English Education Study Program

CHAPTER 2
HABITAT
INNOVATION
Group 2 Proudly Presents

Lecturer: Prof. Ilza Mahyuni, M.A.

 Meet Our Team

Arif Rahman Risqullah M Rizki Rimba Alas Angelina Winata Nurul Aini
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Table of COntent

Introduction of the book chapter

A brief description of the concept is presented in

the chapter

Discussion (Link with the concept)

Critical Notes

A conclusion, based on the previous discussion

and critical notes.

Lesson learned
Introduction of the
Chapter
Title: Chapter 2 (Habitat Innovation)

Author: Hideyuki Matsuoka and Chiaki Hirai

Publication: 2020

Journal Name: Global Center

Place of Publication: Tokyo, Japan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2989-
4_2
A brief description of the concept
presented in the chapter

Habitat Innovation is about the

interests of society, it relates the
social issues Japan Faces, like:
The Social Issue Drivers
A Shrinking Labor Pool
Consumer Sparsity
The focus of the description:
Aging Population
Key Performance Indicator
Aging Infrastructure (KPI)
Shift to Renewables Quality of Life (Qol)
Social Issue
CO2 emission
Technological innovation
 Deal with Problems
Phenomena
Distinguish the social issues
with causal factors. It turns to
Direct phenomena and solution
toward that A social issue in here defines
provide the workplace
as a problem in a society that
existence. Japan drives its
deprives many of that
society to support the
society's members of their
productivity of its people with
lives, freedom, or dignity
adapting to work trends in the
social issue

The Social Issue Drivers

Why should this research be face in Japan?

Damage to Japan
Japan Problem
Indicator of Social Issue Japan leads to traffic
Population in Japan will congestion and a heightened
continue to fall and its risk of mass-scale damage in
population will continue to a natural disaster, due to the
age Rural communities are large population centers and
dwindling and desolat. service-sector jobs are
under-staffed
A Shrinking Labor Pool

the working-age population currently (as of 2015) stands at 76 million, but forecasts
indicate that it will dip as low as 52 million by 2050 (Cabinet Office 2017)
Data in the Working-age population (15-64) and Elderly
Population (>65)
 Inferences of Shrinking Labor Pool
Labor case is shrinking, and regional disparities in the labor market. It affects Japan to
pursue unstable supply and demand it's how they implement the economic growth
model based on manufacturing.

Manufactures Rural Areas of Job Opportunities AI and Robotic Technology

This category transforms factories
and secures workforces from less
infrastructure into sophisticated
innovation. It links rural areas to
urban areas for distributing people
and goods
By providing the manufacturers, it
urges the rural areas to move to
large population centers. It
showcases the development of
young workers in cities to prop up
the service sector still remain
To reduce the problem of
understaffed businesses are
making staff work long hours and
maximize the automated driving .
 Consumer Sparsity
THE INFLUX OF WORKERS
The implication after that, Japan faces a large population in
the expansion centering to remain densely populated.
However, the infrastructure before subsiding into the
funnel of workers like located in provincial cities nd their
suburbs.
JAPAN TRENDS ON CUSTOMER
SPARSITY
Japanese population growth is one of the greatest
main topics in the expansion of cities. These trends
become the prominent demand from core public
services, for instance:
Energy
Water
Education
Healthcare to be supplied in customer
population over a large area
Aging Population

the working-age population currently (as of 2015) stands at 76 million, but forecasts
indicate that it will dip as low as 52 million by 2050 (Cabinet Office 2017)
Data in the Working-age population (15-64) and Elderly
Population (>65)
Aging Population

In the Japanese concept,

there is a side effect of a The cause of
falling birthrate, which They having a lot of
call an aging population. This older people will
is a phenomenon when the decrease tax
unproductive age is higher revenue toward
than the productive age. economic
However, the current citizen growth stalls
is one of the problems due to and national or
the phenomenon of not having local
a descendant. governments.
Aging Infrastructure

More than half a century having elapsed since then, Japan’s roads, bridges,
waterworks, and other infrastructure are decaying, placing upward pressure on social
costs (Ministry of Land 2013)
 Shift to Renewables

Japan faces in shifting to renewable energy sources in order to

achieve a low-carbon society.
Lesson Learned from Japan
Assist Vulnerable Society
Provide the unproductive age with long-life skills,
for instance, farming, gardening, and hand-
crafting.

Maintain social welfare

How to balance the tax number with the demand
of productive age in Japan and they usually take
survey for all the Japanese.

