Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Packaging
Unwrapped
An in-depth study of consumer perceptions
and behaviors surrounding sustainable
packaging in the UK and U.S.
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Contents
Introduction 03
Why now? 05
Methodology 28
Unless otherwise stated, the data in this report is taken from a bespoke survey from March
2019 among 1,589 internet users in the U.S., and 2,244 internet users in the UK aged 16-64
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The
W
hen David Attenborough issued a call Attenborough
to action to combat plastic waste in the
second series of Planet Earth II, searches Effect
for “plastic recycling” saw a dramatic uplift of 55% in
the UK. But the galvanizing impact of Attenborough’s
words extended far beyond viewers of the show, and
indeed the UK. Clutching at discarded plastic items
retrieved from the ocean, his comments came after
traumatic scenes showing the poisonous effects of
plastic waste on marine wildlife. This was enough to set
off what many have coined the Attenborough effect:
a chain of events which have resulted in the so-called
War on Plastic Waste and the wider social movement
surrounding it.
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There’s Sustainable packaging is no longer a nice-to-
have. It’s a must-have for any brands looking to
nowhere for
future-proof their operations against the rising
tide of consumer scrutiny.
brands to
In this report, we get to the bottom of consumer
ambitions to embrace sustainable packaging;
lifting the veil on how sustainable packaging
factors into day-to-day purchasing decisions,
hide now.
the motivations behind choosing “greener”
packaging, and what this means for brand
positioning, brand communication strategies,
and product packaging development.
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01
SE T TI NG TH E SCE N E
Why now?
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The trend toward sustainable packaging,
rooted in a larger environmentalist movement,
SUSTAINABILITY
has been gaining traction for quite some time. IN NUMBERS
53%
A number of factors have laid the groundwork say they
have
for this. Both long-term efforts on a global reduced the amount
political scale, as well as short-term catalysts
like celebrity activism and viral images of 43%
say they do
of plastic they use in
the past 12 months
72%
say
products
28%
that are affordable are say they
important in their day- do not
to-day shopping have sufficient
information about
which packaging can
be recycled from the
products they buy
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Growing consumer demand
It’s not only a demand for sustainability And they’re not just all talk — they’re also WOULD YOU PAY MORE FOR ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCTS?
that has grown, but also a willingness taking action. In a recent bespoke survey % of global internet users who say they would pay more for sustainable products
among consumers to put their money among U.S. and UK internet users, we
where their mouth is. At a global level, asked consumers if they’ve made any
we’ve seen the number of consumers who changes to their usage of single-use
say they would be willing to pay more for plastic in the past year. We found the
sustainable/eco-friendly products grow steps taken have been largely positive,
from 49% in 2011 to 57% in 2018. with the majority of consumers trying to
cut down on their usage of disposable
plastic.
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Over 50% of
CHANGING PLASTIC PACKAGING CONSUMPTION IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS
% who say they have done the following in the last 12 months
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Increased global initiatives
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Environmentalist
Question: Which of the
In addition to increased intergovernmental Years of Living Dangerously documentary and following information
efforts to mitigate the effects of climate media project tackling climate issues. sources has the biggest
profile activism
and 2,244 (UK) internet
environmental documentaries, such as Before environment has been both explosive users aged 16-64 Source:
GlobalWebIndex March
the Flood, Cowspiracy, and – the one that and effective in furthering the movement. 2019
started it all – An Inconvenient Truth, over Notable examples include the award-winning
the last number of years have broadened photograph of a seahorse holding a cotton
News/media stories and public awareness of the issue in ways that swab amidst a sea of plastic debris and, more
the scientific community alone never could. recently, the news story of a whale that died
documentaries are among Celebrity activism around climate change after swallowing 88 pounds of plastic bags.
the most influential sources has grown in tandem with this. Before the Perhaps the best example, however, is the
impacting consumers’ Flood featured one of the most vocal celebrity video of a marine biologist removing a straw
climate activists, Leonardo DiCaprio, as a from the nose of a sea turtle. After going viral,
views on plastic waste and key contributor. Other celebrities like Arnold this video affected the public consciousness
sustainability. Schwarzenegger, Gisele Bündchen and
Sigourney Weaver have all been part of the
so heavily that it helped catalyze the recent
global movement to ban plastic straws.
