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Drawing upon over 40 years of experience, the authors of Statistics, 11th Edition provide
students with a clear and methodical approach to essential statistical procedures. The text
clearly explains the basic concepts and procedures of descriptive and inferential statistical
analysis. It features an emphasis on expressions involving sums of squares and degrees of
freedom as well as a strong stress on the importance of variability. This accessible approach will
help students tackle such perennially mystifying topics as the standard deviation, variance
interpretation of the correlation coefficient, hypothesis tests, degrees of freedom, p-values, and
estimates of effect size.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface iv
Acknowledgments vi
1 Introduction 3
Summary 20
Important Terms 21
Review Questions 21
2.2 Guidelines 29
2.3 Outliers 34
Graphs 40
Summary 50
Important Terms 52
Review Questions 53
3.1 Mode 60
3.2 Median 61
3.3 Mean 63
Summary 70
Important Terms 70
Key Equation 71
Review Questions 71
4 Describing Variability 75
4.2 Range 78
4.3 Variance 78
Summary 95
Important Terms 96
Key Equations 97
Review Questions 97
Summary 124
Summary 149
7 Regression 155
Summary 175
Probability 188
Summary 197
Summary 217
Summary 232
Summary 261
Summary 277
Summary 291
14.8 Estimating Effect Size: Point Estimates and Confidence Intervals 311
14.9 Estimating Effect Size: Cohen’s d 314
Summary 320
Summary 343
Summary 376
Summary 399
Summary 429
One-Variable X2 Test 436
19.5 X2 Test 440
Two-Variable X2 Test 443
19.10 X2 Test 448
Summary 455
Summary 476
Appendices 489
C Tables 535
D Glossary 549
Index 556