Overcome Social Insecurity

To improve their productive age, they capitalize
the free training place for their young people to
upskill themselves.
C. Discussion

Analysing the Target

KPIs
One KPI is carbon emission per capita. This
describes the amount of reduction in the carbon
footprint per person. If we blindly focus on this
KPI, we might end up believing that humans
should be as inactive or frugal as possible.
Deriving an Approach from the Formula
The social issue concerns the need to minimize “carbon emissions/
capita.” However, individual members of society wish to increase the
third component—“total activity/capita.”
Deriving an Approach from the Formula

To balance these two interests, we must sufficiently reduce the first two
of these components (“carbon emissions/total energy consumption” and
“total energy consumption/total activity”).

To reduce the first component, “carbon emissions/total energy

consumption,” we must transform the very structure that generates
social costs, as in the case of carbon emissions. We call this task the
“structural transformation.” Structural transformation requires
government leadership.
Deriving an Approach from the Formula
On the other hand, to reduce the second component, “total energy
consumption/total activity,” we must find new ways to enjoy a full life—
ways that do not require us to use too many resources. To this end, we
must look to technology, including automation, optimization, and energy
efficiency. Let us call this task “technological innovation.”

As for the third component, “total activity/capita,” this KPI represents

our quality of life (QoL). Total activity is in large part conceptual; we do
not define it as a numerical metric.

In fact, the main point of this formula is to prompt a discussion of how we

should define QoL.
Residents as the Actors of Innovation

The critical impact of the data-driven society is the potential for

residents to use data and become the chief actors of innovation.

However, individual residents will only respond to this opportunity once

the practice of resident-led data gains traction. Additionally, the public
must use the data effectively. Otherwise, the stability of society might
be threatened.
CRITICAL NOTES
The Importances of
Shifting Renewables

Help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and

combat climate change

Contribute to sustainable economic growth, job

creation, and better public health

Help to promote energy independence and

security

Reduce energy costs for consumers

 Structural
Transformation

Energy must be ecologically sustainable

Energy must be ecologically stable

Energy must be economically viable

 Technological Innovation
DEFINITION
Technological innovation is a means to eliminate wasteful energy consumption at a society-wide
level

AIM
To encourage society to use energy less wastefully, to bring down the total energy consumption
without having to effectively curb people’s activity.

IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

Courier services: By keeping track of whether recipients are at home and planning the most
effective routes, it helps couriers in reducing unnecessary energy use

BENEFITS
Consumer
1. Electricity rates will be lower
2. Change consumer's habits: help consumers pursue their desired activities in more flexible ways
and ultimately guide them into more energy-efficient behavior
The Shrinking Labor in
Japan
Factors Affecting Japan's Falling Labor

1. Dwindling population or low birthrate

2. Workers in Japan tend to be less
productive than their counterparts in
other developed nations
 Structural Transformation
Structural transformation underscores the need to raise the amount of value produced per active work
hour—in other words, the need to boost value productivity

By combining data from several industries, Habitat Innovation creates analytical tools that may be used
to find unfulfilled needs and new business opportunities.
 Technology Innovation
Investing in new technology such as AI and robots can also help to manage the shrinking labor force.

The one of technology that we can use are VR and communications technologies, it can cut travel time by
recreating the office environment in workers’ homes or satellite offices.
 Aging Infrastructure
and Consumer Sparsity

Aging infrastructure in Japan needs to be renewed, but

downsizing infrastructure to match the shrinking
population could inconvenience many people.

To solve this problem, communities need to be made

more compact,
1. - but in the short term, technology can be
leveraged to reduce physical transport volume while
retaining the same level of service provision.

The goal is to reduce infrastructure maintenance costs

while retaining the same level of people and goods
transportation.
 Structural Transformation
Structural transformation involves downsizing social infrastructure assets to make neighborhoods more
compact, which can improve accessibility and reduce costs.

To minimize peak demand, we can use technology such as storage batteries and encourage cooperation
among residents, without compromising convenience and comfort.
 Technology Innovation
Technological innovation can help make public services more efficient and cost-effective in areas with
fewer people, through the use of things like car-sharing, remote services, and automation.

Society 5.0 aims to balance the needs of society with the needs of individuals, and the KPI formula can be
used to measure this balance.

Using technology to lower the costs of public services can help create a more sustainable and equitable
society.
 Social Issues in Japan

Japan is one of the best

country to solve their social
issue by driving the Japan ambition
workplace production for
Japan aims to solve social issues
their citizen and improve the
through Society 5.0, which
productive age as well
combines technological innovation,
structural transformation, and

Conclusion
human resources development. By
balancing the needs of society and
Habitat Innovation to individuals, Japan strives to create
Solve Social Issues a sustainable and inclusive society.
Japan facing some social
issues such as gas emission
and shrinking labor. So, there
are habit innovation that
consists of structural
transformation and technology
innovation to solve that issues
THANK YOU!