RIFT VALLEY TECHNICAL TRAINING INSTITUTE ATTACHMENT REPORT

NAME: SHALINE JELAGAT

ADM. NO: 121R01525

DEPARTMENT: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

COURSE: DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING (POWER OPTION)

SUPERVISOR: FRANCIS KEMBOI

DURATION: 3 MONTHS

COMMENCED: 6TH SEPTEMBER

COMPLETED: 8TH NOVEMBER

ORGANIZATION: UASIN GISHU COUNTY

HOD: MADAM KUTO

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 DECLARATION

This report is my original work and has not been presented in any institution for any certification

Sign:……………………………….. Date:………………………………………

Name: SHALINE JELAGAT ADM NO: 121R01525

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 PLAGIARISM DECLARATION

I declare that I have read and understood Rift Valley Technical Training Institute Examination rules and
regulations.

I do understand that ignorance of these rules and regulations is not an excuse for violation of the said
rules.

I understand that I must do my own work.

I also understand that if I commit any act of academic dishonesty like plagiarism, my report/project
can be assigned a failed grade and face the prescribed consequences.

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 DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to Almighty God for His continued blessings, teachers, supervisor and my
parents who have continued to support me all through.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to sincerely thank my supervisor, Mr. Kemboi for his valuable support in attachment placement
and in report preparation. I also wish to thank the Principal of RVTTI, for giving me an opportunity to
undertake my attachment.

I also wish to thank my assessor, Mr. Marete, for good guidance and support.

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 ABSTRACT

The main aim of compiling this report is intended primarily to bring out the skills learned
during the industrial attachment and arouse the interests of the undergraduate engineers in
the aspect of electrical engineering. The content of the report mainly focuses on the practical
experience acquired during the entire period of training. It is aimed at helping others
understand engineering more comprehensively through solving field related problems.

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Contents
List of abbreviations.............................................................................................................................- 8 -
CHAPTER ONE......................................................................................................................................- 9 -
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE...........................................................................................................- 9 -
.........................................................................................................................................................- 9 -
.........................................................................................................................................................- 9 -
.........................................................................................................................................................- 9 -
CHAPTER TWO...................................................................................................................................- 10 -
DEPARTMENTS IN THE ORGANIZATION........................................................................................- 10 -
CHIEF OFFICER ROADS TRANSPORT ENERGY AND PUBLIC WORKS............................................- 10 -
DIRECTOR ROADS AND TRANSPORT...........................................................................................- 10 -
DIRECTOR ADMINISTRATION.....................................................................................................- 10 -
DIRECTOR ENERGY.....................................................................................................................- 10 -
DIRECTOR PUBLIC WORKS..........................................................................................................- 10 -
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT.........................................................................................................- 10 -
OBJECTIVES OF ESTABLISHING THE ORGANIZATION..................................................................- 10 -
METHODOLOGY USED IN REPORT WRITING.................................................................................- 11 -
OBSERVATION............................................................................................................................- 11 -
DISCUSSION................................................................................................................................- 11 -
PARTICIPATION..........................................................................................................................- 11 -
CHAPTER THREE.................................................................................................................................- 12 -
MOTORS........................................................................................................................................- 12 -
Types of motors.........................................................................................................................- 12 -
METHOD OF STARTING MOTOR.................................................................................................- 12 -
Operation...................................................................................................................................- 12 -
POWER AND CONTROL CIRCUIT.................................................................................................- 12 -
GENERAL SHIFT..............................................................................................................................- 13 -
Installation of street lights..........................................................................................................- 13 -
Installation and working principle of a photocell.......................................................................- 13 -
Installation and working of timers..............................................................................................- 13 -
CHALLENGES FACED AT UASIN GISHU COUNTY............................................................................- 14 -
RESOLUTION TO THE CHALLENGES...............................................................................................- 14 -

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FINDINGS............................................................................................................................................- 15 -
CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................................- 15 -
RECOMMENDATION..........................................................................................................................- 15 -
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................- 16 -

List of abbreviations
 RVTTI – Rift Valley Technical Training Institute
 MC-magnetic contactor
 NO- normally open
 NC- normally close
 AVR- automatic voltage regulator
 VFD- variable frequency drive
 MCB- miniature circuit breaker
 MCCB- molded case circuit breaker
 HT- High tension
 LT- low tension
 ATS- automatic transfer switch
 DB- distribution board
 SDB- sub distribution board
 VCB- vacuum circuit breaker
 ACB- air circuit breaker
 BBT- bus bar trunking system
 MPCB- motor protection circuit breaker
 DOF- drop out fuse
 HRC fuse- high rupturing capacity fuse
 L1, L2 , L3- Supply coil in 3 phase
 R S T- input terminal of a supply coil
 U V S- out put terminal of supply coil
 LBS- load break switch
 ELCB- earth leakage circuit breaker
 RCCB- residual current circuit breaker
 OCB- oil circuit breaker
 DCS- distributed control system

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 CHAPTER ONE
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

CEC ROADS, TRANSPORT ENERGY AND PUBLIC WORKS.

