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Verification Methods Employment
F8
Status of Verification Methods and Acceptable Solutions
Verification Methods and Acceptable Solutions are prepared by the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment in
accordance with section 22 of the Building Act 2004. Verification Methods and Acceptable Solutions are for use in
establishing compliance with the New Zealand Building Code.
A person who complies with a Verification Method or Acceptable Solution will be treated as having complied with the
provisions of the Building Code to which the Verification Method or Acceptable Solution relates. However, using a
Verification Method or Acceptable Solution is only one method of complying with the Building Code. There may be
alternative ways to comply.
Users should make themselves familiar with the preface to the New Zealand Building Code Handbook, which describes
the status of Verification Methods and Acceptable Solutions and explains alternative methods of achieving compliance.
Defined words (italicised in the text) and classified uses are explained in Clauses A1 and A2 of the Building Code and in
the Definitions at the start of this document.
The Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment owns or has licences to use all
images and trademarks in this document. You must not use or reproduce images and
trademarks featured in this document for any purpose (except as part of an accurate
reproduction of this document) unless you first obtain the written permission of the
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
2
Document Status
The most recent version of this document (Amendment 4), as detailed in the Document History, is approved by the Chief
Executive of the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. It is effective from 1 January 2017 and supersedes all previous
versions of this document.
The previous version of this document (Amendment 3) will cease to have effect on 30 May 2017.
People using this document should check for amendments on a regular basis. The Ministry of Business, Innovation and
Employment may amend any part of any Verification Method or Acceptable Solution at any time. Up-to-date versions of
Verification Methods and Acceptable Solutions are available from www.building.govt.nz
Date Alterations
Amendment 1 Effective from September 1993 p. v, Contents p. 12, 6.4.3, Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 6.5.1
until 10 July 2012 p. vi, References p. 13, 6.6.3, 6.7.1, Figures 15, 16
p. 4, Table 2 pp. 15-16 Index
p. 11, 6.4.2 a)
Note: Page numbers relate to the document at the time of Amendment and may not match page numbers in current document.
2A
2B
Clause F8 SIGNS
CLAUSE F8–SIGNS
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT
F8.2 Signs must be provided in and about Requirement F8.2 does not apply to
buildings to identify: detached dwellings, or within
(a)
escape routes, household units in multi-unit
dwellings.
(b)
emergency-related safety features,
(c)
potential hazards, and
(d)
accessible routes and facilities for
people with disabilities.
PERFORMANCE
F8.3.1 Signs must be clearly visible and
readily understandable under all conditions
of foreseeable use, including emergency
conditions.
F8.3.2 Signs identifying potential hazards
must be provided and located so that
people encounter the signs before
encountering the potential hazard.
F8.3.3 Signs to facilitate escape to a
place of safety must be provided and
(a)
be located to identify the escape
routes, and
(b)
continue to meet the performance
requirements in clause F8.3.1 during failure
of the main lighting for the period required
by performance F6.3.4 and performance
F6.3.5.
D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G , 10 A P R I L 2 012 3
SIGNS Clause F8
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Contents F8/VM1 & AS1 SIGNS
Contents
Page
References 7
Definitions 9
Verification Method 11
Acceptable Solution 13
1.0 Scope 13
2.0 Typography and pictograms 13
2.1 Language 13
2.2 Lettering 13
2.3 Braille 13
2.4 Pictograms 14
3.0 Safety signs 15
3.1 Safety colours 15
3.2 Sign layout 16
4.0 Exit signs 16
4.1 Sign locations 16
4.2 Wording for exit signs 17
4.3 Sign details 17
4.4 Colour 18
4.5 Exit sign illumination 18
5.0 Fire related safety features 20
5.1 Call points 20
5.2 Fire and smoke control doors 20
5.3 Lifts 21
5.4 Sprinklered buildings 21
5.5 Signage in stairwells 21
6.0 Access and facilities for people 22
with disabilities
7.0 Hazards 23
7.1 Hazardous substances and 23
processes
7.2 Electrical hazards 23
7.3 Lifts 23
7.4 Machine rooms 23
7.5 Escalators and moving walks 24
7.6 Water supplies 25
8.0 Sanitary facilities 25
Appendix A Amendments to 27
AS 2293.3:2005
Index 29
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6 10 A P R I L 2 012 , D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G
References F8/VM1 & AS1 SIGNS
References
For the purposes of New Zealand Building Code compliance, the Standards and documents
referred in this Acceptable Solution (primary reference documents), which in turn may also refer
to other Standards or documents, and so on (lower order reference documents) must be the
editions, along with their specific amendments, listed below. Where the primary reference
documents refer to other Standards or other documents, (secondary reference documents),
then the version in effect at the date this Acceptable Solution was published must be used.
