CASE SCENARIO
the small clumps of immune cells in the
Kate Robo, is a 4-year-old female; a resident
of Sariaya, Quezon. She was admitted at
Lucena United Doctors Hospital and Medical
Center on May 9, 2023 due to a fever. She
arrived at the hospital awake, conscious and
coherent with a chief complaint of fever
lasting for 4 days.
The patient had the following vital signs:
Blood Pressure: 80/50 mmHg, Pulse Rate: 81
bpm, Respiratory Rate: 27 bpm, and
Temperature: 38.5ºC.
At this time laboratory tests were as follows:
white blood cells count 16.400; hemoglobin
11.2; hematocrit 32.2; mean corpuscular
volume 78; neutrophils 83; and lymphocytes
17. Urinalysis revealed dark yellow urine;
turbid urine; ketones +4; and traces of
protein.
The client was brought to the hospital due to
fever. 4 days prior to admission, onset of
fever with no other associated symptoms was
noted which prompted patient’s parents to
seek medical consultation. Patient has no
previous hospitalization and surgeries. Client
was taking Paracetamol (TEMPRA) as
medication. She hasno known food and drug
allergies.
Pre-hospitalization, she has no complaints of
cough and colds. No headache felt but during
hospitalization, the client had complaints of
headache especially during the evening, thus,
making him at risk to have insomnia. While
confined, the client develops cough. The
medications prescribed are: Fluimucil 200mg
BID, Ceftriazone, Cetirizine, and Biogesic.
Causes
Pneumonitis occurs when an irritating
substance causes the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in
your lungs to become inflamed. This
inflammation makes it difficult for oxygen
to pass through the alveoli into the
bloodstream.
Pneumonitis occurs kapag ang immune
system ng isang tao ay ay nagreact
strongerly to the certain substance or
inhaled substances like dust, molds, grain
and etc. and then once this irritating
substances inhaled it causes the tiny air
sacs or yung aleveoli in our lungs to
become inflamed and then through this
inflammation is nahihirapan na magpass
yung oxygen through the alveioli papunta
sa bloodstream ni patient and once na ang
lungs ni patient become inflamed with the
formation of granulomas which means
areas of inflammation which form sites in
the body when inflammation occur
So kapag hinayaan at binalewala lang
natin to at hindi natin kinontrol the
inflammation become severe and can
cause scarring of the lungs na pedeng
magresulta in a severely lung functions
Mga taong mas prone na makainhale ng
mga gantong substances are the farmers
birds and poultry handlers veterinary
workers and animal handlers yung mga
karpentero because of wood stripping
*Ang mga substances na maaaring mag-trigger
ng pneumonitis ay
1. mga bagay na inaamag
2.bakterya in water vapor from hot tube
3.fungi na nagogrow sa hangin like yung mga air
conditioners, humidifiers, heating system and
etc.
4.mga kemikal substances like pesticides,
chlorine gas, fertilizer dust and also the smoke
You’ll find these substances in:
 animal fur
 bird feathers or droppings
 contaminated cheese, grapes, barley,
and other foods
 wood dust
 hot tubs
 humidifiers
 Drugs. A variety of drugs can cause
pneumonitis, including some
antibiotics, several types of
chemotherapy drugs and medications
that keep your heartbeat regular. An
overdose of aspirin can cause
pneumonitis.
Nag iincrease yung demand for
oxygen pag na overdose ng aspirin
 Molds and bacteria. Repeated
exposure to some molds and bacteria
can cause the lungs to become
inflamed. Specific varieties of mold-
related pneumonitis have received
nicknames, such as "farmer's lung"
or "hot tub lung."
So as what I said earlier molds and
bacteria is one factors that mostly
 trigger pneumonitis that can irritates
the air sacs in the lungs most especially
to those people who are sensitive to
these substances will definitely have a
reaction
 Birds. Exposure to feathers or bird
excrement is a common cause of
pneumonitis.
Caused by an immune response to
inhaled allergens from birds. Pneumonitis
is the inflammation of lung tissue that
caused by something your very sensitive
to so in the case of bird fanciest lungs the
things we are sensitive to is may be the
dry dust or droppings or the feathers of
birds like mga parrots, chickens
What happens to your body when you are
dehydrated?
 Radiation treatments. Some people
who undergo radiation therapy to the
chest, such as for breast or lung
cancer, may develop pneumonitis.
Pneumonitis also can occur after
whole-body radiation therapy, which
is needed to prepare a person for a
bone marrow transplant.
Radiation therapy works by killing or damaging
cancerous cells. During this process, it can also
irritate other structures, including
noncancerous cells and tissue. In the case of
radiation pneumonitis, it causes inflammation
of the small air sacs, called alveoli, in your
lungs.
 Fever. In general, the higher your fever,
the more dehydrated you may become.
The problem worsens if you have a
fever in addition to diarrhea and
vomiting.
 This is because an increase in body
temperature increases your metabolism
and your breathing rate, leading you to
breathe out more moisture.
 If you have a fever, your body loses
fluid through your skin's surface in an
attempt to lower your temperature.
Often, fever can cause you to sweat so
much that if you don't drink to
replenish, you could end up
dehydrated.
 As you lose fluid, your blood becomes
more concentrated, making your
cardiovascular system work harder to
efficiently pump blood. A high blood
concentration also makes your kidneys
retain more water, which is why you
urinate less.

Pneumonitis vs. pneumonia

Both pneumonitis and pneumonia are terms

used to describe inflammation in your lungs. In
fact, pneumonia is one type of pneumonitis. If
your doctor diagnoses you with pneumonitis,
they’re usually referring to inflammatory lung
conditions other than pneumonia.

Pneumonia is an infection caused by bacteria

and other germs. Pneumonitis is a type of
allergic reaction. It happens when a substance
like mold or bacteria irritates the air sacs in your
lungs. People who are especially sensitive to
these substances will have a reaction.
Pneumonitis is also called hypersensitivity
pneumonitis.

Pneumonitis is treatable. However, it can cause

permanent scarring and lung damage if you
don’t catch it early enough.

NCP