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Social media and the In the age of
culture of accountability
social media,
The impact of a single video
like the sea turtle and the plastic
With this in mind, the time is
ripe for brands to respond to brands are
being held
straw demonstrates how integral growing consumer demands
social media has been in helping for environmental sustainability
spread this trend. Social media in a genuine and impactful way.
accountable
also plays a crucial role of holding Because the consequences of
public figures – be it corporations, the alternative – being exposed
celebrities, or politicians – for environmentally damaging
in ways not
accountable for their actions in business practices – can be dire.
a way that was previously not Reduced packaging, innovative
possible. In the past, a scandal design, and using recyclable
like United Airlines’ flight staff materials – the list of potential
possible before.
dragging a passenger off of a solutions goes on and on. In the
plane might have gone unnoticed. next section of this report, we
Now a single incident, recorded delve into the possibilities further
and shared millions of times over, and examine what consumers
has the potential to damage a really value when looking toward
brand significantly. brands to practice sustainability.
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02
A SK TH E AU DI E NCE:
What
Matters to
Consumers
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Sustainable packaging
is important, to a point
With plastic waste increasingly organic ingredients are two of
under the microscope, consumers the least important factors for
are re-examining their buying consumers. A few years ago, we
behavior and consumption of would have likely seen a very
single-use plastics. But in the different picture when organic
grand scheme of things, just and fair trade were two words
It’s clear that even how important are sustainable
materials to consumers?
flooding the industry. According
to Google Trends, fair trade as a
though sustainable In our research, we discovered
topic reached a peak at the end of
2005 and at the end of 2007, but
materials are that 42% of U.S. and UK
consumers say products that
has been slowly declining since
then. This shows that trends have
important, the use sustainable materials are
important when it comes to their
a life cycle to some degree and
have varying levels of importance
cost is the biggest day-to-day purchases. too. One of the reasons plastic is
under the spotlight is because its
challenger by far. Our data also reveals that fair-
trade products and natural/
detrimental effects are so visible
and widespread.
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THE IMPORTANCE
OF SUSTAINABLE
MATERIALS
FOR CONSUMERS
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Question: When it comes to
Price and brand trust are the most Younger audiences are also more THE CONFLICT BETWEEN AFFORDABILITY your day-to-day purchases
important considerations for engaged with social media and more AND ECO-CONSCIOUSNESS (e.g. groceries, household
products, personal hygiene
consumers above all else. And there’s easily influenced by other people’s % who say the following are important when it comes to their products etc.), which of the
an obvious conflict when it comes to opinions; our data shows that 4 in 10 day-to-day purchases following are important
to you? Base: 1,589 (U.S)
consumers’ desire to use sustainable Gen Zers say they are easily swayed and 2,244 (UK) internet
materials versus what they’re willing to by other people’s opinion. Their users aged 16-64 Source:
GlobalWebIndex March 2019
spend or what they’re able to afford. increased exposure to social media
This tension between sustainability and and impressionability has magnified
affordability really comes to light when the plastics revolution. Additionally,
we look at the data by age. there are likely several other factors at
play here, such as levels of disposable
As consumers get older, the gap income and family situation.
between affordability and sustainability
increases. For example, affordability is Consumers are price-conscious
more important for consumers aged primarily, and this presents a significant
55-64 than it is for consumers aged challenge for manufacturers and brands
16-24. In fact, there’s a 20 percentage- to overcome. Environmentally-friendly
point difference between the age alternatives tend to have a higher cost
groups when it comes to affordable attached to them, so unless there’s a
products. Clearly, sustainable materials way to avoid passing these extra costs
are more of a consideration for on to the consumer, brands may face
younger consumers. This might partly an uphill battle getting consumers on
be because younger generations board, at least in the short term. Even
grew up during the height of the if consumers have the best intentions
sustainability crisis and are generally — price remains an issue. The difficulty
considered to be more eco-conscious will not just be finding suitable
than their older counterparts. alternatives to plastic, but at a price
point that will appeal to consumers.
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Why do consumers care
about eco-packaging?
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MOTIVATIONS BEHIND CHOOSING “GREENER” PACKAGING
% who say sustainable packaging is important for the following reasons
U.S. UK
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Brand loyalty is
put to the test
Consumers are paying more attention to all aspects of % who say they agree or “If I realize that a brand/product I use
the supply chain; from production, delivery, through to disagree with the following isn’t environmentally friendly, I’m
disposal. They’re actively learning, becoming more aware statement likely to switch to a brand that is”
of environmental issues, and aren’t afraid to question
a brand’s sustainability claims or the role brands have.