Where quoted
Standards Australia
AS 2293: 2005 Emergency escape lighting and exit signs
for buildings
Part 1: System design, installation and operation AS1 4.5.5
Part 3: Emergency escape luminaires and exit signs AS1 2.4, 4.5.3 a) i),
Amend 3
Feb 2014 Amend: 1 4.5.5, Appendix A
AS/NZS 2293.2: 1995 Emergency escape lighting and exit signs AS1 4.5.5
for buildings – Inspection and maintenance,
Amend 4
Jan 2017 incorporating Amendment No. 1, 2 and 3
Amend 4
Jan 2017 NZS 4541:2013 Automatic fire sprinkler systems AS1 5.4
British Standards Institution
BS 5252: 1976 Framework for colour co-ordination for AS1 Table 2
building purposes
Amend: 1
International Organization for Standardization
ISO 3864: 2002 Safety colours and safety signs
Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and AS1 2.4
public areas
ISO 7000: 2004 Graphic symbols for use on equipment AS1 2.4
ISO 7010: 2003 Graphical symbols – safety colours and safety AS1 2.4, 3.2.4
signs – Safety signs used in workplaces and
public areas
German Institute for Standardisation
DIN 5381: 1985 Identification colours AS1 Table 2
DIN 6164: 1980 DIN colour chart
Part 2: Specification of colour samples AS1 Table 2
Chemical Industry Council Incorporated
HSNO Code of Practice 2-1 09-04 Signage for premises AS1 2.4, 7.1
storing hazardous substances and dangerous goods
Royal New Zealand Foundation of the Blind
Accessible Signage Guidelines: 2010 AS1 2.3
Definitions
This is an abbreviated list of definitions for words or terms particularly relevant to this Verification
Amend 3
Method and Acceptable Solution. The definitions for any other italicised words may be found in Feb 2014
the New Zealand Building Code Handbook.
b) for sleeping areas, counting the number of Smoke control door A doorset that
sleeping (or care) spaces, or complies with Appendix C, C6.1.2 of C/AS6.
c) for fixed seating areas, counting the Smoke lobby That portion of an escape
number of seats. route within a firecell that precedes a safe
path or an escape route through an adjoining
Open path That part of an escape route
building which is protected from the effects
(including dead ends) within a firecell where
of smoke by smoke separations.
occupants may be exposed to fire or smoke
while making their escape. Smoke separation Any building element
able to prevent the passage of smoke between
People with disabilities People whose
two spaces. Smoke separations shall:
ability to use buidlings is affected by mental,
physical, hearing or sight impairment. a) Be a smoke barrier complying with
BS EN 12101 Part 1, or
Person with a disability Means a person
who has an impairment or a combination of b) Consist of rigid building elements capable
impairments that limits the extent to which of resisting without collapse:
the person can engage in activities, pursuits
i) a pressure of 0.1 kPa applied from
and processes of everyday life, including,
either side, and
without limitation, any of the following:
ii) self weight plus the intended vertically
a) a physical, sensory, neurological, or
applied live loads, and
intellectual impairment:
c) Form an imperforate barrier to the spread
b) a mental illness.
of smoke, and
Safe path That part of an exitway which
d) Be of non-combustible construction, or
is protected from the effects of fire by fire
achieve a FRR of 10/10/-, except that
separations, external walls, or by distance
non-fire resisting glazing may be used if
when exposed to open air.
it is toughened or laminated safety glass.
Safe place A place, outside of and in the
vicinity of a single building unit, from which Comment:
The pressure requirement is to ensure rigidity and is
people may safely disperse after escaping the
not a smoke leakage requirement.
effects of a fire. It may be a place such as a
street, open space, public space or an Walls and floors, whether constructed of sheet linings
fixed to studs or joists, or of concrete, glazing, metal
adjacent building unit.
or fired clay, need only be inspected by someone
Comment: experienced in building construction to judge whether
The Fire Safety and Evacuation of Buildings the construction is tight enough to inhibit the passage
Regulations 2006 use the term ‘place of safety’ and of smoke.
allow the place of safety to be within the building Item d) is intended to ensure that the smoke
provided that it is protected with a sprinkler system. separation will continue to perform as an effective
barrier when exposed to fire or smoke for a short
Safety colour (green, red or yellow) A colour period during fire development.
of specific properties to which a safety
There is no requirement for smoke control doors or
meaning is attributed.
other closures in smoke separations to meet the
Safety sign A particular type of sign which provisions of item d).
comprises a geometric form and a safety
colour, together with a safety symbol or Stairway A series of steps or stairs with
text (that is, words, letters, numbers or a or without landings, including all necessary
combination of these) and gives a particular handrails and giving access between two
safety message. different levels.
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Verification Method F8/VM1 SIGNS
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12 10 A P R I L 2 012 , D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G
Acceptable Solution F8/AS1 SIGNS
Comment:
Text on signs illustrated in this Acceptable Solution
is shown in English only.
D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G , 10 A P R I L 2 012 13
SIGNS Acceptable Solution F8/AS1
e (6/10) h 6 12 15 24 30 45 60 75
2.4 Pictograms
Pictograms shall be as shown in ISO 3864.1,
AS 2293.3, HSNO CoP 2-1 0904, ISO 7010
and ISO 7000 for the International Symbol
of Access.
The height of the symbol in the pictogram
shall be as given in Paragraph 4.3.2 and
Table 5.
