Lecturer : Reksa Setiawan, S.Pd.

MM
 CONTENTS

 Introduction
 Classification based on Time Frame
 Classification based on Aspect
 Block diagram of Tenses
 List of Rules
 Present Tense
 Past Tense
 Future Tense
 List of Example
 INTRODUCTION
The word TENSE is derived

from latin “TEMPUS” which
means time. A verb indicates
the time of an action, event or
condition by changing its form.
BASED ON TIME FRAME
The verb tenses may be categorized

according to the time frame :
Present Tense
Past Tense
Future Tense
Present Tense :
Present tense is a grammatical tense whose principal
function is to locate a situation or event in present time.
(suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan fakta,kebiasaan,

atau kejadian yang terjadi pada saat ini).
Past Tense :
Past Tense is a grammatical tense whose principal function
is to place an action or situation in past time. (suatu bentuk
kata kerja untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kegiatan
yang terjadi di masa lampau dan waktu terjadinya peristiwa
itu telah di ketahui).
Future Tense :
Future tense is a verb form that generally marks the event
described by the verb as not having happened yet, but
expented to happen in the future. (suatu bentuk kata kerja
untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang akan terjadi nanti).
 BASED ON ASPECT
Verb tenses may also be categorized according to


aspect. Aspect refers to the nature of the action
described by the verb. There are four aspects :
1. Indefinite or Simple
2. Continuous or Progressive
3. Perfect or Complete
4. Perfect Continuous
Indefinite Tense :
The three indefinite tenses, or simple tense, describe
an action but do not state whether the action is
finished.

Continuous Tense :

The three continuous tenses, incomplete tenses, or
progressive tenses, describe an unfinished action.

Perfect Tense :
The three complete tenses, or perfect tenses, describe
a finished action.

Perfect Continuous Tense :

To combine the complete tenses and the incomplete
tenses, to describe an action which was in progress
and then finished.
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

The simple present is used to describe an action, an
event, or condition that is occurring in the present, at
the moment of speaking or writing.

For example :
I play.
He/She plays.
 PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE

The present continuos emphasizes the continuing
nature of an act, event, or condition.

For example :

I am playing.
He/She is playing.
They are playing.
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

The present perfect tense is used to describe action
that began in the past and continuos into the present
or has just been completed.

For example :

I have played.
He/She has played.
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE


The present perfect continuos is used to describe an
action, event, or condition that has began in the past
and continuos into the present.

For example:

I/you have been playing.

He/she has been playing.
 PAST INDEFINITE TENSE

The simple past is used to descibe an action, an event,
or condition that occured in the past.

For example :

I played.
He/She played.
 PAST CONTINUOS TENSE

The past continuos tense is used to described actions
on going in the past.

For example :

I was playing.
He/She was playing.
You were playing.
 PAST PERFECT TENSE

The past perfect tense is used to refer actions that took
place and were completed in the past.

For example :

I had played.
He/She had played.
 PAST PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE


The past perfect continuos tense is used to indicate
that continuing action in the past began before
another past action began or interrupted the first
action.

For example :
I had been playing.
He/She had been playing.
 FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that
will take place after the act of speaking and writing.

For example :

I shall play.
He/She will play.
 FUTURE CONTINUOS TENSE

The future continuos tense is used to describe actions
on going in the future. The future progressive is used
to refer to continuing action that will occur in the
future.

For example :

I shall be playing
He/She will be playing
 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

The future perfect tense is used to describe an event
that is expected or planned to happen before a time of
reference in the future.

For example :

I shall have played.

He/She will have played.
 FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOS TENSE


The future perfect continuous tense is used to indicate
a continuing action that will be completed at some
specified time in the future.

For example :

I shall have been playing.

He/She will have been playing.
 Tenses
Verbs in the past, present and future tense
What’s wrong with these sentences?
Yesterday I am playing football.
Yesterday I played football.

Tomorrow I went to the zoo.

Tomorrow I am going to the zoo.

At the moment I have washed the

motorcycle.
At the moment I am washing the
motorcycle.
 Past, Present or Future?
Yesterday I played football.
PAST

Tomorrow I am going to the zoo.

FUTURE

At the moment I am washing the

motorcycle.
PRESENT
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

run

Write sentences in the

past, present and future tense.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

run

Yesterday I went running.

Yesterday I ran a mile.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

run

At the moment I am running.

I am running a mile.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

run

Tomorrow I am going for a run.

Tomorrow I am running a mile.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

play

Write sentences in the

past, present and future tense.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

play

Yesterday I played football.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

play

At the moment I’m playing football.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

play

Tomorrow I’m going to play football.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

swim

Write sentences in the

past, present and future tense.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

swim

Yesterday I went for a swim.

I swam in the sea yesterday.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

swim

I’m swimming in the sea.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

swim

Tomorrow I’m going for a swim.

I’m going swimming tomorrow.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

write

Write sentences in the

past, present and future tense.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

write

I wrote a story yesterday.

I did some writing yesterday.
I’ve written a story.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

write

I’m writing a story.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

write

Tomorrow I’m going to write a story.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

draw

Write sentences in the

past, present and future tense.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

draw

Yesterday I drew a picture.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

draw

I’m drawing a picture.

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

draw

I’m going to draw a picture tomorrow.

Tomorrow I’m drawing a picture.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

drink

Write sentences in the

past, present and future tense.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

drink

I drank a cola yesterday.

I have drunk two bottles of cola.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

drink

I am drinking a cola.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

drink

I am going to drink a cola later.

Today Tomorrow Yesterday Everyday At the
moment

I we they he
she my mum my dad my dog

go run walk sing

shout jump leap eat
try drive ride move
dance trip hop drink
write fall cry catch
NEXT....

THE SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSE !!!