CHIEF OFFICER ROADS TRANSPORT ENERGY AND PUBLIC WORKS.

DIRECTOR ROADS DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR

AND TRANSPORT ADMINISTRATION ENERGY PUBLIC WORKS

ENGINEER ENGINEER
RENEWABLE ENERGY ELECTRICAL ENERGY

FOREMAN STREET FOREMAN STREET FOREMAN

LIGHTING LIGHTING OPTIMIZATION
EXTENSION AND OPERATION AND AND REPAIR
DEVELOPMENT MAINTENANCE

ELECTRICAL ELECTRICAL ELECTRICAL

TECHNICIANS TECHNICIANS TECHNICIANS

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 CHAPTER TWO
DEPARTMENTS IN THE ORGANIZATION
CHIEF OFFICER ROADS TRANSPORT ENERGY AND PUBLIC WORKS.
Day to day administration of the county department. He develops and implements strategic plans and
sector development plans. The chief officer also implements policies and regulations that run the
organization.

He provides strategic policy direction for effective service delivery. He also ensures compliance with
National values and principles of good governance as outlined in article 10 and 232 of the constitution
of Kenya.

DIRECTOR ROADS AND TRANSPORT.

Identifies and prioritizes roads and transport infrastructure projects. He supervises construction
works, project management and contract administration. The Director for roads and transport
supervises staff and performance management, develops and maintains county roads and also
implements the National transport policy.
DIRECTOR ADMINISTRATION.
He hires and trains administrative staff, develops organizational policies, negotiates contracts and
agreements with vendors, disburses funds to managers and maintains corporate relationships.
DIRECTOR ENERGY.
His role is to help in planning, regulating and monitoring the county’s energy usage, help increase
efficiency by assessing energy use and setting new plans and necessary changes where needed. He also
implements plans and policies to reduce energy usage.
DIRECTOR PUBLIC WORKS.
One of his essential duties is the ability to create and plan long-term programs that will develop the
growth of the county. In addition, he is also responsible for analyzing and assessing proposals of the
public work staff. He is responsible for evaluating projects in accordance to the given budget.
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
This department majority deals with power installation and maintenance

The department is headed by senior electrical engineer (S.E.E)

The department majorly ensures there is power in the institution. They take part in in maintenance of
generators and replacement and repair of lighting and sockets

They deal with installation, Exitor of old wiring system.

OBJECTIVES OF ESTABLISHING THE ORGANIZATION

 To improve infrastructure and social amenities
 To create employment opportunity to people
 To enhance self sufficient supply of services in an organization
 To improve the living standards of people
 To increase the economy of Kenya

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METHODOLOGY USED IN REPORT WRITING
OBSERVATION
Through much attention at work when other employees are performing their designed task, I was able
to observe each and every step they used in performing their task

Example: when motors being dismantled, I observed the dismantling procedure, fault detection, repair
and also assembling of the motors

DISCUSSION
I was involved in a serious group discussion with my course mates. Through group discussion I was
able to acquire skills and knowledge related to my course

PARTICIPATION
Through participation, I was eager to learn and acquire more skills; I would ask questions and seek
clarification for more understanding.

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 CHAPTER THREE
MOTORS
A single phase motor is an electrically powered rotary machine that can turn electric energy into
mechanical energy.

Types of motors.
A.C motors, D.C motors.

METHOD OF STARTING MOTOR

1. Star-Delta Connection

2. Rotor Resistance Starter

3. Direct –0n Line (D.O.L)

Operation
Forward-Reverse Operation.
When the start push button is pressed the contactor coil will be energized hence closing the coil which
supply power through the overload relay hence leading to running of motors when you press the stop
push button the contactor will be de-energized hence the motor stops running.
Function of capacitor in a motor.
 Run capacitor – helps energize the second-phase winding to create a rotating magnetic field
while the motor is running.
 Start capacitor- briefly increases motor starting torque and allows a motor to be cycled on and
off rapidly.