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Acceptable Solution F8/AS1 SIGNS
Safety green Safe condition Emergency exit signs White (1) White
Paragraphs 3.2.3
and 4.0
Safety blue Instruction Escalators and moving White (1) Safety red (cross)
walks
Paragraph 7.5
1. For photoluminescent signs, substitute ‘the natural colour of photoluminescent material’ (pale yellow) for ‘white‘.
D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G , 10 A P R I L 2 012 15
SIGNS Acceptable Solution F8/AS1
Comment:
The choice of square or rectangular shape will
generally relate to requirements of the safety symbol
or text.
4.2 Wording for exit signs Maximum viewing Minimum letter height ‘h’
distance (mm)
Where exit signs contain text they shall (m)
comply with Paragraphs 4.2.1 to 4.2.3.
16 75
4.2.1 Exit signs shall be safety signs
24 100
complying with Tables 2 and 3 and shall
display the word(s) ‘Exit’ or ‘Emergency 32 150
Exit’ plus a direction arrow if necessary, to ‘h’ is the letter height shown in Table 1.
identify the escape route, or use another For photoluminescent signs, the minimum height
language plus English. (Refer to Paragraph 2.1.) dimension shall be multiplied by 1.3 and the maximum
viewing distance shall be 24 m.
4.2.2 Where a direction arrow is incorporated
as part of the exit sign, a clearance of at least For viewing distances greater than 32 m, the
25 mm shall be provided between the minimum letter height shall be determined in
word(s) and the arrow. accordance with the following equation:
4.2.3 In addition the following signs shall be Minimum letter height, h, mm =
provided: Maximum viewing distance, mm ÷ 210
a) Where any door leads to an upper or lower and rounded up to the nearest 50 mm.
level from an exitway and not to a final 4.3.2 Pictogram elements including
exit, that door shall be identified by a directional arrows
sign reading ‘No Exit’. (Refer to
Paragraph 4.4.2.) The minimum height of pictogram elements
for exit signs shall be determined by the
b) Where any door in a safe path is a smoke maximum viewing distance. The minimum
control door and that door leads to element height shall be as given in Table 5.
an alternative exitway, it shall be identified
by signs on both sides reading ‘Exit’. Table 5 Pictogram height
Paragraph 4.3.2
c) Where delayed action unlocking devices
are fitted to an exit door, a sign describing Maximum viewing Minimum pictogram
the method of operation shall be installed distance element height
adjacent to the door lock. The sign shall (m) (mm)
D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G , 10 A P R I L 2 012 17
SIGNS Acceptable Solution F8/AS1
For viewing distances greater than 32 m, the 4.4.2 The sign described in Paragraph 4.2.3 a)
minimum element height shall be determined (No Exit) shall comprise white text on a safety
in accordance with the following equation: red background.
Minimum element height, mm = 4.4.3 Where an exit sign is internally
Maximum viewing distance, mm ÷ 160 illuminated and normally viewed in low
and rounded up to the nearest 50 mm. illuminance areas, such as in theatres and
auditoriums, the text or pictogram of the sign
4.3.3 Background
and direction arrow, if any, may be safety
The background shall extend at least 15 mm green on a black (opaque) background. In the
beyond the words (and pictorial element if case of signs described in Paragraph 4.2.3 a),
incorporated) displayed on the sign. these may have text or a pictogram in safety
4.4 Colour red on a black (opaque) background.
shall be in safety green and the rest of the be by external or internal lighting, or the sign Jan 2017
Element height
Element height
The words under these pictograms indicate the meaning of the pictogram and are not part of the pictogram.
Arrows are aligned to reflect the direction to be followed.
Comment:
Internally illuminated signs are preferred to externally
illuminated ones as they are self-contained units and
are more easily seen in smoke conditions.
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Acceptable Solution F8/AS1 SIGNS
Figure 5 Storage height signs Figure 6 Sign for door to stair with fire
Paragraph 5.4 hydrants
Paragraph 5.5 b)
6.0 Access and facilities for people Figure 9 International Symbol of Access
with disabilities Paragraph 6.2 c)
Figure
Figure 8 Example of
Example of Sign
sign Indicating
indicatingFacilities
facilities
5: and direction
and its Direction
Paragraph 5.0.2
Paragraph 6.2 a)a)
toilet
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Acceptable Solution F8/AS1 SIGNS
a) At each termination
b) At intervals of no more than 15 m, and DANGER
c) In each room through which they pass. Entry of unauthorised
7.2.2 The caution safety sign shall comply persons prohibited
with Figure 11 and Paragraph 3.2.2.
D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G , 10 A P R I L 2 012 23
SIGNS Acceptable Solution F8/AS1
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Acceptable Solution F8/AS1 SIGNS
100 mm minimum
Comment:
Figure 8 shows a sign indicating an accessible route
and direction to an accessible toilet.
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26 10 A P R I L 2 012 , D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G
Appenix A Amendments to AS 2293.3: 2005 F8 SIGNS
Appendix A
D E PA R T M E N T O F BU I L D I N G A N D H O U S I N G , 10 A P R I L 2 012 29
SIGNS Index F8/VM1 & AS1
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