They’re there with a watchful eye and this is something
brands need to carefully consider.
This should be a wake-up call for manufacturers and 61% of consumers say
brands. Sustainability isn’t just another buzzword.
Consumers genuinely care, and they’re expecting more they’re likely to switch
from brands than ever before. to a brand that is
There is a long way to go and sizeable challenges to more environmentally
overcome, such as the availability of alternative materials
and price. But brands need to continue working hard friendly than their
on incorporating sustainability into their DNA and being
open and honest with consumers along the way. It’s no
current brand.
longer an afterthought, but a must.
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03
I N DUS TRY FOCUS
Never Waste
a Crisis: the
Opportunity
for Brands
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Taking the Pledge
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WHAT CONSUMERS WANT FROM ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PACKAGING
% who say the following types of packaging are important to them
Packaging that Packaging that Products that Compostable/ Packaging made from Easy to separate different
is recyclable is reusable don’t overpackage biodegradable packaging renewable resources materials for disposal
to sustainability
Base: 1,589 (U.S) and 2,244 (UK)
internet users aged 16-64 Source:
Of these factors, we found that consumers identified GlobalWebIndex March 2019
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Don’t let an opportunity But for the time being, with price concerns
go to waste
biting on packaging manufacturers, a
recycling-friendly approach can bolster
marketing messages by empowering
consumers. Perhaps consumers actually
want some kind of responsibility. They
don’t necessarily want to have all the
As Aedamar Howlett, marketing director work done for them; they want some
for Coca-Cola has pointed out, using investment in the process. Recycling
sustainable packaging and encouraging can let consumers feel they’ve taken an
recycling goes beyond just inspiring active role in protecting the planet. This
a purchase, or following standards of means providing packaging that’s not just
corporate responsibility. Disposing of recyclable, but transparent about how to
a product isn’t something you see in do so.
most diagrams or descriptions of the
purchase journey (when have you ever Recycling isn’t the only solution that
heard someone talk about “the disposal consumers respond to, though.
stage”?), but it offers a great opportunity Consumers identify it as the most
for creating a shared experience with important packaging feature in both the
a consumer. Those brands that are UK and U.S., but there are differences
transparent and informative about how to worth considering. The reuse trend has
recycle their products, and innovative in more of a foothold in the U.S., with more
doing so, are well-placed to benefit. consumers saying they want packaging
they can use for something else after.
Some new packaging solutions are Compostable/biodegradable packaging
designed to remove all responsibility from is more important to them as well.
the end user. Jem Materials launched a Consumers in the U.S. may respond better
new form of completely biodegradable to those sorts of innovative packaging
packaging in February 2019 that does solutions, while in the UK, consumers
precisely this. It may be the case that in prefer an absence of packaging, and if it is
the future, this becomes the only kind of there, for it to be recyclable above all.
fully sustainable solution for packaging
that can match demand for fast-moving
consumer goods.
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TRE N D I N AC TION
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04
The
Bottom
Line
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Too big to fail
No matter how
shelf before them, then despite packaging – the Montreal Protocol
the growing industry interest in the late 1980s, which aimed
in sustainable packaging, the to phase out the production of
determined they
options are still currently weighted substances harmful to the ozone
against them. layer under an international
treaty. In the wake of this global
packaging, their
company which disregards this phased out of production.
war on plastic packaging, that
consumer-facing industries have The parallels between then and
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A new playing field
This has meant that unlike with the making gestures. The Ellen
Montreal Protocol three decades MacArthur Foundation pledge
ago, the velocity of the anti-plastic provides brands with an important
movement has caught brands off- vehicle to work towards this goal,
guard, and the pressure is stemming but why not take some competitive
directly from the people who are advantage and implement this into a
putting money in their pockets – the creative marketing strategy?
consumers.
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Methodology
Our Research Our Quotas
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Nisa Bayindir Chase Buckle Katie Gilsenan Chris Beer Virna Sekuj
Director of Global Insights Trends Manager Senior Trends Analyst Senior Trends Analyst Senior Insights Analyst
www.globalwebindex.com
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