POWER AND CONTROL CIRCUIT

R Y B
2ND contactor
Circuit
breaker

Overload relay

Motor (load)

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GENERAL SHIFT.
It deals with both industrial and electrical types of lighting and how they are protected e.g. through
earthing.

Installation of street lights.

Lamps used are connected in parallel because all the lamps have the same voltage.
The spacing between 2 light poles should be approximately 2.5 – 3 times the height of the pole.
Shorter light poles are installed closer to each other.

Distance between each streetlight.

The spacing between two light poles should be approximately 2.5-3 times the height of the poles.

Types of lightings used in street lights.

 Light emitting diode

 Mercury vapour lamp
 High pressure sodium vapour lamp
 Low pressure sodium vapour lamp

Installation and working principle of a photocell.

Installation – it must be correct orientation with the plastic bracket and according to the correct
installation place. Install the photocell with the enclosed inflated screws. No obstruction should be there
while installing the photocell to ensure full performance.
Working principle – When light hits the photocell, it triggers the transistors ON, which eventually
energizes the relays electromagnetic which turns the lights OFF. When it is dark, the photocell has high
resistance so no current flows through the base and the relay is not activated. The light is ON.

Installation and working of timers.

Set the light switch to ON position and plug the light time into the wall outlet. Set the display time
(present time). There are two types of timers namely; mechanical timer, electronic timer.
Working – they are run by electric energy, so when there is enough electricity generated within the
components that open the circuit to make the light switch OFF and vice versa.
Advantages.
1. Cheap hence saves money.
2. Even if forgotten, they turn OFF on their own.

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 Light source

Lamp house
Pole

Inspection box

Composition of automation box of streetlights.

 Timer
 Photocell
 Contactor
 Circuit breaker

CHALLENGES FACED AT UASIN GISHU COUNTY

 I experienced hard time as I was not much familiar with heights.
 Language barrier- This was a big problem since people were speaking mainly native
language other than Kiswahili and English.
 Lack of capital for self-sustainability during the attachment period.

RESOLUTION TO THE CHALLENGES

The challenges I faced at Uasin Gishu County gave me a hard time in undertaking the day to
day chores.

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I used all means to learn the new duties that I was not familiar with. I bought all required tools
and equipment which were needed of learning more.
We created a common language which we used to communicate at the work place. This made
our work easy as everyone was able to understand the language used.
I was able to cope with the harsh language used by the training manager with time as the days
went by.
The period was not as easy as I thought but I gained enough knowledge that will help me as I
continue with the course.

FINDINGS
As a student my observation was the cognition of the difference between the school
environment and the labor market as it is a different ball game entirely.

I also observed safety which was paramount and it could be able to be seen as the primary goal
of the staff of organization and not only the technicians.

As safely equipment and instructions were always put in place & made available at strategic
within the company.

Neatness was also a key attribute as even though the job is usually as a dirty job, technicians
were always admonished to be as neat as possible in their dressing while carrying out their
duties.

Communication played a vital role in the successful execution of jobs for among personal to
departments communicating with other departments present in the company. Good flow of
information was required and as a result most jobs that was turned or problematic, come about
as a result of poor communication between parties.

CONTRIBUTIONS
My contribution was shown on my work and services as an electrical technician in the
establishment which was basically repair and installation in the section or company. I was able
to maximize the job efficiency and work output in my section, because after a couple of weeks
or days, my supervisor gave me the access to work directly with the work done output
including the material used.

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RECOMMENDATION
I would like to make the following recommendation concerning the training of student in
industrial attachment

 I would like to recommend that the engineering curriculum in the institute be adjusted
such as would provide going for industrial attachment for a longer period exceeding 3
months as opposed to three months duration to be reduced.
 Allowance should be paid to students during their programme. This would help them a
great deal to handle some financial problems during their training course since many
students commute.

CONCLUSION
My 3 months industrial attachment as a junior technician at Uasin Gishu County was a huge
success and a great time of acquisition of knowledge and skills.

Through my training I was able to appreciate chosen course of study even more because I had
the opportunity to blend the theoretically knowledge acquired from school with the practical
hands on application of knowledge gained here to perform very important tasks that
contributed in a way to my productivity in the field of study. My training here has given me a
broader view to the importance and relevant of electrical engineering in the immediate society
and the world at large.

As I now look forward to impacting it positively after graduation. I have also been able to
improve my communication and presentation skills and thereby developed good relationship
with my fellow colleagues at work.

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