems
4) Instrumentation and testing.
5) An understanding of communication systems
6) An understanding of RADAR tracking.
Moreover, any payloads and sensors which are included in the rocket and analysis of that data
on the ground systems also require a similar multidomain approach of problem solving.
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Avionics technicians perform multiple tasks in a single day, from interpreting electrical
drawings to physically repairing damaged or faulty equipment on a spacecraft . Their duties
may vary depending on the type of project they focus on, as general maintenance duties differ
significantly from that of large-scale repairs and construction. Duties also differ depending on
the type of specialism an avionics technician focuses on. Specialisms include
communications, instrumentation, radar, sensor, simulation, satellite and electronics.
Through our project the students will be familiarised with the avionics system and testing.
Through the resources we provide students will get more knowledge in these sections.
Students will be able to learn about the key requirements, duties and skills that should be in
the field of avionics.
They will able to work in aircraft and spacecraft to install , inspect, test and repair the avionic
equipment and electronics including radios, navigation systems, and control systems. And get
practical knowledge in digital design, control system design, power systems, RADAR
tracking etc.
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7. CONCLUSION
Skilled human resources are vital for inclusive growth. Skill development is not an isolated
phenomenon. Skill development has to be an integral part of education. Lack of education
and lack of skill is a pandemic that we need to overcome in the current scenario.
A laboratory is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or

technological research, experiments and measurement may be performed. It will help to learn
a variety of lab work with a variety of machines and equipment; therefore, students who are
using lab facilities will be familiarised with the various machines and equipment. And it will
lead to an improved knowledge towards skilful employment.
In this proposal we are planning to implement an industrial laboratory, which will impart
skilled knowledge in the above mentioned field of areas to educate and train high
school/undergraduate level students towards skilful employment.

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SpaceGem Pvt. Ltd. Page 1 of 12

Proposal for skill training in Aerospace

Sounding Rocket Lab

SPACEGEM Private Limited

PROMOTING SPACE RESEARCH ECO-SYSTEM

A mix of theory and practical courses focusing on skilling students in the

SPACEGEM TECHNOLOGY CONSULTANCY consists of a seasoned bunch of space

The Lab has 3 core stages:

1) EXPERIENCE – Space systems technology and hands on sounding rocket training on

3. PROPULSION - DESIGN AND FABRICATION

The key features of propulsion

3. Calculation of thermal, propulsive efficiency of gas turbine, work output of axial

4. Understand the calorific values of different fuels, coefficient of convection heat

5. The laboratory facilitates various experiments related to combustion, multiphase flow,

Our Skill development program format is listed below:

5. MATERIAL SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING -TESTING

The Aerospace Manufacturing Technology curriculum prepares individuals to assemble,

A laboratory is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or

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